From references to secret agents in The Art of War in 400 B.C.E. to the Bush administration's ongoing War on Terrorism, espionage has always been an essential part of state security policies. This illustrated encyclopedia traces the fascinating stories of spies, intelligence, and counterintelligence throughout history, both internationally and in the United States. Written specifically for students and general readers by scholars, former intelligence officers, and other experts, Encyclopedia of Intelligence and Counterintelligence provides a unique background perspective for viewing history and current events. In easy-to-understand, non-technical language, it explains how espionage works as a function of national policy; traces the roots of national security; profiles key intelligence leaders, agents, and double-agents; discusses intelligence concepts and techniques; and profiles the security organizations and intelligence history and policies of nations around the world. As a special feature, the set also includes forewords by former CIA Director Robert M. Gates and former KGB Major General Oleg Kalugin that help clarify the evolution of intelligence and counterintelligence and their crucial roles in world affairs today.

Table of Contents:
A: ; Abel, Rudolf; Adams, John; Adams, John Quincy; Adenauer, Konrad; Afghanistan; Agee, Philip; Air America; Air force intelligence; Akhmerov, Iskhak A.; Al-Qaeda; Albania; Algeria; American Black Chamber; American Civil War; American Revolution; Ames, Aldrich; Ancient intelligence; Andropov, Yuri; Angleton, James J.; Arbenz Guzman, Jacobo; Argentina; Army intelligence; Arnold, Benedict; ARTICHOKE, Project; Assassination; Attaché; Australia; Austria; B: ; Baden-Powell, Robert; Baker, Josephine; Ball, George W.; Barnett, David Henry; Bay of Pigs; Bentley, Elizabeth; Berg, Moe; Beria, Lavrenty; Berlin, East and West; Bissell, Richard M.; Black Dragon Society; Black Hand; Black September; Black Tom Island; Blake, George; Bletchley Park; Blunt, Anthony; Bond, James; Brazil; Brothman, Abraham; Browder, Earl; Bulgaria; Burgess, Guy; Burr, Aaron; Bush, George H.W.; Bush, George W.; C: ; Cairncross, John; Cambodia; Cambridge Five; Canada; Canaris, Wilhelm; Carter, James E.; Casey, William J.; Castro, Fidel; Cavell, Edith; Central America; Central Intelligence Agency; Central Intelligence Group; Chambers, Whittaker; Cheka; Chile; China; Church, Frank; Cicero; Clancy, Tom; Clandestine operations; Clinton, William J.; Codes; Cohen, Lona and Morris; Competitive intelligence; Cointelpro; Colby, William E.; Cold War; Collection; Colombia; Combat intelligence; Communications; Communist Party; Congressional oversight; Coordinator of Information; Coplon, Judith; Corporate intelligence; Counterintelligence; Counterintelligence Corps; Counterterrorism; Covert action; Cromwell, Oliver; Cryptography; Cuba; Cuban Missile Crisis; Culper spy ring; Cumming, Mansfield; Czech Republic/Czechoslovakia; D: ; Darragh, Lydia; De Gaulle, Charles; De Vosjoli, Philippe; Defector; Defense Intelligence Agency; Delta Force; Denniston, Alistair; Deutsch, Arnold; Dickstein, Samuel; Diem, Ngo Dinh; Diplomacy; Dodd, Martha; Donovan, William J.; Dreyfus Affair; Duggan, Lawrence; Dulles, Allen W.; Dzerzhinsky, Felix E.; E: ; East Germany; Egypt; Eisenhower, Dwight D.; Electronic intelligence; Elizabethan Age; Ellsberg, Daniel; Embassy; Enigma; Envoy's Plot; F: ; Federal Bureau of Investigation; Feklisov, Alexander; Finn, Ted D'Arcy; Fitin, Pavel; Fleming, Ian; Ford, Antonia; Ford, Gerald R.; Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, President's; Forty Committee; Fouché, Joseph; France; Frederick the Great; Freeh, Louis J.; Fuchs, Klaus; Fusag; Fyfe, David Maxwell; G: ; Gates, Robert M.; Gaunt, Guy; Gehlen, Reinhard; Geiger, Emily; Genocide; Germany; Gestapo; Glomar Explorer; Gold, Harry; Goleniewski, Michael; Golitsyn, Anatoly; Goodpaster, Andrew; Gordievsky, Oleg; Gouzenko, Igor; Greece; Greene, Graham; Greenglass, David and Ruth; Greenhow, Rose O'Neal; Gulag; Gutzeit, Peter; H: ; Hale, Nathan; Hall, Virginia; Hall, William; Hanssen, Robert P.; Harlfinger, Fritz; Hart, Nancy Morgan; Hashishin Order; Hayhanen, Reino; Helms, Richard M.; Herzog, Chaim; Heydrich, Reinhard; Hillenkoetter, Roscoe H.; Hiss, Alger; Hitler, Adolf; Homeland Security Department; Hong Kong; Hoover, Herbert; Hoover, J. Edgar; Howard, Edward Lee; Huff Duff; Human intelligence; Hungary; E. Howard Hunt; I: ; India; Indonesia; Intelligence and Research Bureau; Interagency cooperation; Iran; Iraq; Iraq War 2003; Ireland; Irish Republican Army; Israel; Italy; Ivan IV (The Terrible); J: ; Japan; Jedburghs; Jefferson, Thomas; JENNIFER, Project; Joan of Arc; John, Otto; Johnson, Lyndon B.; Joint intelligence; Jordan; Journalism and propaganda; K: ; Kalamatiano, Xenophon; Kalugin, Oleg D.; Kang Sheng; Kell, Sir Vernon; Kenji Doihara; Kennedy, John F.; Kenya; KGB; Khan, Noor Inayat; Khrushchev, Nikita S.; Korea, North; Korea, South; Korean War; Krivitsky, Walter; Kryuchkov, Vladimir; Kuczynski, Ursula (Ruth); Kuklinski, Ryszard; Kvasnikov, Leonid; L: ; Lacrosse; Lawrence of Arabia; Le Carré, John; Lee, Duncan; Lenin, Vladimir; Libya; Liddy, G. Gordon; Lincoln, Abraham; Lipka, Robert; Literature and film; Lonsdale, Gordon; Los Alamos; Lubyanka; LUCY Ring; M: ; Maclean, Donald D.; Madison, James; Manhattan Project; Malaysia; Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung); Marchetti, Victor; Markelov, Valery; Martin, Major William; Mata Hari; Maugham, W. Somerset; May, Alan Nunn; McCarthy, Joseph; McCone, John A.; Mexican-American War; Mexico; Mi-5; Mi-6; Mi-9; Middle Ages; Mitrokhin, Vasily; MOCKINGBIRD, Project; Montagnards; Morison, Samuel L.; Morocco; Morros, Boris; Mussolini, Benito; N: ; National Reconnaissance Office; National Security Agency; National Security Council; Native American wars; Navajo Code Talkers; Naval intelligence; Netherlands; Nixon, Richard M.; North Atlantic Treaty Organization; Norwood, Melita S.; O: ; Office of Strategic Services; Ogorodnikov, Nikolay; Oldfield, Maurice; Operation BERNHARD; Operation CHAOS; Operation DOUBLE-CROSS; Operation GOLD; Operation IVY BELLS; Operation RYAN; Operation SILVER; Oppenheimer, J. Robert; Ovakimyan, Gaik; P: ; Pakistan; Palestinian National Authority; Panama; Parker, Gilbert; Pash, Boris; Pelton, Robert W.; Penkovsky, Oleg; Perl, William; Perlo, Victor; Persian Gulf War; Peru; Petrov, Vladimir; Philby, Kim; Photography; Pike, Otis; Pinkertons; Poe, Tony; Poland; Polk, James K.; Pollard, Jonathan; Powers, Francis Gary; Profumo Affair; Project SR-POINTER; Psychological warfare; Pujol, Juan; Purple; Putin, Vladimir; R: ; Raborn, William F.; Radar; Radio; Rado, Alexander; Reagan, Ronald; Reconnaissance; Recruitment; Reilly, Sidney George; Rhyolite; Richelieu, Cardinal de; Rochefort, Joseph J.; Rockefeller Commission; Roessler, Rudolf; Romania; Roosevelt, Franklin D.; Roosevelt, Kermit; Roosevelt, Theodore; Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel; Rote Kapelle (Red Orchestra); Rowlett, Frank; Russia (Post-Soviet); Russia (Pre-Soviet); S: ; Safford, Laurance F.; Satellites; Saudi Arabia; Scandinavia; Schellenberg, Walter; Schlesinger, James R.; Schragmüller, Elsbeth; Scientific and technical intelligence; Seawolf; Secord, Richard; Secret Service; Shadrin, Nicholas; Signals intelligence; Silvermaster, Nathan G.; Sinclair, Hugh; Singapore; Six-Day War; Skorzeny, Otto; Smith, Walter Bedell; Soble, Jack; Sorge, Richard; Souers, Sydney W.; Source; South Africa; Soviet Union; Spain; Spanish-American War; Special Air Service; Special Boat Squadron; Special operations; Spy planes; Spycatcher Affair; SS Mayaguez; Stalin, Josef; Stephenson, William; Straight, Michael W.; Submarines; Sudan; Sudoplatov, Pavel; Sun Tzu; Surveillance; Switzerland; Syria and Lebanon; Szabo, Violette; T: ; Taiwan; Tallmadge, Benjamin; Technology; Tenet, George; Terrorism; Thailand; Trepper, Leopold; Truman, Harry S; Tubman, Harriet; Turing, Alan; Turkey; Turner, Stansfield; U: ; Ukraine; United Kingdom; United Nations; United States; USS Liberty; USS Pueblo; V: ; Van Deman, Ralph; Van Lew, Elizabeth; Vandenberg, Hoyt S.; Vassall, W. John; Vatican; Venona; Vietnam; Vietnam War; W: ; Walker, John; Walsingham, Francis; Walters, Vernon A.; War of 1812; War on Terrorism; Warsaw Pact; Washington, George; Wassmuss, Wilhelm; Weapons of mass destruction; Webster, William H.; Weisband, William W.; Weiskopf, Victor; Weizsäcker, Ernst von; Wellington House; Wenger, Joseph N.; White, Harry Dexter; Wilson, J. Harold; Wilson, Woodrow; Wiretapping; Wisner, Frank; Wolf, Markus; Women; Woolsey, R. James; World War I; World War II; Xyz: ; XX Committee; Yardley, Herbert O.; Yemen; Yugoslavia; Yurchenko, Vitaly S.; Zaire; Zimmermann Telegram