ARDUINO for BEGINNERS ESSENTIAL SKILLS EVERY MAKER NEEDS Loaded with full-color step-by-step illustrations!   Absolutely no experience needed!   Learn Arduino from the ground up, hands-on, in full color!   Discover Arduino, join the DIY movement, and build an amazing spectrum of projects… limited only by your imagination!   No “geekitude” needed: This full-color guide assumes you know nothing about Arduino or programming with the Arduino IDE. John Baichtal is an expert on getting newcomers up to speed with DIY hardware. First, he guides you gently up the learning curve, teaching you all you need to know about Arduino boards, basic electronics, safety, tools, soldering, and a whole lot more. Then, you walk step-by-step through projects that reveal Arduino’s incredible potential for sensing and controlling the environment–projects that inspire you to create, invent, and build the future!   ·         Use breadboards to quickly create circuits without soldering ·         Create a laser/infrared trip beam to protect your home from intruders ·         Use Bluetooth wireless connections and XBee to build doorbells and more ·         Write useful, reliable Arduino programs from scratch ·         Use Arduino’s ultrasonic, temperature, flex, and light sensors ·         Build projects that react to a changing environment ·         Create your own plant-watering robot ·         Control DC motors, servos, and stepper motors ·         Create projects that keep track of time ·         Safely control high-voltage circuits ·         Harvest useful parts from junk electronics ·         Build pro-quality enclosures that fit comfortably in your home  

Table of Contents:
Introduction 1 Chapter 1 Arduino Cram Session ................................................ 5 Arduino Uno: A Rookie-Friendly Microcontroller ............................5 Other Arduino Products ................................................................8 Electronics ....................................................................................9     Light-Emitting Diodes ..............................................................11     Buttons and Switches ...............................................................11     Potentiometers ........................................................................12     Resistors ..................................................................................13     Capacitors ...............................................................................14     Motors ....................................................................................15     Solenoids .................................................................................16     Piezo Buzzers ...........................................................................17     Seven-Segment Displays ...........................................................18     Relays ......................................................................................19     Integrated Circuits ...................................................................20     Temperature Sensors ................................................................21     Flex Sensor...............................................................................22     Light Sensor .............................................................................23     Ultrasonic Sensor .....................................................................23 Safety Rules .................................................................................24 The Next Chapter ........................................................................26 Chapter 2 Breadboarding ......................................................... 27 Assembling Circuits Using Solderless Breadboards .......................27     Understanding Power and Ground ...........................................30     Using Jumper Wires .................................................................30 Project: Breadboard Blink ............................................................32 Project: Laser Trip Beam ..............................................................35     Assembling the Laser Module ...................................................38     Assembling the Sensor Module .................................................38     Building the Enclosures ............................................................41     Laser Trip Beam Code ..............................................................47     Setting Up the Trip Beam .........................................................49 Alt.Project: Infrared Detector .......................................................50     Wiring Up the PIR and Buzzer ..................................................51     Infrared Detector Code ............................................................51 The Next Chapter ........................................................................52 Chapter 3 How to Solder ......................................................... 53 Gathering Soldering Supplies .......................................................55     Picking a Soldering Iron............................................................55     Choosing a Solder ....................................................................58     Getting the Other Things You Need ..........................................59         Desktop Vises ...............................................................................59         Cutters and Strippers .....................................................................60         Needle-Nose Pliers and Hemostats ..................................................61         Fans or Fume Extractors .................................................................62         ESD Protection .............................................................................62         Solder Stand and Sponge ................................................................63 Soldering .....................................................................................64 Desoldering .................................................................................68 Cleanup ......................................................................................71 Project: LED Strip Coffee Table ....................................................72     Preparing the Light Strip ..........................................................73     Attaching the Light Strip to the Table .......................................75 Building the Enclosure .................................................................76     Controlling the LED Strip .........................................................82 LED Strip Code ...........................................................................82 The Next Chapter ........................................................................90 Chapter 4 Setting Up Wireless Connections ............................... 91 XBee Wireless Modules ................................................................92     XBee Versus XBee Pro ..............................................................92     Series 1 Versus Series 2 ............................................................93 XBee Breakout Boards .................................................................93 Anatomy of the XBee ...................................................................94 Competing Wireless Modules.......................................................95     Freakduino Chibi .....................................................................95     JeeLabs JeeNode .......................................................................96 Project: Wireless LED Activation ..................................................96 Wireless LED Code ......................................................................99 Project: Bluetooth Doorbell .......................................................101     The Button ............................................................................103     Instructions for Wiring Up the Doorbell ..................................103         Button Unit ................................................................................103         Buzzer Unit ................................................................................105     Building the Doorbell Enclosures ............................................107         Button Unit Enclosure ..................................................................108         Bending Acrylic ...........................................................................109         Buzzer Unit Enclosure ..................................................................112 Wireless Doorbell Code .............................................................112     Button Unit Code ..................................................................113     Buzzer Unit Code ...................................................................114 The Next Chapter ......................................................................115 Chapter 5 Programming Arduino ............................................. 117 The Arduino Development Environment .....................................118     Programming Window ..........................................................118     Menus ...................................................................................120         File Menu ...................................................................................120         Edit Menu ..................................................................................120         Sketch Menu...............................................................................121         Tools Menu ................................................................................122         Help Menu .................................................................................123 The Blink Sketch ........................................................................124 Learning from Example Code .....................................................127     Adapt the Code .....................................................................128     Finding Example Code ............................................................128         Arduino Playground .....................................................................129         Libraries.....................................................................................130         Sharing Example Code .................................................................131 More Functions and Syntax........................................................133     Arithmetic ..............................................................................133     Arrays ....................................................................................133     Comparison Operators ..........................................................134     For ........................................................................................134     Include ..................................................................................135     Increment/Decrement ............................................................135     Interrupts ..............................................................................135     If/Else ....................................................................................136     Mapping ................................................................................136     Random.................................................................................136     Switch/Case ...........................................................................137     While .....................................................................................137 Debugging Using the Serial Monitor ..........................................137 All About Libraries.....................................................................139 Resources for Learning Programming .........................................141     Books ....................................................................................141     Websites ................................................................................141 The Next Chapter ......................................................................141 Chapter 6 Sensing the World ................................................. 143 Lesson: Sensors .........................................................................144     Digital Versus Analog .............................................................145         Digital .......................................................................................145         Analog .......................................................................................145     Connecting Digital and Analog Sensors ..................................146 Know Your Sensors ....................................................................146     Accelerometer ........................................................................147     Barometric .............................................................................147     Encoder .................................................................................148     Gas ........................................................................................148     Hall Effect ..............................................................................149     Infrared .................................................................................150     Piezo Buzzer (Knock Sensor) ..................................................150     Sound Sensors .......................................................................151     Tilt Sensors ............................................................................151 Project: Mood Light...................................................................152     Instructions............................................................................154     Mood Lamp Code ..................................................................159 Alt.Project: Kerf Bending ...........................................................162 The Next Chapter ......................................................................163 Chapter 7 Controlling Liquid ................................................... 165 Lesson: Controlling the Flow of Liquid .......................................166     Solenoid Valve .......................................................................166     Pressurized Reservoir ..............................................................167     Peristaltic Pump .....................................................................168 Mini Project: Make a Pressurized Reservoir ................................169     Instructions............................................................................170     Pressurized Reservoir Code .....................................................171 Project: Plant-Watering Robot ...................................................173     Instructions............................................................................175     Plant-Watering Robot Electronics ...........................................179     Plant-Watering Robot Enclosure ............................................181         Adding the Electronics ..................................................................182     Plant-Watering Robot Code ...................................................185 The Next Chapter ......................................................................186 Chapter 8 Tool Bin ................................................................ 187 Maker’s Ultimate Toolbox .........................................................188     Basic Multimeter ....................................................................188     Multitool ...............................................................................189     Measuring Tape .....................................................................190     Soldering Iron .......................................................................190     Digital Caliper ........................................................................191     Scissors..................................................................................192     X-Acto Knives .........................................................................192     Screwdrivers ...........................................................................193     Hardware...............................................................................193     Wire Strippers ........................................................................194     Super Glue .............................................................................195     Mini Flashlight .......................................................................196     Hot Glue Gun ........................................................................196     Magnifying Glass ....................................................................197     Writing Supplies.....................................................................197     Sketchbook ............................................................................198     Charging Cables .....................................................................198 Working with Wood ..................................................................200     Laser Cutter ...........................................................................200         How to Use a Laser Cutter ...........................................................201     Rotary Tool ...........................................................................202     Air Compressor and Attachments ...........................................203     Drill .......................................................................................203     CNC Mill ...............................................................................204         Lasering and CNCing Services .......................................................205     Table Saw ..............................................................................206     Lathe .....................................................................................206     Sander ...................................................................................207 Working with Plastic ..................................................................208     3D Printers ............................................................................209     LEGO ....................................................................................210     Sugru .....................................................................................211     Vacuum Former .....................................................................211     Extruder .................................................................................212     Tamiya ..................................................................................213 Working with Metal ...................................................................214     Plasma Cutter ........................................................................215     Band Saw ..............................................................................216     Grinder ..................................................................................217     Welder ...................................................................................218     Aluminum Building Systems ...................................................219         80/20 .......................................................................................219         MicroRAX ..................................................................................220         OpenBeam .................................................................................221         Makeblock .................................................................................222         VEX ...........................................................................................223 Maker Spaces ............................................................................224 Software....................................................................................228     GIMP .....................................................................................228     Inkscape ................................................................................229     Fritzing ..................................................................................230     KiCad PCB Layout Software ...................................................230     MakerCase .............................................................................231 Electronics Tools and Techniques ..............................................232     Multimeters ...........................................................................233     Harvesting Electronics ............................................................235     Electronics Marking ...............................................................238         Part Numbers .............................................................................238         Datasheets .................................................................................239         Resistor Color Bands ...................................................................240     Schematic Symbols ................................................................241 The Next Chapter ......................................................................242 Chapter 9 Ultrasonic Detection ............................................... 243 Lesson: Ultrasonic Detection .....................................................244     Ultrasonic Sensor Applications ...............................................245 Mini Project: Make an Ultrasonic Night Light .............................245     Ultrasonic Night Light Code ...................................................246 Project: Cat Toy ........................................................................247     Instructions............................................................................250     Enclosure ..............................................................................252 Lathe 101 ..................................................................................269 Lathe Safety ..............................................................................271 The Next Chapter ......................................................................272 Chapter 10 Making Noise ...................................................... 273 Noise in Electronics ...................................................................274     Thingamagoop .......................................................................275     Tactile Metronome .................................................................275     LushOne Synth.......................................................................276 Mini Project: Pushbutton Melody ...............................................278     Instructions............................................................................279     Pushbutton Melody Code .......................................................280 Project: Noisemaker ..................................................................282     Instructions............................................................................283     Noisemaker Code...................................................................293 The Next Chapter ......................................................................294 Chapter 11 Measuring Time ................................................... 295 Time Server ............................................................................295     Arduino’s Timer ....................................................................296     Real-Time Clock (RTC) Module ..............................................297 Mini Project: Digital Clock .........................................................298     Instructions............................................................................300     Digital Clock Code .................................................................301 Project: Indoor Wind Chime ......................................................302     Servo Horns ...........................................................................303     Instructions............................................................................304     Code .....................................................................................316 Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) Tools .........................318 The Next Chapter ......................................................................319 Chapter 12 Safely Working with High Voltage .......................... 321 Lesson: Controlling High Voltage ...............................................322     PowerSwitch Tail ....................................................................322     EMSL Simple Relay Shield ......................................................323     Beefcake Relay Control Board ................................................324 Mini Project: Making a Fan Controller .......................................327     Instructions............................................................................328     Fan Controller Code ...............................................................329 Project: Making a Lava Lamp Buddy .........................................330     Decoding Infrared ..................................................................331     Instructions............................................................................332     Lava Lamp Buddy Code ..........................................................335 The Next Chapter ......................................................................338 Chapter 13 Controlling Motors ............................................... 339 How to Control Motors .............................................................340     Adafruit Motor Shield ............................................................340     Shmalz Haus EasyDriver .........................................................341     Bricktronics MegaShield .........................................................341 Powering Your Motor Using a TIP-120 .......................................342 Alt.Project: Stepper Turner ........................................................344     Instructions............................................................................345     Stepper Turner Code ..............................................................346 Project: BubbleBot ....................................................................347     Instructions............................................................................349     BubbleBot Code ....................................................................356 Glossary 359   9780789748836   TOC   11/1/2013