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Home > History and Archaeology > History > Changes in Shade, Color, and Pattern in Fishes, and Their Bearing on the Problems of Adaptation and Behavior, with Especial Reference to the Flounders Paralichthys and Ancylopsetta: (English)
Changes in Shade, Color, and Pattern in Fishes, and Their Bearing on the Problems of Adaptation and Behavior, with Especial Reference to the Flounders Paralichthys and Ancylopsetta: (English)

Changes in Shade, Color, and Pattern in Fishes, and Their Bearing on the Problems of Adaptation and Behavior, with Especial Reference to the Flounders Paralichthys and Ancylopsetta: (English)

          
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 Excerpt: ...on backgrounds containing small black dots, of such a number as to produce relatively few black spots in the skin. For example, Paralichihys, individual (B), on a white background containing black dots 2 mm. in diameter and 10 mm. apart, regularly had in the skin a number of distinct black spots (fig. 54), but when examined in artificial light, at 10 p. m. on two different occasions, not a trace of these spots was found. Ancylopsetta becomes much darker at night. This was repeatedly seen in various specimens in the colored boxes. Verrill (1897) observed similar phenomena in other forms. I was unable, however, to see any change in Paralichihys in the same boxes with Ancylopsetta. Moreover, both in Paralichihys and in Ancylopsetta, the shade assumed on any given background is the same in direct as it is in diffused sunlight. It, therefore, seems well established, at least for Paralichihys, that the shade assumed by the animal is independent of the intensity of the light. How is it possible to explain this phenomenon? UGHT REFLECTED FROM THE SKIN AS A FACTOR IN ADAPTATION. Sumner says (1911, p. 463) that to account for adaptation in shade "we are limited to two alternative explanations: Either (1) the fish takes into account the degree of illumination, just as we do, and makes due allowance for this in judging of the paleness or darkness of the background; or (2) 1: makes a direct visual comparison between its own surface and that of the background and endeavors to bring the former into harmony with the latter." To test the second hypothesis he made numerous observations on specimens, some of which had an opaque cloth fastened over them so as to conceal all but the eyes, and others had the pigmented surface stained. The results of all of these experi...


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781150902383
  • Publisher: Rarebooksclub.com
  • Publisher Imprint: Rarebooksclub.com
  • Height: 246 mm
  • No of Pages: 36
  • Series Title: English
  • Weight: 82 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1150902388
  • Publisher Date: 01 May 2012
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 2 mm
  • Width: 189 mm

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Changes in Shade, Color, and Pattern in Fishes, and Their Bearing on the Problems of Adaptation and Behavior, with Especial Reference to the Flounders Paralichthys and Ancylopsetta: (English)
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