In Dimensions of Linguistic Variation, the contributors investigate evidence for the myriad factors which influence language variation and change, and consider how to best account for these factors in data and metadata coding. Given linguists' increasing ability to preserve and share data, questions arise around the possibility of comparing data from different communities: how should a corpus builder model, elicit, encode, analyze, and archive data that have been collected from highly diverse groups of speakers, from situations beyond the sociolinguistic interview, in a way that supports re-use, comparison across collections, and longer-term archiving? Answering these questions requires a highly nuanced understanding of the social influences on speech variation. Social differences between communities and contexts can permit or encourage comparisons, in some cases, and render comparisons impossible, in others. The current volume builds on a rich foundation of insight from the sociolinguistics community as to how community-specific social distinctions shape variation and change within a given community and presents new, state-of-the-art insights from a diverse range of community and context types. The editors have compiled a volume which will enable researchers both to expand the established set of variables expected to be considered in any community study, and to categorize data and results in ways that best permit cross-community comparisons. They present the issues involved in research planning, the modeling of the target community, subject selection, the elicitation and coding of demographic, situational and attitudinal factors, and how they all affect analysis and potential reuse.

Table of Contents:
1 Introduction to the Volume Christopher Cieri, Lauren Hall-Lew, Malcah Yaeger-Dror, and Katie Drager 2 Section 1 Introduction: Research Planning and Interactions with Ethical, Legal, and Regulatory Issues Christopher Cieri 3 IRBs, Researchers, and Social Media as (Socio)linguistic Field Sites Alexandra D'Arcy 4 Conducting Linguistic Fieldwork with IRB Approval: A Suggested Approach Denise DiPersio 5 Section 2 Introduction: Introduction to Demographics and Attitudes Lauren Hall-Lew and Christopher Cieri 6 Sociolinguistics of Multicultural Societies: Implications for Data and Methodology Shobha Satyanath 7 Bilingual Coding Barbara E. Bullock, Almeida Jacqueline Toribio 8 Snapshots in Time: Coding Social Factors in Changing Communities Devyani Sharma, Nathan Young 9 Dialect Contact Yoshiyuki Asahi 10 Studying Ethnicity and Its Sociolinguistic Fluidities: Variationist Perspectives from English in South Africa Rajend Mesthrie 11 Reorienting Blackness and Whiteness in Studies of Sociolinguistic Variation Sonya Fix, Renée Blake, Cecelia Cutler, Nicole Holliday 12 Diversity and Dialect Contact in North American Latinx Communities Robert Bayley 13 Conceptualizing and Coding Social Class in Linguistic Corpora Joshua Hummel, Jordan Holley, Robin Dodsworth, Suzanne Evans Wagner 14 Social Class, Social Capital, Social Practice, and Language in British Sociolinguistics: Unravelling Historical and Ethnographic Complexities Anne Fabricius 15 What Can Macrosocial Categories Tell Us about Gender and Sexuality? Penelope Eckert 16 Understanding Age David Bowie 17 Religion and Religiosity David Bowie and Malcah Yaeger-Dror 18 Linguistic Variation and Political Identity Lauren Hall-Lew, Sarah van Eyndhoven 19 Language Attitudes and Language Change Nicolai Pharao 20 Measuring Attitudes Carmen Llamas, Dominic Watt 21 Levels of Linguistic Accommodation Dominic Watt, Carmen Llamas 22 Section 3 Introduction: Introduction to Social Situation Lauren Hall-Lew and Malcah Yaeger-Dror 23 What Kind of Data Is It? Situating Sociolinguistic Corpora in Context Sali A. Tagliamonte 24 Best Practice for the Study of Language Change in Real Time Frans Gregersen, Gert Foget Hansen 25 Coding Categories Relevant to Interaction Richard Ogden, Marina N. Cantarutti 26 Approaching Variation in Political Discourse Jennifer Sclafani 27 Self-Recordings and Oral Histories Sonia Barnes and Lauren Hall-Lew 28 Social Media as a Sociolinguistic Resource Jacob Eisenstein 29 Singing as a Dimension of Linguistic Variation: Considerations for a Corpus of Song Andy Gibson 30 Discussion: Balancing Representativity and Metadata in Sociolinguistic Corpora Tyler Kendall Index