This book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th China National Conference on Computational Linguistics, CCL 2016, and the 4th International Symposium on Natural Language Processing Based on Naturally Annotated Big Data, NLP-NABD 2016, held in Yantai City, China, in October 2016.  The 29 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 85 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: semantics; machine translation; multilinguality in NLP; knowledge graph and information extraction; linguistic resource annotation and evaluation; information retrieval and question answering; text classification and summarization; social computing and sentiment analysis; and NLP applications.

Table of Contents:
Semantics.- Improving Chinese Semantic Role Labeling with English Proposition Bank.- Transition-based Chinese Semantic Dependency Graph Parsing.- Improved Graph-based Dependency Parsing via Hierarchical LSTM Networks.- Machine Translation.- Error Analysis of English-Chinese Machine Translation.- I Can Guess What You Mean: A Monolingual Query Enhancement for Machine Translation.- Keeping the Meanings of the Source Text: An introduction to Yes Translate.- Sentence Alignment Method Based on Maximum Entropy Model Using Anchor Sentences.- Using Collaborative Training Method to build Vietnamese Dependency Treebank.- Multilinguality in NLP.- A Novel Approach to Improve the Mongolian Language Model using Intermediate Characters.- Improved Joint Kazakh POS Tagging and Chunking.- Coping with problems of Unicoded Traditional Mongolian.- Tibetan Person Attributes Extraction Based on BP Neural Network.- Semi-supervised Learning for Mongolian Morphological Segmentation.- Investigation and use of methods for defining the extends of similarity of Kazakh language sentences.- Knowledge graph and information extraction.- Recognizing Biomedical Named Entities Based on the Sentence Vector/Twin Word Embeddings Conditioned Bidirectional LSTM.- Definition Extraction with LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks.- Event Extraction via Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Tensor Neural Networks.- Chinese Hedge Scope Detection Based on Structure and Semantic Information.- Combining Event-level and Cross-event Semantic Information for Event-Oriented Relation Classification by SCNN.- Linguistic resource annotation and evaluation.- The Constitution of a Fine-Grained Opinion Annotated Corpus on Weibo.- The Construction of a Customized Medical Corpus for Assisting Chinese Clinicians in English Research Article Writing.- Pages Information retrieval and question answering.- Topic-Sentiment Mining from Multiple Text Collections.- A New Focus Strategy for Efficient DialogManagement.- Text classification and summarization.- Recognizing Textual Entailment via Multi-task Knowledge Assisted LSTM.- Multilingual Multi-document Summarization with Enhanced hLDA Features.- News Abridgement Algorithm Based on Word Alignment and Syntactic Parsing.- A Hierarchical LSTM Model for Joint Tasks.- Enhancing Neural Disfluency Detection with Hand-crafted Features.- Social computing and sentiment analysis.- Active Learning for Age Regression in Social Media.- A Novel Approach for Discovering Local Community Structure in Networks.- Identifying Suspected Cybermob on Tieba.- Chinese Sentiment Analysis Exploiting Heterogeneous Segmentations.- Towards Scalable Emotion Classification in Microblog Based on Noisy Training Data.- NLP Applications.- A Bootstrapping Approach to Symptom Entity Extraction on Chinese Electronic Medical Records.- Automatic Naming of Speakers in Video via Name-Face Mapping.- Image Tag Recommendation via Deep Cross-modal Correlation Mining.- Is Local Window Essential for Neural Network based Chinese Word Segmentation .