PEATE'S BODY SYSTEMS THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
A CONCISE, ILLUSTRATED, AND ACCESSIBLE GUIDE TO THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Each of the twelve volumes in Peate's Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Offering clear, accessible and up-to-date information on different body systems, this series bridges the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in health and care settings. This series makes for an invaluable resource for those committed to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life.
The Musculoskeletal System is the perfect companion for students and newly registered practitioners across nursing and allied health fields with an interest in musculoskeletal care, providing a comprehensive yet easy-to-digest guide for both academic and clinical application.
- Equips healthcare students and practitioners with the necessary information to provide safe and competent care
- Features colourful illustrations to aid comprehension, clarify complicated concepts, and render content more engaging and accessible
- Empowers readers to adapt to a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, preparing them for the future of healthcare delivery
- Contains information necessary for effective patient care of those with osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, bone cancer, and other musculoskeletal diseases and conditions
Table of Contents:
Preface viii
Acknowledgements x
1 Anatomy and Physiology: The Musculoskeletal System 1
Muscles 1
Muscle Tissues 2
Properties of Muscle Tissue 5
Bone 6
The Skeleton 6
Bone as Connective Tissue 10
Osteoblasts 11
Osteoclasts 11
Osteocytes 11
Cartilage 12
Ligaments 12
Tendons 13
The Formation of Bone 13
Bone Growth 13
Bone Remodelling 14
Bone Fractures 15
Bone Shapes 17
Joints 20
Movements 20
Fibrous Joints 21
Cartilaginous Joints 21
Synovial Joints 22
Hinge 22
Pivot 22
Ball and Socket 24
Condyloid 24
Saddle 24
Gliding 24
Fixed Joints 24
Conclusion 24
Glossary of Terms 24
Multiple Choice Questions 26
References 27
2 Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System 28
Kinesiology 28
Assessing Needs 30
Bones 30
Muscles 30
Joints 30
Ligaments and Tendons 30
Anatomical Terms Used in Assessment 30
Principles of Assessment 34
The Health History 36
Biographical Data 36
Current Health Status 36
Balance and Coordination Problems 37
Past Health History 39
Family History 40
Review of Systems 40
Psychosocial Profile 40
The Physical Examination 41
Method 42
Carrying Out a Musculoskeletal Physical Assessment 42
Balance 43
Coordination 43
Accuracy of Movements 43
Taking Limb Measurements 44
Assessing Joints and Muscles 44
Abnormal Findings 45
Conclusion 47
Glossary of Terms 47
Multiple Choice Questions 48
References 49
3 Osteoarthritis 51
Arthritis 51
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Osteoarthritis 52
Epidemiology 53
Risk Factors 54
Clinical Presentation 55
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 60
Management 64
Pharmacological Approaches 65
Intra-articular Injections 65
Surgery 66
Health Teaching 66
Conclusion 68
Glossary of Terms 68
Multiple Choice Questions 69
References 70
Bone Mineral Density 76
Transgender 77
Epidemiology 77
Risk Factors 79
Clinical Presentation 80
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 81
Management 84
Treatment of Fractures 86
Health Teaching 87
Conclusion 88
Glossary of Terms 88
Multiple Choice Questions 89
References 90
5 Rheumatoid Arthritis 92
Autoimmune Disorders 92
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis 93
Epidemiology 95
Risk Factors 96
Clinical Presentation 97
Extra-articular Manifestations 99
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 100
Management 104
Health Teaching 107
Conclusion 107
Glossary of Terms 107
Multiple Choice Questions 108
References 110
4 Osteoporosis 72
Bone Health 72
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Osteoporosis 73
Fragility Fractures 74
6 Bone Cancer 111
Musculoskeletal Oncology 111
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Primary Bone Cancer 111
Epidemiology 115
Risk Factors 116
Clinical Presentation 118
Grading and Staging 119
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 120
Management 126
Health Teaching 127
Conclusion 127
Glossary of Terms 128
Multiple Choice Questions 128
References 130
7 Gout 131
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Gout 131
Epidemiology 134
Risk Factors 134
Clinical Presentation 136
Complications 138
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 139
Management 142
Comorbidity Management 143
Health Teaching 144
Conclusion 145
Glossary of Terms 145
Multiple Choice Questions 146
References 147
8 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 149
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome 149
Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 149
Epidemiology 150
Risk Factors 151
Clinical Presentation 152
Stage 1 155
Stage 2 155
Stage 3 155
Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 155
Management 159
Health Teaching 161
Conclusion 162
Glossary of Terms 162
Multiple Choice Questions 163
References 164
MCQ Answers 166
Index 167
