Bernard LucienBorn in 1952, Fr. Bernard Lucien entered the seminary at Écône in 1972 and was ordained by Archbishop Lefebvre in 1978. He first published works to demonstrate the contradiction between the teaching of Gregory XVI and Pius IX on freedom of conscienceand worship and the teaching of Vatican II on religious liberty. He fundamentally changed his view (a change for which he credits the grace of God) on Christmas 1991 and published a retraction in 1992 to show how this contradiction was merely apparent and not substantial. This led him to regularize his canonical status in 1992; he was incardinated in the archdiocese of Vaduz (Liechtenstein) in 2004 by Archbishop Haas. Since his regularization he has been teaching Thomistic theology in seminaries and houses of formation and has published various works of theology, including for the non-specialist public such as "The Sacred Theology for Beginners and the Initiated" series. Read More Read Less