Here are all the CompTIA Linux+/LPIC-1 Linux commands you need in one condensed, portable resource. The CompTIA Linux+/LPIC-1 Portable Command Guide is filled with valuable, easy-to-access information and is portable enough to use wherever your work takes you. The guide summarizes all Linux+/LPIC-1 certification-level Linux commands, keywords, command arguments, and associated prompts, and provides tips and examples of how to apply them to real-world scenarios. Configuration examples throughout the book provide you with a better understanding of how these commands are used in real-world environments. This book reflects topics in today’s CompTIA LX0-103 & LX0-104 and LPI 101-400 & 102-400 exams. Use this quick reference resource to help you memorize commands and concepts as you work to pass any of these CompTIA or LPI certification exams. The book is organized into these parts: Exam LX0-103/LPI 101-400 Part I: System Architecture Part II: Linux Installation and Package Management Part III: GNU and Unix Commands Part IV: Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard Exam LX0-104/LPI 102-400 Part V: Shells, Scripting, and Data Management Part VI: User Interfaces and Desktops Part VII: Administrative Tasks Part VIII: Essential System Services Part IX: Networking Fundamentals Part X: Securityuick, offline access to all CompTIA Linux+/LPI LPIC-1 commands for research and solutions Logical how-to topic groupings for a one-stop resource Great for review before your Linux+ or LPIC-1 certification exams Compact size makes it easy to carry with you, wherever you go “Create Your Own Journal” appendix with blank, lined pages allows you to personalize the book for your needs “What Do You Want to Do?” chart inside front cover helps you to quickly reference specific tasks

Table of Contents:
Introduction xxvi Part I: System Architecture CHAPTER 1 Determine and Confi gure Hardware Settings 1     /sys 1         Key Files and Directories in /sys 1     /proc 1         Key Files and Directories in /proc 2     /dev 2         Key Files in /dev 2     modprobe 3         Key Options for the modprobe Command 3     lsmod 3         Output of the lsmod Command 3     lspci 4         Key Options for the lspci Command 4     lsusb 5         Key Options for the lsusb Command 5 CHAPTER 2 Boot the System 7     The Boot Sequence 7     Common Commands for the Boot Loader 8     Options for the Kernel at Boot Time 8     SysVinit 9     Systemd 10     Upstart 11     Boot Events in the Log Files 11     dmesg 12 CHAPTER 3 Change Runlevels / Boot Targets and Shut Down or Reboot System 13     Set the Default Runlevel or Boot Target 13     Change between Runlevels / Boot Targets, Including Single-User Mode 14     Shut Down and Reboot from the Command Line 14     Alert Users Before Switching Runlevels / Boot Targets or Other Major System Events 15     Properly Terminate Processes 15     /etc/inittab 16     shutdown 16     init 16     /etc/init.d/ 16     telinit 16     systemd 16     systemctl 16     /etc/systemd/ 16     /usr/lib/systemd/ 16     wall 16 Part II: Linux Installation and Package Management CHAPTER 4 Design Hard Disk Layout 19     Allocate Filesystems and Swap Space to Separate Partitions or Disks 19     Tailor the Design to the Intended Use of the System 19     Ensure the /boot Partition Conforms to the Hardware Architecture Requirements for Booting 20     Knowledge of Basic features of LVM 20     / (root) Filesystem 22     /var Filesystem 22     /home Filesystem 23     /boot Filesystem 23     Swap Space 23     Mount Points 23     Partitions 23 CHAPTER 5 Install a Boot Manager 25     Providing Alternative Boot Locations and Backup Boot Options 25     Install and Configure a Boot Loader Such As GRUB Legacy 25     Perform Basic Configuration Changes for GRUB 2 26     Interact with the Boot Loader 26     menu.lst, grub.cfg, and grub.conf 28     grub-install 30     grub-mkconfig 30     MBR 31 CHAPTER 6 Manage Shared Libraries 33     Identify Shared Libraries 33     Identify the Typical Locations of System Libraries 33     Load Shared Libraries 33     ldd 34     ldconfig 34     /etc/ld.so.conf 35     LD_LIBRARY_PATH 36 CHAPTER 7 Use Debian Package Management 37     Install, Upgrade, and Uninstall Debian Binary Packages 37     Find Packages Containing Specific Files or Libraries that May or May Not Be Installed 37     Obtain Package Information Such As Version, Content, Dependencies, Package Integrity, and Installation Status (Whether or Not the Package Is Installed) 38     /etc/apt/sources.list 38     dpkg 39     dpkg-reconfigure 39     apt-get 40     apt-cache 40     aptitude 41 CHAPTER 8 Use RPM and YUM Package Management 43     Install, Reinstall, Upgrade, and Remove Packages Using RPM and YUM 43     Obtain Information on RPM Packages Such As Version, Status, Dependencies, Integrity, and Signatures 43     Determine What Files a Package Provides, as Well as Find Which Package a Specific File Comes From 44     rpm 44     rpm2cpio 45     /etc/yum.conf 46     /etc/yum.repos.d/ 46     yum 47     yumdownloader 48 Part III: GNU and Unix Commands CHAPTER 9 Work on the Command Line 49     Use Single Shell Commands and One-Line Command Sequences to Perform Basic Tasks on the Command Line 49     Use and Modify the Shell Environment, Including Defining, Referencing, and Exporting Environment Variables 50     Use and Edit Command History 51     Invoke Commands Inside and Outside the Defined Path 52     bash 52     echo 52     env 53     export 53     pwd 54     set 55     unset 55     man 55     uname 57     history 57     .bash_history 58 CHAPTER 10 Process Text Streams Using Filters 59     cat 59     cut 60     expand 60     fmt 61     head 62     join 62     less 62     nl 63     od 63     paste 63     pr 64     sed 64     sort 66     split 67     tail 67     tr 68     unexpand 69     uniq 69     wc 69 CHAPTER 11 Perform Basic File Management 71     Copy, Move, and Remove Files and Directories Individually 71     Copy Multiple Files and Directories Recursively 72     Remove Files and Directories Recursively 72     Use Simple and Advanced Wildcard Specifications in Commands 72     Using find to Locate and Act on Files Based on Type, Size, or Time 72     Usage of tar, cpio, and dd 72     cp 72     find 73     mkdir 75     mv 75     ls 76     rm 77     rmdir 77     touch 77     tar 78     cpio 78     dd 79     file 79     gzip 79     gunzip 80     bzip2 80     xz 81     File Globbing 81 CHAPTER 12 Use Streams, Pipes, and Redirects 83     Redirecting Standard Input, Standard Output, and Standard Error 83     Pipe the Output of One Command to the Input of Another Command 84     Use the Output of One Command as Arguments to Another Command 85     Send Output to Both STDOUT and a File 86     tee 86     xargs 86 CHAPTER 13 Create, Monitor, and Kill Processes 89     Run Jobs in the Foreground and Background 89     Signal a Program to Continue Running After Logout 90     Monitor Active Processes 90     Select and Sort Processes for Display 90     Send Signals to Processes 90     & 90     bg 90     fg 91     jobs 91     kill 91     nohup 92     ps 92     top 93     free 94     uptime 95     pgrep 95     pkill 95     killall 96 CHAPTER 14 Modify Process Execution Priorities 97     Know the Default Priority of a Job that Is Created 97     Run a Program with Higher or Lower Priority than the Default 97     Change the Priority of a Running Process 97     nice 97     ps 98     renice 98     top 98 CHAPTER 15 Search Text Files Using Regular Expressions 99     Create Simple Regular Expressions Containing Several Notational Elements 99     Use Regular Expression Tools to Perform Searches through a Filesystem or File Content 99     grep 100     egrep 101     fgrep 101     sed 101     regex(7) 102 CHAPTER 16 Perform Basic File Editing Operations Using vi 105     Navigate a Document Using vi 105     Use Basic vi Modes 105     Insert, Edit, Delete, Copy, and Find Text 106     vi 106     /, ? 106     h, j, k, l 107     i, o, a 107     c, d, p, y, dd, yy 108     ZZ, :w!, :q!, :e! 109 Part IV: Devices, Linux Filesystems, and the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard CHAPTER 17 Create Partitions and Filesystems 111     Manage MBR Partition Tables 111     Use Various mkfs Commands to Create Various Filesystems, Such As ext2/ext3/ext4, XFS, and VFAT 112     Awareness of ReiserFS and btrfs 112     Basic Knowledge of gdisk and parted with GP 113     fdisk 113     gdisk 114     parted 115     mkfs 116     mkswap 117     swapon 117 CHAPTER 18 Maintain the Integrity of Filesystems 119     Verify the Integrity of Filesystems 119     Monitor Free Space and Inodes 119     Repair Simple Filesystem Problems 119     du 119     df 120     fsck 120     e2fsck 121     mke2fs 121     debugfs 121     dumpe2fs 122     tune2fs 122     XFS Tools (Such As xfs_metadump and xfs_info) 123 CHAPTER 19 Control Mounting and Unmounting of Filesystems 125     Manually Mount and Unmount Filesystems 125     Configure Filesystem Mounting on Bootup 125     Configure User-Mountable Removable Filesystems 125     /etc/fstab 125     /media 126     mount 126     umount 127 CHAPTER 20 Manage Disk Quotas 129     Set Up a Disk Quota for a Filesystem 129     Edit, Check, and Generate User Quota Reports 130     quota 130     edquota 131     repquota 132     quotaon 132 CHAPTER 21 Manage File Permissions and Ownership 133     Manage Access Permissions on Regular and Special Files As Well As Directories 133     Use Access Modes Such As suid, sgid, and the Sticky Bit to Maintain Security 133     Know How to Change the File Creation Mask 134     Use the Group Field to Grant File Access to Group Members 134     chmod 134     umask 136     chown 136     chgrp 137 CHAPTER 22 Create and Change Hard and Symbolic Links 139     Create Links 139     Identify Hard and/or Soft Links 139     Copying Versus Linking Files 139         Hard Links 139         Soft Links 140     Use Links to Support System Administration Tasks 140     ln 141     ls 142 CHAPTER 23 Find System Files and Place Files in the Correct Location 143     Understand the Correct Locations of Files Under the FHS 143     Find Files and Commands on a Linux System 144     Know the Location and Purpose of Important Files and Directories as Defined in the FHS 144     find 144     locate 146     updatedb 147     whereis 147     which 147     type 148     /etc/updatedb.conf 148 Part V: Shell Scripting and Data Management CHAPTER 24 Customize and Use the Shell Environment 151     Set Environment Variables (For Example, PATH) at Login or When Spawning a New Shell 151     Write Bash Functions for Frequently Used Sequences of Commands 153     Maintain Skeleton Directories for New User Accounts 153     Set Command Search Path with the Proper Directory 153     source 154     /etc/bash.bashrc 154     /etc/profile 154     env 154     export 155     set 155     unset 155     ~/.bash_profile 155     ~/.bash_login 156     ~/.profile 156     ~/.bashrc 156     ~/.bash_logout 156     Function 156     Alias 157     Lists 157 CHAPTER 25 Customize or Write Simple Scripts 159     Use Standard sh Syntax (Loops, Tests) 159     Use Command Substitution 159     Test Return Values for Success or Failure or Other Information Provided by a Command 160     Perform Conditional Mailing to the Superuser 160     Correctly Select the Script Interpreter through the Shebang (#!) Line 160     Manage the Location, Ownership, Execution and suid-rights of scripts 161     for 161     while 161     test 162     if 163     read 164     seq 164     exec 164 CHAPTER 26 SQL Data Management 165     Use of Basic SQL Commands 165     Perform Basic Data Manipulation 165     insert 165     update 166     select 166     delete 166     from 166     where 167     group by 167     order by 167     join 167 Part VI: User Interfaces and Desktops CHAPTER 27 Install and Confi gure X11 169     Verify that the Video Card and Monitor Are Supported by an X Server 169     Awareness of the X Font Server 169     Basic Understanding and Knowledge of the X Window Configuration File 169     /etc/X11/xorg.conf 169     xhost 171     DISPLAY 171     xwininfo 172     xdpyinfo 174     X 174 CHAPTER 28 Set Up a Display Manager 175     Basic Configuration of LightDM 175     Turn the Display Manager On or Off 175     Change the Display Manager Greeting 175     Awareness of XDM, KDM, and GDM 176     lightdm 176     /etc/lightdm 176 CHAPTER 29 Accessibility 177     Basic Knowledge of Keyboard Accessibility Settings (AccessX) 177     Basic Knowledge of Visual Settings and Themes 177     Basic Knowledge of Assistive Technology (AT) 178     Sticky/Repeat Keys 178     Slow/Bounce/Toggle Keys 179     Mouse Keys 179     High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes 179     Screen Reader 180     Braille Display 180     Screen Magnifier 180     On-Screen Keyboard 180     Orca 180     GOK 180     emacspeak 180 Part VII: Administrative Tasks CHAPTER 30 Manage User and Group Accounts and Related System Files 181     Add, Modify, and Remove Users and Groups 181     Manage User/Group Info in Password/Group Databases 181     Create and Manage Special-Purpose and Limited Accounts 181     /etc/passwd 182     /etc/shadow 183     /etc/group 184     /etc/skel/ 184     chage 184     getent 185     groupadd 185     groupdel 185     groupmod 185     passwd 186     useradd 186     userdel 187     usermod 187 CHAPTER 31 Automate System Administration Tasks by Scheduling Jobs 189     Manage cron and at Jobs 189     Configure User Access to cron and at Services 189     Configure anacron 191     /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly}/ 191     /etc/at.deny 192     /etc/at.allow 192     /etc/crontab 192     /etc/cron.allow 193     /etc/cron.deny 193     /var/spool/cron/ 193     crontab 193     at 195     atq 195     atrm 195     anacron 196     /etc/anacrontab 196 CHAPTER 32 Localization and Internationalization 199     Configure Locale Settings and Environment Variables 199     Configure Timezone Settings and Environment Variables 199     /etc/timezone 200     /etc/localtime 200     /usr/share/zoneinfo/ 200     LC_* 201     LC_ALL 202     LANG 202     TZ 202     /usr/bin/locale 202     tzselect 202     timedatectl 205     date 205     iconv 206     UTF-8 206     ISO-8859 207     ASCII 207     Unicode 207 Part VIII: Essential System Services CHAPTER 33 Maintain System Time 209     Set the System Date and Time 209     Set the Hardware Clock to the Correct Time in UTC 209     Configure the Correct Timezone 209     Basic NTP Configuration 209     Knowledge of Using the pool.ntp.org Service 210     Awareness of the ntpq Command 210     /usr/share/zoneinfo/ 210     /etc/timezone 210     /etc/localtime 210     /etc/ntp.conf 210     date 211     hwclock 211     ntpd 211     ntpdate 212     pool.ntp.org 212 CHAPTER 34 System Logging 213     Configuration of the Syslog Daemon 213     Understanding of Standard Facilities, Priorities, and Actions 213     Configuration of logrotate 213     Awareness of rsyslog and syslog-ng 214     syslog.conf 214     syslogd 215     klogd 216     /var/log/ 216     logger 216     logrotate 216     /etc/logrotate.conf 217     /etc/logrotate.d/ 218     journalctl 219     /etc/systemd/journald.conf 219     /var/log/journal/ 220 CHAPTER 35 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) Basics 221     Create Email Aliases 221     Configure Email Forwarding 221     Knowledge of Commonly Available MTA Programs (postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration) 221     newaliases 222     mail 222     mailq 223     postfix 223     sendmail 223     exim 223     qmail 223     ~/.forward 223     sendmail Emulation Layer Commands 224 CHAPTER 36 Manage Printers and Printing 225     Basic CUPS Configuration (for Local and Remote Printers) 225     Manage User Print Queues 226     Troubleshoot General Printing Problems 227     Add and Remove Jobs from Configured Printer Queues 228     CUPS Configuration files, Tools, and Utilities 228     /etc/cups/ 228     lpd Legacy Interface (lpr, lprm, lpq) 228 Part IX: Networking Fundamentals CHAPTER 37 Fundamentals of Internet Protocols 229     Demonstrate an Understanding of Network Masks and CIDR Notation 229     Knowledge of the Differences Between Private and Public “Dotted Quad” IP Addresses 230     Knowledge About Common TCP and UDP Ports and Services (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995) 231     Knowledge About the Differences and Major Features of UDP, TCP, and ICMP 232     Knowledge of the Major Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6 233     Knowledge of the Basic Features of IPv6 233     /etc/services 233     IPv4, IPv6 234     Subnetting 234     TCP, UDP, ICMP 234 CHAPTER 38 Basic Network Confi guration 235     Manually and Automatically Configure Network Interfaces 235     Basic TCP/IP Host Configuration 235     Setting a Default Route 235     /etc/hostname 235     /etc/hosts 236     /etc/nsswitch.conf 236     ifconfig 236     ifup 237     ifdown 238     ip 238     route 239     ping 239 CHAPTER 39 Basic Network Troubleshooting 241     Manually and Automatically Configure Network Interfaces and Routing Tables to Include Adding, Starting, Stopping, Restarting, Deleting, or Reconfiguring Network Interfaces 241     Change, View, or Configure the Routing Table and Correct an Improperly Set Default Route Manually 241     ifconfig 242     ip 242     ifup 242     ifdown 242     route 242     host 242     hostname 242     dig 243     netstat 244     ping 244     ping6 244     traceroute 245     traceroute6 245     tracepath 246     tracepath6 246     netcat 246 CHAPTER 40 Confi gure Client-Side DNS 247     Query Remote DNS Servers 247     Configure local name resolution and use remote DNS servers 247     Modify the Order in Which Name Resolution Is Done 247     /etc/hosts 247     /etc/resolv.conf 247     /etc/nsswitch.conf 248     host 248     dig 248     getent 248 Part X: Security CHAPTER 41 Perform Security Administration Tasks 249     Audit a System to Find Files with the suid/sgid Bit Set 249     Set or Change User Passwords and Password-Aging Information 250     Being Able to Use nmap and netstat to Discover Open Ports on a System 250     Set Up Limits on User Logins, Processes, and Memory Usage 250     Determine Which Users Have Logged in to the System or Are Currently Logged In 250     Basic sudo Configuration and Usage 250     find 250     passwd 250     fuser 250     lsof 251     nmap 252     chage 253     netstat 253     sudo 253     /etc/sudoers 253     su 254     usermod 254     ulimit 255     who, w, last 256 CHAPTER 42 Set Up Host Security 259     Awareness of Shadow Passwords and How They Work 259     Turn Off Network Services Not in Use 259     Understand the Role of TCP Wrappers 260     /etc/nologin 261     /etc/passwd 261     /etc/shadow 261     /etc/xinetd.d/ 261     /etc/xinetd.conf 262     /etc/inetd.d/ 262     /etc/inetd.conf 262     /etc/inittab 263     /etc/init.d/ 263     /etc/hosts.allow 263     /etc/hosts.deny 263 CHAPTER 43 Securing Data with Encryption 265     Perform Basic OpenSSH 2 Client Configuration and Usage 265     Understand the Role of OpenSSH 2 Server Host Keys 265     Perform Basic GnuPG Configuration, Usage, and Revocation 265     Understand SSH Port Tunnels (Including X11 Tunnels) 266     ssh 266     ssh-keygen 267     ssh-agent 268     ssh-add 268     ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub 268     ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub 268     /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub 269     /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub 269     ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 269     ssh_known_hosts 269     gpg 270     ~/.gnupg/ 271 APPENDIX Create Your Own Journal 273 9780789757111, TOC, 8/3/17