Courses in Western Civilization I and II; historiography courses primarily European. Now that almost all sources are available on the web, a new kind of source book is needed. Older source books cannot compete with the free (and easily chosen) sources on the web. This book really makes students think through problems. As a professor for over 20 years, the author has used and discarded most source books that "bundle" sources with a short intro and a few questions. This book integrates sources within thematic chapters.

Table of Contents:
<> Table of Contents Introduction How to Read Primary Sources Part 1: The Ancient World (5000 BCE - 500 CE) Chapter 1: The Ancient Middle East Hittite Law Code: Excerpts from The Code of Nesilim The Code of Hammurabi An Egyptian Hymn to the Nile Excerpts from The Epic of Gilgamesh Chapter 2: Ancient Greece Tyrtaeus: The Spartan Creed, c. 650 BCE Thucydides: The Debate on the Sicilian Expedition, c. 420 BCE On the Murder of Erastosthenes: A Husband's Defense, c. 403 BCE Socrates' Apology, as Reported by Plato, c. 390 BCE Chapter 3: Rome: From Republic to Empire Polybius: "Why Romans and Not Greeks Govern the World", c. 140 BCE Appian of Alexandria, "War, Slaves, and Land Reform: Tiberius Gracchus, c. 150 BCE Livy: The Rape of Lucretia and the Origins of the Republic, c. 10 BCE Women in Roman Politics: Manipulators or Manipulated?, c. 100 CE Chapter 4: Imperial Rome and Early Christianity Gnostic Teachings on Jesus, According to Irenaeus, c. 170 CE Tertullian, "What has Jerusalem to do with Athens?", c. 200 CE Eusebius of Caesarea on the Nicean Council and the Creed, c. 330 CE The Conversion of Georgia, from The Life of Saint Nino, 337 CE Traditional Roman Religious Practices, 382 CE Part 2: The Middle Ages (500 CE - 1500 CE) Chapter 5: Islam, Byzantium, and the Making of Europe Priscus Panites at the Court of Attila the Hun, c. 450 The Confession of Saint Patrick, c. 450 Prologue of the Corpus Juris Civillis, c. 530 The Book of Emperors and Kings: Charlemagne and Leo III, c. 1150 Pope Leo III, c. 1150 Science and Mathematics: Al-Ghazzali, "On the Separation of Mathematics and Religion", 1058-1111 Chapter 6: The Consolidation and Interaction of States and Ideas Letter of Pope Gregory VII to the Bishop of Metz, 1081 Anna of Comnena, from the Alexiad, 1083-1153 Benjamin of Tudela, from Book of Travels, 1127-1174 Christian Armies Beseige Lisbon, 1147 Phillip II Augustus Expels the Jews from France, 1182 Beha ed-Din: Richard I Massacres Prisoner after Taking Acre, c. 1195 Unam Sanctam: Pope Boniface VIII on the Two Swords, 1302 The Penitentials, c. 1575 Chapter 7: Society and Culture in the High Middle Ages Sports in the City of London, 1180 Excerpts from The History of the Life and Travels of Rabban Bar Sawma College Life: Letters between Students and the Fathers, c. 1200 Manorial Court Records, 1246-1247 St. Thomas Aquinas: Faith and Reason in the Summa Against the Gentile s, 1259-1264 Marco Polo, excerpts from Travels , c. 1300 Guilds: Regulating the Craft, 1347 "For the Honor of the Guild": Social and Civic Responsibilities, 1421-1425 The Ideal Merchants Wife, c. 1450 Chapter 8: The Late Middle Ages - Crisis and Recovery How They Died: Coroner's Rolls from the 14th Century, 1322-1337 Flagellants Attempt to Ward Off the Black Death, 1349 The Lollard Conclusions, 1394 The Execution of Heretics: Saints and Witches, 1389-1427 Propositions of John Wycliffe, as Described in the Church's Condemnation, 1415 Part 3: The West in Transformation (1350-1700) Chapter 9: The Renaissance Petrarch: Rules for a Successful Ruler, c. 1350 Advice to Lorenzo de Medici: On Wifely Duties, 1416 Lorenzo Valla Skewers the Supposed "Donation of Constantine", c. 1440 Marriage in the Renaissance: A Serious Business, 1464-1465 Niccolo Machiavelli: From the Discourses on Livy, 1513-1517 Benvenuto Cellini: The Life of an Artist, 1558-1562 Chapter 10: Reformations and Counter-Reformations The Act of Supremacy, 1534 The Council of Trent, 1545-1563 Anonymous, "The Execution of Archbishop Cranmer", 1556 Catherine Zell, "Letter to Ludwig Rabus", 1556-1558 Acts of Uniformity, 1559 Anonymous Government Agent, "Arrest of Edmund Campion and his Associates", 1581 The Edict of Nantes, 1598 Chapter 11: The Development of Early-Modern States and Societies Jean Bodin, Six Books of the Commonwealth, "The True Attributes of Sovreignty." Hugo Grotius, selections from On the Law of War and Peace Thomas Hobbes, The Leviathan The Treaty of Westphalia, 1743 The Poor Laws La Colonie, "The Battle of Schellenberg" Peter the Great, "Correspondence with Alexis" Chapter 12: Expanding Worlds Letter from the Kings of Portugal to the King of the Kongo Bartolome de Las Casas, Very Brief Report on the Destruction of the Indians Jamestown Charter Richard Frethorne, "Letter to Father and Mother" Christopher Columbus, "The Letters of Columbis to Ferdinand and Isabel" Cieza de Leon, "The Chronicle of Peru" Anonymous, "The English Describe Pawatah's People" "The Code Noir" Chapter 13: Thought and Culture in Early Modern Europe Francis Bacon, from Novum Organum William Harvey, Address to the Royal College of Physicians Rene Descartes, The Discourse on Method and Metaphysical Meditations, "I Think, Therefore I Am" Charles Perrault, Little Red Riding Hood Isaac Newtown, from Optiks John Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress