SECTION 1: Sepsis Diagnosis and Management 1. Precision Medicine in Septic Shock 2. Optimal Blood Pressure Target in Patients with Septic Shock 3. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines in 2022: What is New and what has Changed? 4. Individualizing Hemodynamics in Septic Shock 5. Adjunctive Therapies in Sepsis: Current Status 6. Refractory Septic Shock: What are the Options 7. Steroids in Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes 8. Candida auris: Detection, Prevention, and Management 9. Empirical Antifungal Treatment: Is It Justified? 10. Role of Steroids in Severe Community acquired Pneumonia 11. Procalcitonin: Can It Differentiate Bacterial versus Fungal Infection SECTION 2: Antimicrobial Therapy in ICU 12. Optimizing Antimicrobial Dosing in the Intensive Care Unit 13. Antibiotic within 1 hour: Should this be Applied to all Patients with Sepsis? 14. Dark Side of Antibiotics 15. Optimal Duration of Antibiotic Therapy 16. Cefiderocol: Is this the Answer to Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Infection? SECTION 3: Respiratory Critical Care 17. Management of Pneumonia in Intensive Care 18. Reverse Triggering during Controlled Ventilation: A Frequent Dysynchrony with Various Consequences 19. Use of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Pneumonia 20. Management of Complicated Pleural Effusion 21. Hepatic Hydrothorax 22. Submassive Pulmonary Embolism 23. Role of Magnesium in Respiratory Failure 24. ARDS in Children: How is it Different? 25. Safe Tracheal Intubation in Intensive Care Unit 26. Lateral Positioning: Does it Work? 27. Dyspnea in Patients on Invasive Ventilation: Clinical Impact 28. Complications of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure SECTION 4: Mechanical Ventilation 29. Setting Optimum PEEP 30. Open Lung or Keep Lung Closed: Which Strategy to Choose? 31. Driving Pressure or Mechanical Power: Which One to Monitor? 32. Measuring Respiratory Drive and Muscle Effort 33. Oxygenation Targets in Mechanically Ventilated Critically-ill Patients 34. Ventilatory Ratio: A New Monitoring Tool 35. Helmet NIV: Is it a Game Changer? 36. Electrical Impedance Tomography: Current Application 37. Automatic Tube Compensation: Does it have a Role? 38. High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 39. Noninvasive Ventilation in Pediatrics: Current Status SECTION 5: Cardiovascular Critical Care 40. Crystalloid Resuscitation: Finding the Balance 41. Artificial Intelligence Tools to Optimize Hemodynamics in the ICU 42. Aggressive or Restrictive Fluid Resuscitation 43. Predicting Hypotension: Is It Useful? 44. Vasopressors: How Early? 45. Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery 46. Use of Vasopressin during Cardiac Arrest SECTION 6: Echocardiography and Ultrasound 47. Advances in Intensive Care Unit Echocardiography 48. Transesophageal Echocardiography: Is It Preferable in the Intensive Care Unit? 49. ECHO Features of Pulmonary Hypertension and Increased Left Atrial Pressures 50. Role of Echocardiography in Shock State 51. Use of Echocardiography in Assessing Fluid Responsiveness 52. Venous Excess Ultrasound Score (VExUS) SECTION 7: Nephrology, Fluids, Acid-Base Balance and Electrolytes Balance 53. Fluid Management in Acute Kidney Injury 54. Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury: Common but Poorly Understood 55. Delayed versus Very Delayed Renal Replacement Therapy 56. Plasma Exchange in Intensive Care Unit: Current Status 57. Acute Kidney Injury Care Bundle 58. Biomarker-driven Therapy in AKI 59. How to Approach Dyselectrolytemias in a Patient on CRRT? SECTION 8: Neurocritical Care 60. Prognostication in

Table of Contents:
SECTION 1: Sepsis Diagnosis and Management 1. Precision Medicine in Septic Shock 2. Optimal Blood Pressure Target in Patients with Septic Shock 3. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines in 2022: What is New and what has Changed? 4. Individualizing Hemodynamics in Septic Shock 5. Adjunctive Therapies in Sepsis: Current Status 6. Refractory Septic Shock: What are the Options 7. Steroids in Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes 8. Candida auris: Detection, Prevention, and Management 9. Empirical Antifungal Treatment: Is It Justified? 10. Role of Steroids in Severe Community acquired Pneumonia 11. Procalcitonin: Can It Differentiate Bacterial versus Fungal Infection SECTION 2: Antimicrobial Therapy in ICU 12. Optimizing Antimicrobial Dosing in the Intensive Care Unit 13. Antibiotic within 1 hour: Should this be Applied to all Patients with Sepsis? 14. Dark Side of Antibiotics 15. Optimal Duration of Antibiotic Therapy 16. Cefiderocol: Is this the Answer to Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Infection? SECTION 3: Respiratory Critical Care 17. Management of Pneumonia in Intensive Care 18. Reverse Triggering during Controlled Ventilation: A Frequent Dysynchrony with Various Consequences 19. Use of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Pneumonia 20. Management of Complicated Pleural Effusion 21. Hepatic Hydrothorax 22. Submassive Pulmonary Embolism 23. Role of Magnesium in Respiratory Failure 24. ARDS in Children: How is it Different? 25. Safe Tracheal Intubation in Intensive Care Unit 26. Lateral Positioning: Does it Work? 27. Dyspnea in Patients on Invasive Ventilation: Clinical Impact 28. Complications of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure SECTION 4: Mechanical Ventilation 29. Setting Optimum PEEP 30. Open Lung or Keep Lung Closed: Which Strategy to Choose? 31. Driving Pressure or Mechanical Power: Which One to Monitor? 32. Measuring Respiratory Drive and Muscle Effort 33. Oxygenation Targets in Mechanically Ventilated Critically-ill Patients 34. Ventilatory Ratio: A New Monitoring Tool 35. Helmet NIV: Is it a Game Changer? 36. Electrical Impedance Tomography: Current Application 37. Automatic Tube Compensation: Does it have a Role? 38. High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 39. Noninvasive Ventilation in Pediatrics: Current Status SECTION 5: Cardiovascular Critical Care 40. Crystalloid Resuscitation: Finding the Balance 41. Artificial Intelligence Tools to Optimize Hemodynamics in the ICU 42. Aggressive or Restrictive Fluid Resuscitation 43. Predicting Hypotension: Is It Useful? 44. Vasopressors: How Early? 45. Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery 46. Use of Vasopressin during Cardiac Arrest SECTION 6: Echocardiography and Ultrasound 47. Advances in Intensive Care Unit Echocardiography 48. Transesophageal Echocardiography: Is It Preferable in the Intensive Care Unit? 49. ECHO Features of Pulmonary Hypertension and Increased Left Atrial Pressures 50. Role of Echocardiography in Shock State 51. Use of Echocardiography in Assessing Fluid Responsiveness 52. Venous Excess Ultrasound Score (VExUS) SECTION 7: Nephrology, Fluids, Acid-Base Balance and Electrolytes Balance 53. Fluid Management in Acute Kidney Injury 54. Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury: Common but Poorly Understood 55. Delayed versus Very Delayed Renal Replacement Therapy 56. Plasma Exchange in Intensive Care Unit: Current Status 57. Acute Kidney Injury Care Bundle 58. Biomarker-driven Therapy in AKI 59. How to Approach Dyselectrolytemias in a Patient on CRRT? SECTION 8: Neurocritical Care 60. Prognostication in Neurocritical Care 61. Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus 62. Early Detection of Intensive Care Unit-acquired Weakness 63. Personalized Hemodynamic Management in Neurocritical Care 64. Extracranial Complications of Brain Injury 65. Ketamine: Current Status in ICU 66. Inhalational Sedation in Intensive Care Unit 67. Hypoactive Delirium: Detection and Management 68. Status Epilepticus: Anticonvulsants of Choice SECTION 9: Gastrointestinal, Liver and Nutrition 69. The Microbiome 70. Personalized Glucose Control 71. Hypoxic Liver Injury and Management 72. Enteral Nutrition in Hemodynamically Unstable Patients 73. Problems of Overfeeding 74. Protein or Calories—Which is More Important? SECTION 10: Trauma 75. Role of Tranexamic Acid in Trauma: When and where? 76. REBOA in Trauma 77. Transfusion Triggers in Trauma Shock 78. Rhabdomyolysis SECTION 11: Toxicology 79. Paraquat Poisoning: Current Status 80. Methemoglobinemia SECTION 12: Oncology and Hematology 81. Intravascular Hemolysis 82. Cytokine Storm and Hemophagocytic Syndromes 83. Pulmonary and Neurological Complications and their Management in Immune Cancer Therapy 84. Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: Approach to Management 85. Hyperviscosity Syndromes SECTION 13: Medicolegal Issues and End-of-life Care 86. Palliative Care in the Intensive Care Unit: Is It an Elusive or Essential Goal? 87. Care of Elderly in Intensive Care Unit: Special Issues that Need to be Addressed 88. Feeding and Antibiotic Use in End-of-life Care: Is It Justified? 89. Communication in the ICU 90. Breaking Bad News to Children SECTION 14: Clinical Research Methodology 91. Understanding Bayesian Analysis 92. Platform and Adaptive Trials 93. Data Science Implementation in Intensive Care Unit SECTION 15: Obstetric Critical Care 94. Complicated Tropical Fever 95. HELLP Syndrome SECTION 16: ICU Organization/Quality of Care Section Editors: BK Rao, Palepu B Gopal 96. Smart ICU: The Era of Safety and Precision in ICU 97. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Patients and Family Members of ICU Patients 98. Cost Containment in the ICU 99. Simulation based Training in ICU 100. ICU Quality Indicators in Resource-limited Setting SECTION 17: Extracorporeal Life Support 101. Extracorporeal Life Support: Does it Improve Outcome in Septic Shock? 102. Certifying Brain Death on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 103. How to Wean off ECMO 104. Thrombocytopenia in ECMO Patient: Troubleshooting SECTION 18: Miscellaneous 105. Post ICU Care in India: An Unmet Need 106. Preventing Post-transplant Respiratory Failure 107. Human Mesenchymal Cell Therapy in Critically Ill: An Update 108. Withdrawal Syndromes in Intensive Care Unit: Recognition and Management 109. Zentensivism: A Holistic Approach to the Art of Caring 110. Gender Balance in the Intensive Care Unit: Where are We Today?