Brian NorthBrian North is a researcher and consultant to the Council of Europe. After developing the CEFR levels and descriptors, he co-authored the CEFR itself, the prototype European Language Portfolio, and the manual Relating Language Examinatios to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (Council of Europe, 2009), and coordinated the CEFR Companion Volume. Other project involvement includes Eaquals’ core inventories (English and French), and more recently, investigation of CEFR use in Canada and Switzerland, alignment of the Canadian Language Benchmarks to the CEFR, and the ECML’s CEFR QualiMatrix. Recent (co-)publications include The CEFR in Practice (Cambridge University Press, 2014), Language Course Planning (Oxford University Press, 2018) and The Action-oriented Approach (Multilingual Matters, 2019). Read More Read Less