"Annual Editions" is a series of over 65 volumes, each designed to provide convenient, inexpensive access to a wide range of current articles from some of the most respected magazines, newspapers, and journals published today. "Annual Editions" are updated on a regular basis through a continuous monitoring of over 300 periodical sources. The articles selected are authored by prominent scholars, researchers, and commentators writing for a general audience. "The Annual Editions" volumes have a number of common organizational features designed to make them particularly useful in the classroom: a general introduction; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; and a brief overview for each section. Each volume also offers an online Instructor's Resource Guide with testing materials. "Using Annual Editions in the Classroom" is the general instructor's guide for our popular "Annual Editions" series and is available in print or online.

Table of Contents:
AE World Politics Preface Correlation Guide Topic Guide Internet References Unit 1: The International System and Changing World Order of the Twenty-First Century Unit Overview 1. The Age of Nonpolarity: What Will Follow U.S. Dominance? Richard N. Haass, Foreign Affairs, May/June 2008 The principle characteristic of the twenty-first-century international system is "nonpolarity: a world dominated not by one, two, or even several states but rather by dozens of actors possessing and exercising various kinds of power. This represents a tectonic shift from the past." 2. China Views Globalization: Toward a New Great-Power Politics?, Yong Deng and Thomas G. Moore, The Washington Quarterly, Summer 2004 Globalization has become a lens through which Beijing's grand strategy is filtered. For Chinese strategic thinkers, globalization-as manifested in transnational forces, international institutions, and a great need for multilateralism-is a means to "democratize" the U.S. hegemonic order and to minimize unilateralist power. 3. India's Path to Greatness, Martin Walker, The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2006 India is emerging as an important strategic partner of the United States. Potentially, India may be one of the dominant future world powers, along with the United States and China. How well and whether India manages its rise to power-along with relationships with other rising and status quo powers-could well determine the future of the whole region. 4. Lulu's Brazil: A Rising Power, but Going Where?, Andrew Hurrell, Current History, February 2008 Emerging powers like Brazil will play central roles in the balance of power dynamics of major global challenges such as climate change and nuclear proliferation. While Brazil's President Lulu and the Workers Party government may be viewed as corrupt and ineffective at home, Brazil's foreign policy is widely regarded as a great success story ... and a potential bellwether for the global strategies of other emerging powers. 5. The Power of Green, Thomas L. Friedman, The New York Times Magazine, April 15, 2007 America can regain its international stature by taking the lead in alternative energy and environmentalism. Such a shift includes electing the first Green President and launching a bi-partisan massive push, much like Eisenhower's interstate highway initiative or FDR's New Deal, to develop a multi-prong effort to develop alternative energy sources. Friedman advocates implementing both free-market strategies, high governmental standards and consumption taxes. Unit 2: Managing Interstate Conflicts and the Proliferation of Weapons Unit Overview Part A. Alliances, Balance of Power and the Use of Force 6. War in Georgia, Jitters All Around, Svante E. Cornell, Current History, October 2008 Russia's military intervention in Georgia's breakaway province of South Ossetia was Russia's First military attack since the invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. Moscow's actions came as a surprise and raises questions about Russia's future plans in Europe. The invasion has mobilized international forces that will be difficult to contain. A new alliance among the Baltic states, Poland, and Ukraine promises to be a powerful force for action within the EU and NATO. 7. The Long March to Be a Superpower, The Economist, August 4, 2007 "The People's Liberation Army is investing heavily to give China the military muscle to match its economic power. But can it begin to rival America?" 8. Israeli Military Calculations towards Iran, Military Technology, MILTECH January 2007 Israel shares the worries of Western countries about Iran's quest for nuclear weapons, but has unique concerns as well. Three-quarters of Israel's population is concentrated "on a narrow strip of coastline from Ashkelon to Haifa." This demographic fact makes Israel "extremely vulnerable to nuclear strikes. Israel's presumed second-strike capability might severely damage its attacker, but there would be no Israeli state left to take satisfaction." While a preemptive strike on Iran's nuclear facilities would be difficult, "Israel has reshaped its air force for deep strike missions of this kind." Part B. Proliferation of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons and Technology 9. Revving up the Cooperative Nonproliferation Engine, Senator Richard G. Lugar, Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 15, No. 2, July 2008 The Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) process is an "engine of Nonproliferation cooperation and expertise that can be applied to many situations around the world." One of the architects, Senator Lugar discusses new opportunities for partnerships that the United States should pursue to prevent the proliferation for nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons. 10. Pakistan: It's Deja Vu All over Again, Leonard Weiss, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, May/June 2004 Leonard Weiss reviews how Pakistan lied, stole, and conned its way to becoming a nuclear weapons power. Now, the father of Pakistan's nuclear bomb program, A.Q. Khan, is doing the same as a nuclear broker. Weiss questions what the United States can do about the A.Q. Khan network, now that Pakistan is a major United States ally. 11. Evolving Bioweapon Threats Require New Countermeasures, Helen Purkitt and Virgen Wells, The Chronicle of Higher Education, October 6, 2006 Past, covert biowarfare activities in Iraq and South Africa as well as current civilian biotechnology research and development trends illustrate why control strategies will fail. Today, it is impossible to control the equipment, supplies, and knowledge needed to develop sophisticated or naturally occurring biological agents such as biological weapons. The time has come to design public policies that will promote new transparency norms. Unit 3: Foreign Policy Decision Making Unit Overview 12. Strategy and the Search for Peace, Gregory D. Foster, The Futurist, November/December 2006 Much about the future is unpredictable, but foreign policy and military planners need strategic objectives to plan for the future. "Strategy is a philosophy of global conduct, a collective set of assumptions and beliefs that underlie our interpretation of the world and approach to dealing with it." It is also about managing perceptions, linking ends closely with means, exercising different types of power effectively, recognizing certain strategic imperatives, and effectively using moral ideas such as balanced reciprocity, principled consistency, and disciplined restraint. 13. In Search of Sustainable Security: Linking National Security, Human Security, and Collective Security Interests to Protect America and Our World, Gayle E. Smith, Center for American Progress, www.americanprogress.org, June 2008 Gayle Smith defines different types of security and outlines the reasons why America's future national security and worldwide collective security coincide. She also describes the challenges that the next president will face in moving U.S. policies towards a longer-term, sustainable security approach. 14. The Petraeus Doctrine, Andrew J. Bacevich, Atlantic Monthly, October 2008 As Iraq-style counterinsurgency is becoming the U.S. Army's organizing principle, a great debate within the U.S. Army is underway between two camps of Iraq War veterans: the Crusaders and Conservatives. A central question in this debate is "how should the hard-earned lessons of Iraq inform future policy?" Positions on this question in turn are tied to lessons that should be drawn from American military involvement in Vietnam. Unless the next President weighs in on these fundamental debates, decisions by default may well devolve upon soldiers. Unit 4: Great Power Interstate Conflicts and Rivalries Unit Overview 15. The Transatlantic Turnaround, Charles A. Kupchan, Current History, March 2008 The Atlantic alliance has improved during President Bush's second term after hitting rock bottom in 2003 with the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq. How to translate transatlantic reunion into a concrete partnership will remain difficulty-no mat ter who holds power on the two sides of the Atlantic. 16. Building on Common Ground with Russia, Henry A. Kissinger and George P. Shultz, Washington Post, October 8, 2008 The drift towards confrontation with Russia after its military invasion in Georgia must end. The Georgian crisis originated in a series of miscalculations. While America has an important stake in the territorial integrity of an independent Georgia, it must use diplomacy and strength and an appreciation of Russian perceptions of recent history in dealing with Russia. The Sochi document agreed to in April, 2008 by President Bush and then-President Putin, outlined a program of joint cooperation to deal with long-term requirements of world order. This document provides a useful road map for the U.S. government in dealing with Europe and Russia. 17. Lifting the Bamboo Curtain, Robert D. Kaplan, Atlantic Monthly, September 2008 China is quietly working to create a political and economic zone of influence throughout Southeast Asia, including plans for a new port, oil refinery, a hub for oil and natural gas, and a hub for resources coming from East Africa and the Middle East. India is working to avoid being blocked from her access to ports along the coast in this region. Recent U.S. governments have been less concerned about the prospect for a subtle "bamboo curtain coming down on Southeast Asia" or continued rule by autocratic generals in Burma than the War on Terrorism. Kaplan outlines the reasons why he believes that the struggle over the eastern part of the Indian Ocean may "come down to who deals more adroitly with the Burmese hill tribes" and stresses that that "American Christian missionaries of yore knew how to handle" this kind of situation. Unit 5: North-South Interstate Conflicts and Rivalries Unit Overview 18. A New Path for Latin America?, Michael Shifter, Current History, February 2008 As problems multiply for Hugo Chavez, the leader of Venezuela, questions abound about the future of radical populist leaders in Venezuela and in neighboring states. A central question for "the longer term is whether Venezuelans and their counterparts across Latin America will be able to find satisfactory responses to the grievances that gave birth to the Chavez phenomenon and its populist analogues elsewhere in the region." 19. After Iraq, Jeffrey Goldberg, The Atlantic, January/February 2008 The list of Iraq's unintended consequences is without end and includes the likelihood of Kurdish independence and the division of Iraq into three parts. Throughout the broader region, the Middle East state system concerns are mounting that ultimately the entire system of nation-states could break apart. 20. Taking Africa Seriously, Patrick J. Paterson, USN, Proceedings Magazine. Vol 133/10/1256 (October) 2007 "The volatility of the African continent has led the United States to combine three regions under one command: AFRICOM" in 2007. The "new headquarters dedicated solely to operations in Africa" recognizes the urgency of preventing "the continent from careening into collapse and conflict and simultaneously, serving U.S. interests abroad and at home." The new emphasis on prevention strategies is a monumental foreign policy shift for the United States on the continent of Africa, long avoided because of its myriad problems and lack of strategic value. But now U.S. leaders have to realize the value of a proactive approach to solving Africa's problems. Unit 6: Conflicts among Nation-States in the Global South, Sub-National Conflicts, and the Role of Non-State Actors in an Interdependent World Unit Overview 21. The Fragmentation of Palestine, Glenn E. Robinson, Current History, December 2007 "A recent flurry of diplomacy notwithstanding, it may be too late to create a state in Palestinian territories splintered by factional politics and Israeli settlements." 22. Carriers of Conflict, Daniel L. Byman and Kenneth M. Pollack, The Atlantic Monthly, November 2006 The recent exodus of Iraqi refugees to neighboring countries-including Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, and Turkey- may be a preview of future instability and war in the Middle East. Unit 7: Asymmetric Conflicts: Trends in Terrorism and Counterterrorism Unit Overview 23. Al Qaeda at 20 Dead or Alive?, Peter Bergen, Washington Post, August 17, 2008 Although bin Laden's military and strategic campaign against the United States and 'near enemies' have failed, al Qaeda's war for hearts and minds continues. Bregen predicts that al Qaeda is unlikely to attack the United States during the next ten years and that Muslims will increasingly take a dim view of his group and its suicide operations. However, the links between radicals in the United Kingdom and Bin Laden remains a serious threat and their global mission is "accomplished: worldwide instigation and inspiration." To our grief, that legacy will endure, even after al-Qaeda is defeated. 24. Toy Soldiers: The Youth Factor in the War on Terror, Cheryl Benard, Current History, January 2007 "Membership in a clandestine terrorist cell" and the opportunity "to belong to a feared and seemingly heroic movement complete with martyrs" is inherently appealing to young people. Cheryl Benard explores some of the developmental and societal factors that may explain why the young, especially young men, join radical Jihadist terrorist cells, and for that matter, the armies that fight terrorists in Iraq, as well as the implication of the "massive demographic tsunami" growing in much of the developing world. 25. Al-Qaeda Masters Terrorism on the Cheap, Craig Whitlock, Washington Post Online, August 24, 2008 "Since Sept. 11, 2001, al-Qaeda has increasingly turned to local cells that run extremely low-cost operations and generate cash through criminal scams bypassing the global financial dragnet set up by the United States and Europe... Al Qaeda's self-financing cells makes it difficult for authorities to detect potential terrorist plots by monitoring cash flows or bank transfers-the basis of many of the anti-terrorism financing laws in place today." 26. Three Pillars of Counterinsurgency, Dr. David J. Kilcullen, Paper presented at the United States Government Counterinsurgency Initiative Conference, September 2006 Last time the United States produced an inter-agency counterinsurgency doctrine was in 1962 and it didn't work very well. The conflict environment today is even more complicated as the USG must mobilize all agencies of the USG, along with host nations, multiple foreign allies and coalition partners, non-government organizations, media, community groups, and business. To cope and prepare for a long-term victory, Kilcullen proposes an inter-agency counterinsurgency framework based on three integrated pillars-economic, political, and security activities. 27. The Boot Is Now on the Other Foot: Rwanda's Lessons from Both Sides of Insurgency, Greg Mills, RUSI, June 2008 Today, the Rwanda Patriotic Front's Army (RPA) consists of soldiers who used to be insurgents. Mill's analysis is based on interviews with those who were former rebels fighting to free Rwanda. Three lessons stand out for the RPA as insurgents against the Hutu region. The conflict, although long, difficult, and costly, was won because their cause was just and had popular support; they used flexible tactics as circumstances changed; and there was no alternative to fighting until the regime in Kigali offered the Arusha peace agreement of 1993. Mills concludes by discussing the general counter-insurgency lessons that can be derived from this little-known African case. Unit 8: Contemporary Foreign Policy Debates Unit Overview 28. All Counterinsurgency Is Local, Thomas H. Johnson and M. Chris Mason, Atlantic Monthly, October 2008 The U.S. engagement in Afghanistan is floundering because of the endemic failure to engage and protect rural villages, and to immunize them against insurgency. To reverse its fortunes in Afghanistan, the United States needs to fundamentally reconfigure its operations, creating small development and security teams posted at new compounds in every district in the south and east of the country. This approach would not necessarily require adding troops, although that would help--200 district-based teams of 100 people, each would require 20,000 personne l, one-third of the 60,000 foreign troops currently in the country. 29. From Great Game to Grand Bargain: Ending Chaos in Afghanistan and Pakistan, Barnett R. Rubin and Ahmed Rashid, Foreign Affairs, November/December 2008 According to Rubin and Rashid, the current chaos will only be resolved if treated as a regional conflict requiring a negotiated settlement by all interested parties rather than as a "great game," which is what the conflict was called when it was a 19th century imperialist struggle between Britain and Russia for influence in Central Asia. Unit 9: International Organizations, International Law, and Global Governance Unit Overview 30. Running the U.N., James Traub, Foreign Policy, January/February 2007 The article is a memorandum to the United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon. James Traub recommends chopping dead wood and cutting red tape within the organization. He also advises the Secretary General to accept that you can't fix the Human Rights Council-or the Security Council or the General Assembly, recognize that his speeches matter, and take U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice to a Redskins game! 31. The Responsibility to Protect: Meeting the Challenges, Gareth Evans, Speech by President of International Crisis Group to Human Rights Resource Center and Community Legal Centres and Lawyers for Human Rights, August 13 and 28, 2007 "It has taken the world an insanely long time, centuries in fact, to come to terms conceptually with the idea that state sovereignty is not a license to kill-that there is something fundamentally and intolerably wrong about states murdering or forcibly displacing large numbers of their own citizens." Evans describes the emergence, current status, and meaning of the emerging norm of the responsibility to protect concept-or 'R2P' as it is often now called. Unit 10: The International Economic System Unit Overview 32. Unfolding Worldwide Turmoil Could Reverse Years of Prosperity, David Cho and Binyamin Appelbaum, Washington Post Online, October 7, 2008 The $700 billion dollar U.S. rescue package failed to stem the growing international financial crisis that is spreading worldwide. As it becomes clear that the magnitude of the crisis is global in scope, concerns mount that the crisis may reverse years of prosperity. 33. The $1.4 Trillion Question, James Fallows, Atlantic Monthly, January/February 2008 The Chinese are subsidizing the American way of life. Are we playing them for suckers-or are they playing us? 34. How Economics Can Defeat Corruption, Raymond Fisman and Edward Miguel, Foreign Policy, September/October 2008 No one knows for sure how much of modern economic exchanges are black market transactions and bribes. Fisman and Miguel describe how more attention and better detective work can expose the growing amounts of smuggling, cheating, and bribing occurring in the developing and developed world. Unit 11:Globalizing Issues Unit Overview 35. Thinking Ahead, Jerome Glenn, RSA Journal, September 2006 For ten years, the Millennium Project has been assessing the future state of the world by tracking changes in the set of 15 Global Challenges identified and updated by over 2,000 futurists, business planners, scholars, and policy advisers. They provide a framework to assess global and local prospects, and make up an interdependent system: an improvement in one challenge makes it easier to address others; deterioration in one makes it more difficult. The first Human Security Report, published in 2006, found that while the world is plagued with unprecedented economic, ecological, and security threats, it is also wealthier, better educated, healthier, and more peaceful than ever. 36. Pirates versus Weapons Dealers, Clemens Hoges, Uwe Klussmann, and Horand Knaup, Spiegel Online International, October 6, 2008 When Somali pirates hijacked the frigate, the Faina, they didn't know they were going to foil an international weapons deal involving illegal arms being sent to Sudan or get involved in an international showdown with the U.S. Navy. 37. The Coming Resource Wars, Michael T. Klare, TomPaine.common sense, March 7, 2006 British Defense Secretary, John Reid, warned that global climate change and dwindling natural resources are combining to increase the likelihood of violent conflict over land, water, and energy. The inadequate capacity of poor and unstable countries to cope with the effects of climate change is likely to result in state collapse, civil war, and mass migration. While military superiority may aid Americans in struggles over vital resources, it cannot protect us against the ravages of global climate change. Test-Your-Knowledge Form Article Rating Form