This book presents complex biochemical concepts in accessible language to help understand how molecular structures and interactions sustain life processes and covers biomolecular chemistry, at par with the Choice Based Credit System and NEP 2020 syllabus across India. The book contains six chapters examining the essential molecules in biological systems, and includes themes such as:

• Carbohydrate chemistry, including classifications, stereochemistry, and structural analysis.
• Nucleic acids, detailing DNA and RNA structure and biological processes like replication and transcription.
• Amino acids, peptides, and proteins, including their synthesis, properties, and structure determination.
• Enzymes, their classification, mechanisms, and factors affecting activity. Chapter 5 explores lipids and their biological functions.
• Bioenergetics, ATP, metabolism, glycolysis, and the Krebs cycle.

This title has been co-published with Manakin Press. Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the print edition in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.

1. Carbohydrates

· Stereoisomerism in Carbohydrates

· Monosaccharides

· Mutarotation

· Epimers

· Reactions of Monosaccharides

· Synthesis and Degradation of Monosaccharides

· Glucose

· Fischer’s Proof of the Configuration of D-(+)-Glucose

· Fructose

· Disaccharides
2. Nucleic Acids

· Structure Determination of Nucleic Acids

· Synthesis of Adenine

· Guanine

· Properties of Purine and Its Derivatives

· Pyrimidine Bases

· Properties of Pyrimidine and Its Derivatives

· Nucleosides

· Nucleotides

· Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

· Polynucleotides or Nucleic Acid

· Structure of DNA

· Postulates of Watson and Crick Model of DNA

· Base Pairing in DNA

· Different Conformations of DNA

· Replication

· Structure of RNA

· Transcription

· Translation
3. Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins

· Amino Acids

· Types of Amino Acids

· Classification of Amino Acids

· Structure of Amino Acids

· Optical Activity of Amino Acids

· Synthesis of Amino Acids

· Daraspsky Synthesis

· Physical Properties of Amino Acids

· Electrophoresis

· Separation of Amino Acids by Paper Electrophoresis

· Separation of Amino Acids by Paper Chromatography

· Isoelectric Point

· Chemical Properties of Amino Acids

· Peptides

· N-terminal Residue and C-terminal Residue

· Naming of Peptide

· Structure Determination of Peptide or Proteins

· Complete Hydrolysis of Protein or Peptide

· End Group of Analysis of Peptide or Protein

· N-terminal Analysis

· C-terminal Analysis

· Partial Hydrolysis of Peptide

· Other Methods for Selective Cleavage

· Synthesis of Peptide

· C-protecting Groups

· Protection of Side Chain

· Activation of Carboxylic Group

· Activated Ester Method

· Azide Method

· Anhydride Methods

· DCC Method

· Merrifield Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis

· Proteins

· Average Molecular Weight of Protein

· Classification of Proteins

· Denaturation of Proteins

· Structure of Proteins

· Test of Proteins
4. Enzymes and Correlation with Drug Action

· Definition

· Chemical Nature

· Properties of The Enzymes

· Classification of The Enzymes

· Mode of Enzyme Action

· Michaelis-Menton

· Chymotrypsin Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Peptide Bond

· Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

· Enzymes Specificity

· Inhibition of Enzymes

· Coenzyme and Cofactor

· Drug–Receptor Interactions

· Interactions (Forces) Involved in The Drug-Receptor (DR) Complex

· The Theories for Drug-Receptor (DR) Interactions

· The Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR)
5. Lipids

· Classification of Lipids

· Fatty Acids

· Nomenclature of Fatty Acids

· Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids

· Essential Fatty Acids

· Physical Properties of Fatty Acids

· Triacylglycerols

· Chemical Reactions pf Triacylglycerols

· Hydrogenation

· Rancidification

· Oxidation

· Reichert-Meissl Number

· Waxes

· Hospholipids

· Sphingoglycolipids

· Cholesterol

· Cell Membrane (Lipid Bilayer)

· Steroid Hormones

· Lipoprotein

· Liposomes
6. Oxidation of Foodstuff (Organic Molecules) as a source of Energy for Cell

· Metabolism

· ATP: Universal Currency of Cellular Energy

· ATP Hydrolysis and Free Energy

· Conversion of Food Into Energy

· Metabolic Pathway of Carbohydrates

· Glycolysis

· Fermentation

· Krebs Cycle or Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA)

· Interrelationship Between Various Metabolic

· Pathways of Proteins, Fats and Carbohydrates

· Calorific Value of The Food

Index