In recent years the development of new techniques such as PET scanning has led to fresh interest in the motor areas of the cerebral cortex in humans and animals, although older electrical methods still provide valuable information. All these methods contribute to the data on the relationship between structure and function discussed in this symposium volume. The topics covered include the historical development of ideas about structure and function, the anatomical connections of motor areas, and physiological studies of cortical areas in conscious primates. The participants also examine the effects of cortical lesions in humans and animals and discuss clinical and experimental disorders of motor control. The application of these methods, as the chairman concludes, is likely to lead to a better understanding of how the various motor areas of the cerebral cortex interact and cooperate in the control of movement in primates. This improved understanding should in turn lead to better treatment for Parkinson's disease and other conditions in which cortical lesions produce disorders of voluntary movement.

Table of Contents:
Epicortical ELectrical Mapping of Motor Area in Primates (C. Phillips). Ascending Inputs to, and Internal Organization of, Cortical Motor Areas (E. Jones). Input and Output Organization of the Supplementary Motor Area (M. Wisendanger, et al.). Some Aspects of the Organization of the Output of the Motor Cortex (H. Kuypers). Functional Studies of Motor Cortex (R. Porter). Functional Relations between Primate Motor Cortex Cells and Muscles: Fixed and Flexible (E. Fetz & P. Cheney). Cortical Mechanisms Subserving Reaching (A. Georgopoulos). Neuronal Activity in the Primate Non-Primary Cortex Is Different from that in the Primary Motor Cortex (J. Tanji). Two Cortical Systems for Directing Movement (R. Passingham). Functional Organization of Area 6 (G. Rizzolatti). Motor Control Function of the Prefrontal Cortex. (P. Goldman-Rakie). Cerebellar Inputs to Motor Cortex (W. Thach). Bereitschaftspotential as an Indicator of Movement Preparation in Supplementary Motor Area and Motor Cortex (L. Deecke). Metabolic Mapping of Sensorimotor Integration in the Human Brain (P. Roland). Differential Effects of Cortical Lesions in Humans (H. Freund). What Do the Basal Ganglia Tell Premotor Cortical Areas? (C. Marsden).