Teaching cell biology can be a daunting task because the field is so vast and rapidly moving, characterized by a continual explosion of new information. The challenge is how to teach students the fundamental concepts without becoming bogged down in details. Students need to understand the principles of cell biology and be able to appreciate new advances, rather than just memorizing "the facts" as we see them today. At the same time, the material must be presented in sufficient depth to thoughtfully engage students and provide a sound basis for further studies. The Cell, Seventh Edition, provides a balance of concepts and details that meets the needs of today's students and their teachers. Written by an active scientist and experienced educator, this textbook combines readability and cohesiveness with comprehensive and up-to-date science.In keeping with prior editions, the new seventh edition:- Is ideally suited in length and complexity for sophomore- and junior-level courses at the undergraduate level.- Can be covered in a single semester. Students can master the material in its entirety, rather than sampling a small fraction from a much larger text.- Is written in an efficient and compact style, covering a broad range of material in a direct and pedagogically approachable manner.- Focuses on the molecular biology of cells as a unifying theme, with topics such as developmental biology, the nervous system, the immune system, and plant biology being discussed as examples of more general principles.- Features "Key Experiment" and "Molecular Medicine" boxes that highlight the experimental nature of molecular and cellular biology and convey the excitement and medical relevance of research in this area.For the StudentCompanion WebsiteThe Cell, Seventh Edition, Companion Website provides students with a wide range of study and review materials, rich multimedia resources, and online quizzing. The site is available free of charge (no access code required) and includes the following resources:* NEW! Videos: A new collection of online videos (referenced throughout the book) helps students visualize complex cellular and molecular structures and processes.* Online Quizzes: Two sets of online quiz questions are available for each chapter, both of which are assignable by the instructor.- Multiple-choice quizzes test comprehension of the chapter's key material.- Free-response questions ask students to apply what they have learned from the chapter.* Animations: Narrated animations help students better grasp key complex topics and processes.* Micrographs: Interactive versions of the many micrographs in the book, illustrating cellular structure.* Flashcards & Key Terms: A great way for students to learn and review the key terminology introduced in each chapter.* Chapter Summaries* Web Links* Complete glossaryFor Instructors (available to qualified adopters)Instructor's Resource LibraryThe seventh edition Instructor's Resource Library includes a wide range of digital resources to aid instructors in planning the course, presenting lectures, and assessing students. The IRL includes the following resources:* NEW! Data Analysis Problems: New for the seventh edition, this set of over seventy problems presents students with real-world analysis exercises. Each problem is built around figures and data from specific published papers, and students are challenged to interpret the figures, analyze data, and explain methods and results. Complete answers and explanations are provided. Ideal for use as in-class exercises or as homework assignments.* Textbook Figures & Tables: All available as both high- and low-resolution JPEGs* PowerPoint Resources:- Figures and tables- Complete lecture presentations- Supplemental photos* Animations: The entire collection of animations from the Companion Website, for use in lecture* Supplemental Photos: Over 100 additional micrographs* Online Quiz Questions: Multiple-choice and free-response questions from the Companion Website, with answers and feedback* The complete Test File, in Microsoft Word and Diploma formats (see below for details)* Chapter Outlines and Key TermsTest File (available in the Instructor's Resource Library)Revised and updated for the seventh edition, the Test File includes a collection of over 1,300 multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, true/false, and short-answer questions covering the full range of content in every chapter. New for the Seventh Edition, all questions are referenced to Bloom's Taxonomy, making it easier for instructors to select the specific types of questions they want when building an assessment.Computerized Test Bank (available in the Instructor's Resource Library)The entire test file plus all of the online quiz questions are provided in Blackboard's Diploma software. Diploma makes it easy to assemble quizzes and exams from any combination of publisher-provided questions and instructor-created questions. In addition, quizzes and exams can be exported to many different course management systems, such as Blackboard and Moodle.Online QuizzesThe Cell's Companion Website features pre-built chapter quizzes (see above) that report into an online gradebook. Adopting instructors have access to these quizzes and can choose to either assign them or let students use them for review. (Instructors must register in order for their students to be able to take the quizzes.) Instructors also have the ability to add their own questions and create their own quizzes.

Table of Contents:
PART I. FUNDAMENTALS AND FOUNDATIONS Chapter 1. An Overview of Cells and Cell Research The Origin and Evolution of Cells The first cell The evolution of metabolism Present-day prokaryotes Eukaryotic cells The origin of eukaryotes The development of multicellular organisms Cells as Experimental Models E. Coli Yeasts Caenorhabditis elegans Drosophila melanogaster Arabidopsis thaliana Vertebrates Tools of Cell Biology Light microscopy Electron microscopy Super-resolution light microscopy Subcellular fractionation Growth of animal cells in culture Key Experiment: HeLa Cells Culture of plant cells Viruses Molecular Medicine: Viruses and Cancer Chapter 2. Molecules and Membranes The Molecules of Cells Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins Key Experiment: The Folding of Polypeptide Chains Enzymes as Biological Catalysts The catalytic activity of enzymes Mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis Coenzymes Regulation of enzyme activity Cell Membranes Membrane lipids Membrane proteins Key Experiment: The Structure of Cell Membranes Transport across cell membranes Chapter 3. Bioenergetics and Metabolism Metabolic Energy and ATP Free energy and ATP Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle The derivation of energy from lipids Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation The electron transport chain Chemiosmotic coupling Key Experiment: The Chemiosmotic Theory Photosynthesis Electron transport ATP synthesis Synthesis of glucose The Biosynthesis of Cell Constituents Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Key Experiment: Antimetabolites and Chemotherapy Nucleic acids Chapter 4. Fundamentals of Molecular Biology Heredity, Genes, and DNA Genes and chromosomes Genes and enzymes Identification of DNA as the genetic material The structure of DNA Replication of DNA Expression of Genetic Information Colinearity of genes and proteins The role of messenger RNA The genetic code RNA viruses and reverse transcription Key Experiment: The DNA Provirus Hypothesis Recombinant DNA Restriction endonucleases Generation of recombinant DNA molecules Vectors for recombinant DNA DNA sequencing Expression of cloned genes Detection of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Amplification of DNA by the polymerase chain reaction Nucleic acid hybridization Antibodies as probes for proteins Gene Function in Eukaryotes Gene transfer in plants and animals Mutagenesis of cloned DNAs Introducing mutations into cellular genes Genome engineering by the CRISPR/Cas system Interfering with cellular gene expression Key Experiment: RNA Interference Chapter 5. Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology Genomes and Transcriptomes The genomes of bacteria and yeast The genomes of Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Arabidopsis thaliana The human genome The genomes of other vertebrates Key Experiment: The Human Genome Next-generation sequencing and personal genomes Global analysis of gene expression Proteomics Identification of cell proteins Global analysis of protein localization Protein interactions Systems Biology Systematic screens of gene function Regulation of gene expression Networks Synthetic biology Molecular Medicine: Malaria and Synthetic Biology PART II. THE FLOW OF GENETIC INFORMATION Chapter 6. Genes and Genomes The Structure of Eukaryotic Genes Introns and exons Key Experiment: The Discovery of Introns Roles of introns Noncoding Sequences Key Experiment: The ENCODE Project Noncoding RNAs Repetitive sequences Gene duplication and pseudogenes Chromosomes and Chromatin Chromatin Centromeres Telomeres Chapter 7. Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic DNA DNA Replication DNA polymerases The replication fork The fidelity of replication Origins and the initiation of replication Telomeres and telomerase: Maintaining the ends of chromosomes DNA Repair Direct reversal of DNA damage Excision repair Translesion DNA synthesis Molecular Medicine: Colon Cancer and DNA Repair Repair of double-strand breaks DNA Rearrangements Yeast mating types Antibody genes Key Experiment: Rearrangement of Immunoglobulin Genes Gene amplification Chapter 8. RNA Synthesis and Processing Transcription in Bacteria RNA polymerase and transcription Repressors and negative control of transcription Positive control of transcription Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and General Transcription Factors Eukaryotic RNA polymerases General transcription factors and initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Transcription by RNA polymerases I and III Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes cis-acting regulatory sequences: promoters and enhancers Transcription factor binding sites Transcriptional regulatory proteins Key Experiment : Isolation of a Eukaryotic Transcription Factor Structure and function of transcriptional activators Eukaryotic repressors Regulation of elongation Chromatin and Epigenetics Histone modifications Chromatin remodeling factors Histones and epigenetic inheritance DNA methylation Noncoding RNAs RNA Processing and Turnover Processing of ribosomal and transfer RNAs Processing of mRNA in eukaryotes Splicing mechanisms Key Experiment: The Discovery of snRNPs Alternative splicing RNA editing RNA degradation Chapter 9. Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation Translation of mRNA Transfer RNAs The ribosome The organization of mRNAs and the initiation of translation The process of translation Regulation of translation Protein Folding and Processing Chaperones and protein folding Protein misfolding diseases Molecular Medicine: Alzheimer's Disease Enzymes that catalyze protein folding Protein cleavage Glycosylation Attachment of lipids Regulation of Protein Function Regulation by small molecules Protein phosphorylation and other modifications Key Experiment: The Discovery of Tyrosine Kinases Protein-protein interactions Protein Degradation The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway Lysosomal proteolysis PART III. CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Chapter 10. The Nucleus The Nuclear Envelope and Traffic between the Nucleus and the Cytoplasm Structure of the nuclear envelope Molecular Medicine: Nuclear Lamina Diseases The nuclear pore complex Selective transport of proteins to and from the nucleus Key Experiment: Identification of Nuclear Localization Signals Transport of RNAs Regulation of nuclear protein import The Organization of Chromosomes Chromosome territories Chromatin localization and transcriptional activity Replication and transcription factories Nuclear Bodies The nucleolus and rRNA Polycomb bodies: Centers of transcriptional repression Cajal bodies and speckles: Processing and storage of snRNPs Chapter 11. Protein Sorting and Transport: The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, and Lysosomes The Endoplasmic Reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum and protein secretion Targeting proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum Key Experiment: The Signal Hypothesis Insertion of proteins into the ER membrane Protein folding and processing in the ER Quality control in the ER The smooth ER and lipid synthesis Export of proteins and lipids from the ER The Golgi Apparatus Organization of the Golgi Protein glycosylation within the Golgi Lipid and polysaccharide metabolism in the Golgi Protein sorting and export from the Golgi apparatus The Mechanism of Vesicular Transport Experimental approaches to understanding vesicular transport Cargo selection, coat proteins, and vesicle budding Vesicle fusion Lysosomes Lysosomal acid hydrolases Molecular Medicine: Gaucher Disease Endocytosis and lysosome formation Phagocytosis and autophagy Chapter 12. Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes Mitochondria Organization and function of mitochondria The genetic system of mitochondria Molecular Medicine: Diseases of Mitochondria: Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Protein import and mitochondrial assembly Mitochondrial lipids Transport of metabolites across the inner membrane Chloroplasts and Other Plastids The structure and function of chloroplasts The chloroplast genome Import and sorting of chloroplast proteins Other plastids Peroxisomes Functions of peroxisomes Peroxisome assembly Molecular Medicine: Peroxisome Biogenesis Disorders Chapter 13. The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement Structure and Organization of Actin Filaments Assembly and disassembly of actin filaments Organization of actin filaments Association of actin filaments with the plasma membrane Microvilli Cell surface protrusions and cell movement Myosin Motors Muscle contraction Contractile assemblies of actin and myosin in nonmuscle cells Unconventional myosins Microtubules Structure and dynamic organization of microtubules Assembly of microtubules Organization of microtubules within cells Microtubule Motors and Movement Microtubule motor proteins Key Experiment: The Isolation of Kinesin Cargo transport and intracellular organization Cilia and flagella Reorganization of microtubules during mitosis Chromosome movement Intermediate Filaments Intermediate filament proteins Assembly of intermediate filaments Intracellular organization of intermediate filaments Functions of intermediate filaments: Keratins and diseases of the skin Key Experiment: Expression of Mutant Keratin Causes Abnormal Skin Development Chapter 14. The Plasma Membrane Structure of the Plasma Membrane The lipid bilayer Plasma membrane proteins Plasma membrane domains Transport of Small Molecules Facilitated diffusion and carrier proteins Ion channels Active transport driven by ATP hydrolysis Molecular Medicine: Cystic Fibrosis Active transport driven by ion gradients Endocytosis Phagocytosis Clathrin-mediated endocytosis Key Experiment: The LDL Receptor Clathrin-independent endocytosis Chapter 15. Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions Cell Walls Bacterial cell walls Eukaryotic cell walls The Extracellular Matrix and Cell-Matrix Interactions Matrix structural proteins Matrix polysaccharides Adhesion proteins Cell-matrix interactions Key Experiment: The Characterization of Integrin Cell-Cell Interactions Adhesion junctions Tight junctions Gap junctions Molecular Medicine: Gap Junction Diseases Plasmodesmata PART IV. CELL REGULATION Chapter 16. Cell Signaling Signaling Molecules and Their Receptors Modes of cell-cell signaling Steroid hormones and the nuclear receptor superfamily Nitric oxide and carbon monoxide Neurotransmitters Peptide hormones and growth factors Eicosanoids Plant hormones G Proteins and Cyclic AMP Signaling G proteins and G protein-coupled receptors Key Experiment: G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Odor Detection The cAMP pathway: Second messengers and protein phosphorylation Cyclic GMP Tyrosine Kinases and Signaling by MAP Kinase, PI 3-Kinase, and Phospholipase C/Calcium Pathways Receptor tyrosine kinases Nonreceptor tyrosine kinases Molecular Medicine: Cancer: Signal Transduction and the ras Oncogenes MAP kinase pathways The PI 3-kinase/Akt and mTOR pathways Phospholipase C and Ca2+ Receptors Coupled to Transcription Factors The TGF-?/Smad pathway NF-?B signaling The Hedgehog, Wnt, and Notch pathways Signaling Dynamics and Networks Feedback loops and signaling dynamics Networks and crosstalk Chapter 17. The Cell Cycle The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Phases of the cell cycle Regulation of the cell cycle by cell growth and extracellular signals Cell cycle checkpoints Regulators of Cell Cycle Progression Protein kinases and cell cycle regulation Key Experiment: The Discovery of MPF Key Experiment: The Identification of Cyclin Families of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases Growth factors and the regulation of G1 Cdk's S phase and regulation of DNA replication DNA damage checkpoints The Events of M Phase Stages of mitosis Entry into mitosis The spindle assembly checkpoint and progression to anaphase Cytokinesis Meiosis and Fertilization The process of meiosis Regulation of oocyte meiosis Fertilization Chapter 18. Cell Death and Cell Renewal Programmed Cell Death The events of apoptosis Key Experiment: Identification of Genes Required for Programmed Cell Death Caspases: The executioners of apoptosis Central regulators of apoptosis: The Bcl-2 family Signaling pathways that regulate apoptosis Alternative pathways of programmed cell death Stem Cells and the Maintenance of Adult Tissues Proliferation of differentiated cells Stem cells Medical applications of adult stem cells Pluripotent Stem Cells, Cellular Reprogramming, and Regenerative Medicine Embryonic stem cells Key Experiment: Culture of Embryonic Stem Cells Somatic cell nuclear transfer Induced pluripotent stem cells Transdifferentiation of somatic cells Chapter 19. Cancer The Development and Causes of Cancer Types of cancer The development of cancer Causes of cancer Properties of cancer cells Transformation of cells in culture Tumor Viruses Hepatitis B and C viruses Small DNA tumor viruses Herpesviruses Retroviruses Oncogenes Retroviral oncogenes Proto-oncogenes Key Experiment: The Discovery of Proto-Oncogenes Oncogenes in human cancer Functions of oncogene products Tumor Suppressor Genes Identification of tumor suppressor genes Functions of tumor suppressor gene products Cancer genomics Molecular Approaches to Cancer Treatment Prevention and early detection Treatment Molecular Medicine: Imatinib: Cancer Treatment Targeted against the bcr/abl Oncogene Answers to Questions Glossary Illustration Credits Index