Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Detailed, standardized, step-by-step protocols for easy access to essential information in small animal emergency rooms and intensive care units Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Second Edition offers a complete and clinically oriented reference for step-by-step detail on a wide range of procedures in the small animal emergency room and intensive care unit. Each protocol provides detailed instructions grounded in the evidence. The book is carefully designed for ease of use, with concise but comprehensive explanations, useful equipment lists, protocols called out in boxes, and extensive reference lists. In the revised and expanded Second Edition, information has been updated and expanded throughout, and information and chapters have been added in many important areas, including veterinary point-of-care ultrasound (VPOCUS), veterinary CPR, blood banking and transfusion medicine, advanced techniques for mechanical ventilation, and veterinary health care team wellbeing. A companion website offers the protocols in Word for editing and use in practice and the figures from the book in PowerPoint. Specific topics covered in Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care include: The cardiovascular system, covering catheterization of the venous compartment, arterial puncture and catheterization, cardiac VPOCUS, principles of electrocardiography, and electrocardiogram interpretation The respiratory system, covering oxygen therapy, pulse oximetry and CO-oximetry, blood gas analysis, pleural space and lung VPOCUS, tracheal intubation, and temporary tracheostomy The urinary and abdominal systems, covering urethral catheterization, abdominal VPOCUS, peritoneal dialysis, technical management of hemodialysis patients, and peritoneal evaluation Transfusion medicine, covering blood banking, blood typing, cross-matching, and administration of blood and other biological products Advanced Monitoring and Procedures for Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care presents invaluable and accessible information for emergency situations, making it a highly useful reference for veterinary practitioners, veterinary technicians and nurses, veterinary students, small animal emergency and critical care residents, small animal emergency and critical care specialists, and emergency and critical care veterinary technicians and nurse specialists.

Table of Contents:
List of Contributors xi Preface to the Second Edition xvii Acknowledgments xix About the Companion Website xxi Section One Fundamental Elements of Emergency and Critical Care Practice 1 1 Triage 3 Harold Davis 2 The Small Animal Emergency Room 13 Martin D. Miller and Sean D. Smarick 3 Intensive Care Unit Design 23 Joris H. Robben and Lindsey Dodd 4 Developing and Using Checklists in Practice 47 Elizabeth B. Davidow and Carmen King 5 Medical Charting 53 Karl E. Jandrey and Sharon Fornes 6 Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Emergency and Critical Care 75 Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden Section Two Cardiovascular Procedures and Monitoring 81 7 Catheterization of the Venous Compartment 83 Andrea M. Steele and Jessica L. Oram 8 Arterial Puncture and Catheterization 103 Elisa M. Mazzaferro and Nicole van Sant 9 Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access 117 Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden 10 Principles of Electrocardiography 127 Jamie M. Burkitt Creedon 11 Electrocardiogram Interpretation 135 Casey J. Kohen 12 Fluid-Filled Hemodynamic Monitoring Systems 153 Jamie M. Burkitt Creedon 13 Direct Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring 169 Edward Cooper and Stacey Cooper 14 Noninvasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring 181 Christopher L. Norkus and Nicholas L. Rivituso 15 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring 191 Rosalind S. Chow 16 Cardiac Output Monitoring 207 Mack Fudge 17 Point-of-Care Cardiac Ultrasound 225 Valerie Madden and Søren Boysen 18 Pericardiocentesis 241 Simon P. Hagley 19 Monitoring Tissue Perfusion: Clinicopathologic Aids and Advanced Techniques 251 Alexandra Nectoux and Guillaume L. Hoareau 20 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 261 Sean D. Smarick 21 Open-Chest Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 271 Janelle R. Wierenga and Katherine R. Crosse 22 Defibrillation 281 Casey J. Kohen 23 Temporary Cardiac Pacing 291 Anna Grimes and H. Edward Durham, Jr Section Three Respiratory Procedures and Monitoring 309 24 Oxygen Therapy 311 Kate Farrell 25 Pulse Oximetry and Co-Oximetry 327 Kate Farrell 26 Blood Gas Analysis 339 Sarah Gray 27 Point-of-Care Lung and Pleural Space Ultrasound 347 Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden 28 Tracheal Intubation 365 Marc Raffe and Rachel Bassett 29 Temporary Tracheostomy 377 F. A. (Tony) Mann 30 Capnography 389 Linda S. Barter and Alessia Cenani 31 Mechanical Ventilation 399 Kate Hopper and Julie Eveland-Baker 32 Ventilator Waveform Analysis 409 Deborah Silverstein and Justina Gerard 33 Alternative Methods of Augmented Ventilation 427 Jessica Schavone and Elizabeth Rozanski 34 Pleural Space Drainage 431 Amanda Arrowood and Lori S. Waddell Section Four Urinary and Gastrointestinal Procedures 449 35 Urethral Catheterization 451 Jamie M. Burkitt Creedon 36 Peritoneal Dialysis 467 Michael D. Santasieri, Carolyn Tai, and Mary Anna Labato 37 Technical Management of Hemodialysis 481 Karen Poeppel and Cathy Langston 38 Peritoneal Evaluation 499 Laura Osborne and Lindsey Strang 39 Point-of-Care Abdominal Ultrasound 513 Søren Boysen and Valerie Madden 40 Specialized Gastrointestinal Techniques 523 Lisa Smart and Joyce Lau 41 Postoperative Peritoneal Drainage Techniques 539 Margo Mehl Section Five Nutrition 545 42 Nutritional Requirements in Critical Illness 547 Daniel L. Chan 43 Enteral Diets for Critically Ill Patients 555 Sally C. Perea 44 Assisted Enteral Feeding 567 Wan K. A. Tan 45 Parenteral Nutrition 585 Jennifer Larsen Section Six Analgesia and Anesthesia 599 46 Drug Administration 601 Damion Asselin and Jane Quandt 47 Pain Recognition and Management 617 Chiara Valtolina and Liza Lindeman 48 Systemic Analgesia 631 Sarah Haldane and Angela Chapman 49 Local Anesthesia 651 Christopher L. Norkus 50 Monitoring the Anesthetized Patient 665 Benjamin M. Brainard and Jessica Perlini 51 Nursing Care of the Long-Term Anesthetized Patient 681 Yekaterina Buriko and Bridget M. Lyons 52 Neuromuscular Blockade 691 Manuel Martin-Flores and Karen L. Basher Section Seven Clinicopathologic Techniques 699 53 Blood Sample Collection and Handling 701 Courtney Waxman and Tami Lind 54 In-House Hematologic Evaluation 717 Karl Jandrey and Andrew Burton 55 In-House Evaluation of Hemostasis 739 April Summers, Jocey Pronko, and Julien Guillaumin 56 Electrolyte Evaluation 747 Louisa J. Rahilly and Katherine Vachon 57 Acid–Base Evaluation 763 Kate Hopper 58 Osmolality and Colloid Osmotic Pressure 771 Elke Rudloff and Angel Rivera 59 Body Fluid Collection and Handling 779 Adesola Odunayo and Eric Hilton 60 Urinalysis in Acutely and Critically Ill Dogs and Cats 787 Lucy Kopecny and Sean Naylor 61 Cytology 797 Rebecca J. Greer Section Eight Infection Control 807 62 Minimizing Healthcare-Associated Infections 809 Jane E. Sykes 63 Care of Indwelling Device Insertion Sites 819 Helen Philp 64 Antiseptics, Disinfectants, and Sterilization 837 Samantha Jones, Krystle Reagan, and Nicole Saunders 65 Personnel Precautions for Patients with Zoonotic Disease 845 Sarah Fritz and Christopher G. Byers Section Nine Transfusion Medicine 859 66 Blood Typing and Crossmatching 861 Sarah Musulin and Kenichiro Yagi 67 Blood Transfusion 879 Julien Guillaumin and Kristin Kofron 68 Administration of Other Biological Products 891 Jennifer E. Prittie and Jasmine De Stefano 69 Blood Banking 905 Marie K. Holowaychuk and Kenichiro Yagi Section Ten Nursing Care of Specific Populations 921 70 Care of the Patient with Intracranial Disease 923 Marie K. Holowaychuk and Charlotte E. Donohoe 71 Care of the Burned Animal 935 Steven Epstein 72 Care of the Environmentally Injured Animal 941 Michael S. Lagutchik, Rufus W. Frederick, and James O. Barclay 73 Blood Glucose Monitoring and Glycemic Control 951 Erica L. Reineke 74 Critical Nursing Care of the Neonate 965 Autumn Davidson and Janice Cain 75 Safe Handling and Care of Patients Exposed to Radioactive and Anti-Neoplastic Agents 997 Michael S. Kent and Kristen Sears 76 Handling the Suspected Cruelty Case 1005 Alison Liu Section Eleven Wellness for the Veterinary Health Care Team 1017 77 Self-Compassion: The Cornerstone of Wellbeing 1019 Deborah A. Stone Index 1027