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Basics in Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Basics in Epidemiology and Biostatistics

          
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About the Book

• Written in a very simple and easy-to-understand manner.
• Covers traditional topics of biostatistics and epidemiology.
• Emphasis is given to study design and the interpretation of results of medical research.
• Explains all statistical concepts in simple terms.
• Pictorial and tabular display of information.
• Incorporates multiple clinical and nonclinical examples.
• Discusses relevant software for sample size calculations.
• Essential book for undergraduate medical and dental students, postgraduates, researchers and clinicians to study statistics applied to medicine.

About the Author

Waqar H Kazmi MD MS (Tufts, Boston) Farida Habib Khan DCH MPH MCPS FCPS



Table of Contents:
1. Introduction to Research 1 What is Research ? 1 Types of Research 1 Steps to Conduct Research 3 Selection of Research Topic 3 Scale for Rating Research Topics 5 Resources of Literature Search 5 2. Study Designs 8 Definition 8 Types of Epidemiological Study Designs 8 Descriptive Observational Studies 10 Analytical or Comparative Studies 1 Analytical Observational Studies 14 Registries 20 Interventional/Experimental Studies 21 Blinding 24 Consent Form 25 Intent to Treat Analysis 25 Quasi-experimental Studies 25 Clinical Trials and their Phases 25 Research Questions and Study Types 27 Meta-analysis 27 3. Sampling Procedure 30 Population 30 Reasons for Sampling 31 Sampling Techniques 31 4. Variables, Data and its Presentation 41 Variables and their Types 41 Data and its Types 42 Tabulation and raphical Presentation of Data 44 5. Biostatistics: Basic 51 Measures of Central Tendency 51 Measures of Variation 52 Standard Error of Mean 54 Normal Distribution 54 6. Estimation and Hypothesis Testing 57 Point Estimate 57 Interval Estimate 57 Hypothesis Testing 57 Introduction to the Scale of Probability 58 Test of Hypothesis 59 Decision Errors 62 7. Measures of Disease Frequency 69 Ratio, Proportion and Rate 69 Prevalence and Incidence 70 Special Types ofIncidence Rates 73 8. Measures of Association 77 Association between Two Continuous Variables 77 Relative Risk and Odds Ratio 84 9. Factors Affecting Study Outcomes 89 Introduction 89 Bias 89 Control of Bias 92 Confounding 92 Effect Modifiers 93 10. Sample Size Estimation 95 Sample Size 95 Sample Size for Single Proportion 95 Sample Size for Single Group Mean 96 Sample Size for Two Proportions 98 Sample Size for Two Group Means 98 Sample Size for Sensitivity and Specificity 101 Suggested Websites for Sample Size Calculator 102 11. Screening 103 Reliability and Validity of a Screening Test 103 Sensitivity and Specificity 104 Predictive Values 105 12. Basic Statistical Tests 110 Unpaired Samples 110 Paired Samples 110 What are Validity and Reliability in Research Findings? 113 13. Overview of Data Collection Techniques 115 Different Data Collection Techniques 115 14. Data Analysis Plan 120 Importance of Data Analysis Plan 121 What Should the Plan Include? 121 15. Synopsis Writing 129 Methodology 129 Plan for Analysis of Results 130 Title/Topic 130 Introduction 130 16. Dissertation Writing 151 Steps in Writing a Dissertation 151 Title 152 Table of Content 152 Title Page 152 Abstract 152 Introduction 152 Hypothesis 153 Study Objective 153 Subjects/Material and Methods 153 Results 153 Discussion 154 Optional Components 154 References 155 Annexes 155 The Whole Manuscript/Dissertation Should be in Past Tense 155 Sample of Title Page 155 17. Reference Writing 157 Citing a Journal Article 157 Title of Journal Article 158 Journal’s Title 158 Citing a Book Reference 159 Other Authors 161 Dissertation Reference 161 Citing Internet and other Electronic Sources 161 18. Guidelines for Consent Writing 164 General Ethical Principles 164 Guidelines for Drafting an Informed Consent Form 166 Important Notes 168 19. Consent to Participate in Research (Sample) 169 Title or Paraphrased Title of the Study 169 Purpose of the Study 169 Procedures 169 Potential Risks and Discomforts 170 Potential Benefits to Subjects and/or to Society 170 For Biomedical Studies only, Add the Following Section Here 172 Identification of Investigators 172 Rights of Research Subjects 173


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9789351526315
  • Publisher: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Height: 216 mm
  • No of Pages: 194
  • Spine Width: mm
  • Width: 140 mm
  • ISBN-10: 9351526313
  • Publisher Date: 20 Oct 2014
  • Edition: 1
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 225 gr


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