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Enteroviral Antagonism of a Downstream Step in the Type I Interferon Response.: (English)

Enteroviral Antagonism of a Downstream Step in the Type I Interferon Response.: (English)

          
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About the Book

Picornaviridae is a diverse family of small RNA viruses that cause a variety of human and animal diseases. Some of these viruses are known to inhibit the production of type I interferon (IFN). However, until now, there has been no study of the effect of picornaviral infection on the events that occur after cells have produced interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in response to interferon treatment. To determine whether picomaviruses can antagonize the antiviral activities of ISGs, cells were treated with IFNalpha, and then infected with Enterovirus genus members, poliovirus types 1, 2 or 3, enterovirus type 70, or human rhinovirus type 16; or with a Cardiovirus genus member, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). While the enteroviruses were able to replicate in IFNalpha-treated cells, the replication of EMCV was completely inhibited. The enteroviral proteinase 2Apro is essential for enteroviral IFN resistance, because amino acid changes in this protein rendered poliovirus sensitive to IFNalpha treatment. Co-infection with wild-type poliovirus and EMCV led to EMCV replication in IFNalpha-treated cells, while co-infection with poliovirus 2Apro -mutants and EMCV did not. When the poliovirus 2Apro gene was added to the EMCV genome, EMCV became resistant to IFNalpha-treatment and gained an increased virulence in mice. These results support an inhibitory role for 2Apro in the most downstream event in interferon signaling, the antiviral activities of ISGs. These data, combined with the known inhibitory effects of enteroviruses on viral recognition, demonstrate that poliovirus and other members of its genus have evolved multiple means of subverting the type I interferon system. The role of 2Apro in enteroviral subversion of this response suggests that it would be an ideal target for the development of anti-enteroviral drugs.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781244081420
  • Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Publisher Imprint: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
  • Height: 246 mm
  • No of Pages: 152
  • Series Title: English
  • Weight: 286 gr
  • ISBN-10: 1244081426
  • Publisher Date: 01 Sep 2011
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 8 mm
  • Width: 189 mm


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Enteroviral Antagonism of a Downstream Step in the Type I Interferon Response.: (English)
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