For undergraduate courses in Introduction to the Humanities.   This text ignites students’ passion to know more—and think more about the influence of the humanities on their own lives with a clear, engaging writing style, striking layout, and beautiful full-color reproductions.   The first introduction to humanities text in over text years, Laurie Schneider Adams set out to write the most coherent, straight-forward and accessible text for students.  Combining her gift for writing clearly and succinctly with a breath-taking design, she makes humanities come alive for the average freshman, who may or may not pursue a liberal arts degree. 

Table of Contents:
CHAPTER 1: PREHISTORY   Key Topics Introduction Society and Culture: The Dating System Used in this Text Time Chart   Human Origins: From Myth to Science  Creation Stories  Darwin and the Theory of Evolution  The Nature of Prehistory  Society and Culture: The Study of Human Prehistory  Society and Culture: Dating Prehistory  Society and Culture: Major Periods of Human Evolution  Defining Moment: Bipedalism  Society and Culture: Important Developmental Steps in Early Human History   What Makes Us Human  Symbolic Thinking  Creative Arts  Shamanism   The Upper (Late) Paleolithic Era in Western Europe: c. 45,000—c. 10,000/8000 B.C.   Mesolithic to Neolithic in Western Europe: c. 10,000/8000—6000/4000 B.C.   The Neolithic Era: c. 6000/4000—c. 1500 B.C.  Stonehenge   Thematic Parallels: Shamanism in Non-Western Imagery  Australian Dreaming  Shamanistic Imagery in Africa  The Anishnabe Drum   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 2: THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   The Fertile Crescent Urbanization and Architecture  Society and Culture: The Mesopotamian Cosmos  Society and Culture: Abikhil, a Temple Superintendent  Defining Moment: Urbanization in Mesopotamia   The Development of Writing  Pictographs, Cuneiform, and the Cylinder Seal  Cross-cultural Influences: Indus Valley Civilization  The First Epic Poem  Society and Culture: Language Groups  Society and Culture: Dreams and Medicine in the Ancient Near East   Mesopotamian Kingship and the Arts  Music and Ritual at the Mesopotamian Courts  Naram-Sin and the Imagery of Conquest  Gudea of Lagash: Piety and Temple-building  Hammurabi of Babylon: The Lawgiver  Assurbanipal: Assyrian Might  The Achaemenids and the Royal Palace at Persepolis  Zoroastrianism: A New Religion   Mesopotamiaand the Hebrews  Early History   Thematic Parallels: Kingship and “Heads” of State  The Colossal Heads of the Olmec: 1200—400 B.C.  The Cambodian Devaraja: Twelfth to Thirteenth Century A.D.  Henry VIII: Sixteenth-Century England  Africa–the Head and the Crown: Nineteenth to Twentieth Century   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 3: ANCIENT EGYPT   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   The Nile   The Pharaohs  The Pharaoh and the Egyptian Concept of Time  Defining Moment: Egyptians and the Solar Calendar   Religion  Society and Culture: Principal Deities of Ancient Egypt  The Osiris Myth  Society and Culture: Hieroglyphs and Egyptian Literature  Hymns to the Nile  Hymns to the Sun  The Egyptian View of Death   Old Kingdom Egypt: c. 2649—2100 B.C.  The Pyramid Complex at Giza  The Seated Statue of Khafre and the Egyptian Proportional System  The Menkaure Triad  The Egyptian Scribe   Music in Ancient Egypt   Egyptian Society  Society and Culture: Egyptian Medicine and Dream Books  Female Pharaohs  Society and Culture: Egyptian Jewelry   Middle Kingdom Egypt: c. 1991—1700 B.C.  Sculpture and Architecture   New Kingdom Egypt: c. 1550—1070 B.C.  Temples  The Amarna Revolution: c. 1349—1336 B.C.  The Tomb of Tutankhamon   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 4: THE AEGEAN WORLD   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   Who Were the Minoans? Society and Culture: The Labyrinth in Myth Minoan Religion  The Hagia Triada Sarcophagus  Music and Ritual   Thera  Defining Moment: The Eruption of Thera and Plato’s Lost Atlantis   Mycenaeand the Homeric Heroes  Homer’s Iliad  Homeric Literary Devices Mycenaean Art and Architecture Agamemnon and the Oresteia of Aeschlyus Society and Culture: Women, Family, and the Rules of Marriage in the Homeric Age Homer’s Odyssey  Society and Culture: The Cyclopes and Cyclopaean Masonry   The “Dark” Age: c. 1150—900 B.C.   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 5: THE EMERGENCE OF HISTORICAL GREECE   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   The Greek Polis   Ancient Greek Religion  Hesiod’s Theogony  Society and Culture: The Greek Gods and the Nine Muses  Greek Goddesses and Gods  Pandora’s “Box” and Hesiod on Women  The Oracle   The Geometric Period: c. 1000—700 B.C.  Pottery, Painting, and Sculpture  The Olympic Games   The Orientalizing Period: c. 700—600 B.C.  Pottery and Painting  War, Music, and the Chigi Vase  Defining Moment: The Greek Phalanx   The Archaic Period: c. 600—490 B.C.  Athens and SpartaAthenian Lawgivers: Draco and SolonWomen in AthensSparta Art and Architecture in the Archaic PeriodVase PaintingSociety and Culture: The GorgonSculptureSociety and Culture: Archaic Greek DressArchitectureThe Temple of Aphaia at Aegina Philosophy: Pre-Socratics of the Archaic Period  Pythagoras Lyric Poetry  AnacreonSociety and Culture: The Greek SymposiumSapphoSociety and Culture: Homosexuality in Ancient Greece  The Close of the Archaic Period   Thematic Parallels: Sun Tzu and The Art of War   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 6: ANCIENT GREECE–CLASSICAL TO HELLENISTIC   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   Herodotus: The “Father of History”   Athens   Political Developments from the Late Archaic to the Early Classical Period: c. 500—450 B.C.   The Early Classical Period: c. 480—450 B.C.  Sculpture  Philosophers on the Real and the Ideal: Parmenides and Zeno Poetry: Pindar on Athletes   The High Classical Period: 450—400 B.C.  The ParthenonThe Sculptural Program of the Parthenon  The Temple of Athena Nike  The Erechtheum Classical Painting and Sculpture Unrelated to the Acropolis  Classical PhilosophyProtagorasEmpedoclesDemocritusSocrates and PlatoThe Republic Medicine HippocratesSociety and Culture: A Greek Dinner Party: The Symposium  Music   Greek Theater  The Tragic PlaywrightsAeschylus  Sophocles Euripides Comedy  Aristophanes   The Peloponnesian War: 431—404 B.C. Defining Moment: The Classical Ideal and Its Decline–the Peloponnesian War   The Late Classical Period: c. 400—323 B.C.  Society and Culture: The Myth of Alexander’s Birth  Society and Culture: Warfare Technology and Science  Cross-cultural Influences: Hellenism and the Far EastSiddhartha and the Origins of BuddhismGandharan and Mathuran Sculpture  Aristotle  Painting and Sculpture   The Hellenistic World: 323 to First Century B.C.  Mystery Cults Philosophy in the Hellenistic Period  Hellenistic Poetry  Developments in Artistic Style   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 7: ANCIENT ROME   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   Myths of the Founding of Rome  Virgil’s Aeneid  Romulus and Remus   The Etruscans: Ninth Century to 509 B.C.  Greece and the Etruscans  Etruscan Women: The Envy of Athenian Women  Etruscan Funerary Art  The End of Etruscan Rule   The Roman Republic: 509—27 B.C.  Chronology and History  The Punic Wars  Julius CaesarSociety and Culture: Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt  Religion and ArtSociety and Culture: The Roman Gods  Art and Architecture of Everyday LifeSociety and Culture: A Roman BakeryWall-paintingsA Musical Mosaic  Philosophy: Lucretius  Theater: Roman Comedy  Rhetoric: Cicero  The Poets  The End of the Republic   The Roman Empire: 27 B.C.—A.D. 476  Imperial Augustan ImagerySociety and Culture: Roman and Greek CoinageAugustus as a Patron of LiteraturePainting in the Age of Augustus  Art and Architecture after AugustusSociety and Culture: Reign Dates of the Major Roman EmperorsThe Julio-ClaudiansThe FlaviansSociety and Culture: The Flavian CoiffureTrajan: Optimus PrincepsHadrian: The PantheonMarcus Aurelius: Emperor and Stoic Philosopher  Roman Authors after AugustusHistory: TacitusBiography: SuetoniusStoic Philosophy: SenecaSatire: Juvenal and Petronius The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire   Thematic Parallels: Deadly Games: Gladiators and Mesoamerican Ball-players   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 8: PAGAN CULTS, JUDAISM, AND THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITY   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   Pagan Cults  Mysteries  Mithraism   Neoplatonism   The Israelites and Judaism  Society and Culture: The Hebrew Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls History, Chronology, and Tradition  Moses  Society and Culture: The Ten CommandmentsMonarchy and ConflictThe Second Temple Destroyed  The Hebrew Bible as Literature   Christianity: The Birth of Jesus through the Fourth Century  Society and Culture: The New Testament  Society and Culture: The Typological Reading of History  Death and Resurrection  Society and Culture: Principal Events in the Life of Jesus  Baptism and the Eucharist  The Mission of St. Paul  Early Christianity in Rome  Society and Culture: Women in the Bible  The Role of Constantine  Early Christian Art and ArchitecturePainting and SculptureArchitecture   The Spread of Christianity  The Arian Heresy  Manichees, Bogomils, Cathars, and Albigensians  Gnosticism  The Beginnings of Monasticism  Defining Moment: St. Anthony and the Beginnings of Monasticism in the West  Christian Authors: The Four Doctors of the Church  Music in the Early Church   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 9: THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAM   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   RavennaUnder Theodoric Boethius on Theology Boethius on Music Theodoric and the Visual Arts   The Byzantine Empire: An Overview–Fourth to Thirteenth Century Society and Culture: Byzantine Scholarship, Ninth to Eleventh Century Justinian I Society and Culture: Theodora and the Court Society and Culture: Justinian and the Silk Routes The Barberini Ivory: An Image of Imperial Triumph Justinian’s Law Code Defining Moment: The Code of Justinian The Arts in Ravenna Music in the Western and Eastern Churches Hagia Sophia Icons and the Monastery of St. Catherine   The Eastern Orthodox Church The Iconoclastic Controversy   The Persistence of Byzantine Style   The Rise and Expansion of Islam: Seventh to Seventeenth Century  The Life of Muhammad  Sunnis and Shi’ites  The Five Pillars of Islam  The Qur’an (Koran) and the Hadith   Islamic Art and Architecture  The Dome of the Rock  Mosques  Tombs  Secular Art   Islamic Music   Islamic Literature   Islamic Science, Medicine, and Philosophy  Scientists and Physicians  Philosophers   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 10: THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROMANESQUE: 565—1150   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   Monasteries in the Early Middle Ages  Cross-cultural Influences: Monasticism   Early Medieval Social Structure  Feudalism  Manorialism   Germanic Tribes   The Merovingian and Carolingian Dynasties   Charlemagne and the “Carolingian Renaissance”  Literary Epic: Song of Roland  Charlemagne’s Palace  The Palace School  Carolingian Manuscripts Music in the Carolingian Period Monasticism under Charlemagne  Society and Culture: St. Benedict and the Benedictine Rule   From the Carolingian to the Ottonian Period   Theater in the Early Middle Ages Liturgy and Drama  Non-Liturgical Drama: Hroswitha of Gandersheim   Northern Europe: Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, and Iceland  Ireland and the Book of Kells  Anglo-Saxon Metalwork and Literature  Beowulf  The Legend of King ArthurSociety and Culture: The Legend of King Arthur through Time        Society and Culture: Chivalry and Medieval Paradigms of Women The Vikings: Ninth to Twelfth CenturyNorse MythologyDress and Chess  Iceland and the Sagas: Ninth to Twelfth Century   Romanesque on the European Continent in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries  Society and Culture: Farming–New Technology and Inventions  Romanesque Art and Architecture The Monastery at Cluny  Society and Culture: The Pilgrimage RoadsMonasticism and Women in the ArtsSainte Marie Madeleine at Vézelay  Society and Culture: The Crusades   The Bayeux Tapestry: Romanesque Narrative   Thematic Parallels: Pilgrimage   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 11: THE DEVELOPMENT AND EXPANSION OF GOTHIC: 1150—1300   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   The Economy, Politics, and Religion   Monastic Developments in the Thirteenth Century  St. Dominic  Defining Moment: The Inquisition  St. Francis of Assisi  Women Monastics in the Thirteenth Century   The Central Role of Paris  Abbot Suger and St. Denis  The Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris  Building the Cathedral  Sainte-Chapelle: The King’s Chapel  Music at the Cathedral School of Notre Dame  The University of Paris  Society and Culture: Medicine in the Middle Ages  Scholasticism: Peter Abelard and Thomas Aquinas  Society and Culture: Abelard and Héloïse   The Development of Gothic Style outside Paris  The Central Portal of Chartres: A Vision of the End of Time  The Cult of the Virgin Late Gothic: Cologne Cathedral   Theater and Literature in the Gothic Period  Dante and the Divine ComedyDante and BeatriceThe PoemThe Circles of HellPurgatoryParadise  Society and Culture: Dante’s Literary Legacy   Thematic Parallels: Views of Paradise   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 12: THE TRANSITION FROM GOTHIC TO EARLY RENAISSANCE: 1300—1450   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   The Late Middle Ages  Society and Culture: The Wool Industry in Florence  The Hundred Years War  Society and Culture: Joan of Arc  Conflict in the ChurchThe Great SchismPhilosophical Challenges to the Church  The Black Death  Defining Moment: Plague Devastates Europe   Late Gothic Trends in Art  The Iconography of Death  The Iconography of Wealth  Society and Culture: A Late Gothic Feast  Society and Culture: Daily Life in the House of a Prosperous Merchant   Theater in the Fourteenth Century   Music  Ars Nova  Society and Culture: The Ordinary of the Mass   Literature in England and France  Geoffrey Chaucer  Christine de Pisan   Humanism in Italy  Literature and MusicPetrarch and Boccaccio  The Visual ArtsPainting: Cimabue and GiottoPetrarch and Boccacio on GiottoGiotto’s Narrative PaintingPainting in Siena  Dominican Iconography and Scholastic Resistance to Humanism   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 13: THE EARLY RENAISSANCE IN ITALY AND NORTHERN EUROPE   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   The Expansion of Humanism  Society and Culture: The Humanist Movement  Advances in Technology  Defining Moment: The Printing Press  Arts and Sciences  Exploration   Florencein the Fifteenth Century  Society and Culture: The Medici Family in the Fifteenth Century  Humanism and the State  The Platonic Academy  Decorating the CityThe Competition of 1401Brunelleschi’s DomeDonatello’s John the EvangelistMasaccio  Society and Culture: Linear PerspectiveAlberti: A Renaissance ManAlberti’s Architecture  Medici PatronageDonatello’s DavidFra Angelico in San MarcoInside the Medici PalaceBotticelli’s Birth of VenusArchitecture: Giuliano da SangalloMusic in Florence under the Medici  Conservative Backlash: Antoninus and Savonarola   The Arts Outside Florence  Society and Culture: Women and their Education in Early Renaissance Italy  The State Portrait  The Equestrian Portrait  The State Bedroom at Mantua  Leonardo in Milan   The Early Renaissance in the North  Painting  Graphic Art  Music Guillaume DufayJosquin Desprez   Thematic Parallels: The Classical Tradition: Revival and Opposition   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 14: THE HIGH RENAISSANCE IN ITALY AND EARLY MANNERISM   Key Topics Introduction Time Chart   Political and Economic Developments  Society and Culture: Technology and the Inventions of Leonardo da Vinci  Cross-cultural Influences: Exploration and Colonialism   Florencein the High Renaissance  Machiavelli  Michelangelo’s David  Leonardo’s Mona Lisa  Leonardo on the Art of Painting versus Sculpture and Poetry  Raphael   High Renaissance Patronage in Rome  A New Saint Peter’s  Raphael’s Schoolof Athens  The Sistine Chapel  Defining Moment: The Sistine Chapel Ceiling: Imagery for the Ages  Michelangelo’s Views on Art   Venicein the High Renaissance  The Aldine Press  Venetian Painting  Music in High Renaissance VeniceThe Gabrielis   Literature and Theater Castiglione’sBook of the Courtier Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso Theater in High Renaissance Italy: From Latin to the Vernacular   Early Mannerism  Painting  Sculpture: Benvenuto Cellini  Society and Culture: Cellini on the Casting of Perseus  Architecture: Giulio Romano and Andrea Palladio   Key Terms Key Questions Suggested Reading Suggested Films   CHAPTER 15: REFORMATION AND REFORM IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE         Introduction The Protestant Reformation  Erasmus and Reform  Martin Luther  Defining Moment: Martin Luther’s 95 Theses John Calvin  Henry VIII and Reform in the English ChurchSociety and Culture: The Six Wives of Henry VIIII   Religious Conflict in France Rabelais Montaigne   The Challenge of Science  Society and Culture: Medicine in the Sixteenth Century   Painting in the North Durer Grunewald Bosch Bruegel   The Counter-Reformation  The Council of Trent: 1545 to 1563  Monastic Reform  The Inquisition  Continuing Conflict   The Impact of Catholic Reform on the Arts  Veronese  Tintoretto  Vignola  El Greco  Music        Elizabethan England  Queen ElizabethSociety and Culture: John Knox on Female Rulers  Music at the Elizabethan CourtWilliam ByrdThomas MorleyThomas Weelkes  Poetry and TheaterSidney and SpenserMarlowe ShakespeareThe Globe PlayhouseThe Plays   CHAPTER 16: ABSOLUTISM AND BAROQUE   Introduction   Politics and Religion  The Thirty Year’s War  Eastern Europe: Peter the Great  The “New World”   Scientists  Kepler  Galileo  Bacon, Harvey, Boyle, and NewtonSociety and Culture: Alchemy  Defining Moment: Newton versus Leibniz  Leeuwenhoek   Philosophy  Hobbes and Locke  Grotius  Descartes and Pascal   Italy: Birthplace of the Baroque  Architecture in Rome: Bernini and Borromini  Sculpture: Bernini  PaintingGaulliCaravaggioSociety and Culture: Carvaggio: Artist and CriminalGentilischi   Baroque Music   Seventeenth -century Spain  Literature: Cervantes  Painting: Velazquez  Spanish Baroque Architecture in the New World   Absolutism and the French Court The Arts under Louis XIV Versailles Literary Reflections of the French Court: Madame de Sevigne and Madame de   Lafayette French Theater  Corneille  Racine  Moliere  Painting: Poussin and Lorrain   Northern Europe RubensThe Marie de’ Medici Cycle  Painting in HollandRembrandtLeysterVermeer  Music BachHandel   England  From Divine Right to Constitutional Monarchy The Arts in EnglandChristopher Wren: Saint Paul’s CathedralLiterature: Milton and Donne   Cross-Cultural Influences: Mughal Art and the Baroque   Thematic Parallels: In Search of Outer Space   CHAPTER 17: FROM ENLIGHTENMENT TO REVOLUTION IN THE 18TH CENTURY   Politics and War   The Enlightenment The PhilosophesDiderotVoltaireMontesquieuRousseau Philosophy in Germany: Leibniz and Kant Great Britain: Philosophy, Economics, and Politics   Art in the Eighteenth Century FranceWatteauBoucherLabille-Guiard  Rococo in Germany: The Wurzburg Residenz Great Britain: Rococo, Satire, and the Neoclassical StyleAdamHogarthSociety and Culture: The Chamber Pot  New Artistic Trends in the Eighteenth CenturyChinoiserieChardin and Bourgeois StyleThe Vogue for Classicism   English Literature in the Eighteenth Century  Poetry: Dryden and Pope  Prose: Swift and Johnson  Drama: Sheridan  The Modern NovelDefoeRichardsonFielding   Music in the Later Eighteenth Century The Musical Galant        Society and Culture: Great Violin Makers of Italy: The Amati, Stradivari, and Guarneri  Rameau and Gluck  The Symphony  Haydn  Mozart  Music and Social Dancing  From Classical to Romantic: Beethoven   Revolutions in America and France  The American Revolution: 1776-1783Society and Culture: Benjamin Franklin and Poor Richard “No Taxation without Representation”“The Shot Heard Around the World”WarDefining Moment: The Declaration of IndependenceToward a New Government: The Constitution and the Bill of RightsThe Federal Style  The French Revolution: 1788-1799Phase One: 1789-1892Phase Two: 1792-1795Society and Culture: The Guillotine and the Sansons   CHAPTER 18: THE EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY AND THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENT   Introduction  Society and Culture: Revolutions in the New World   France: After the Revolution  Napoleon Bonaparte  Neoclassical Style under Napoleon  Restoration, Republic, and Empire   The Romantic Movement in Western Europe Society and Culture: The Industrial Revolution and James Watt’s Steam Engine Philosophy: Kant and Hegel  Painting in Spain and France: Goya, Gericault, Delacroix, and Ingres  Painting and Architecture in EnglandThe Romantic Landscape: Turner and ConstableGothic Revival Architecture  Painting in Germany: Friedrich   Romantic Literature in Europe  Germany: Goethe  France: de Stael, Chateaubriand, Hugo, and Sand          English Romantic PoetsBlakeWordsworth and Coleridge Defining Moment: The Romantic Lyrical Ballads of Wordsworth and Coleridge, 1798Byron, Shelley, and Keats  The English Novel in the Early Nineteenth Century   The Romantic Movement in America  Transcendentalists Alcott and FullerEmerson and Thoreau  Novelists  Poets  Landscape Painting: Romantic Visions   Romantic Music  Beethoven  Schumann and Brahms  Mendelssohn  German Opera: Wagner  Schubert’s Song Cycles  Nationalism in Music: Chopin, Liszt, and Dvorak  Berlioz  Verdi’s Operas  Music at the Turn of the CenturyTchaikovsky and Mussorgsky   GriegSibeliusPuccini   CHAPTER 19: NINETEENTH-CENTURY REALISM, INDUSTRY, AND SOCIAL CHANGE   Introduction   Political Developments   The Industrial Revolution: Technology and Invention   Science  Defining Moment: Louis Pasteur — the Germ Theory of Disease Society and Culture: The Interpretation of Dreams and the Oedipus Complex     Economic and Social Philosophy  Bentham, Mill, and the Utopians  Marxism  Philosophy and Malaise   Literature in Europe  FranceBalzacFlaubertZolaSociety and Culture: The Dreyfus AffairDe Maupassant  EnglandTrollopeDickensEliotGaskellButler  RussiaTolstoyDostoyevsky   Realist Theater  Ibsen  Strindberg  Chekhov   Realism in Music   Realism in the Visual Arts  Courbet  Bonheur  Daumier  Manet  England: The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood  Photography   Developments in the United States  Manifest Destiny  Conflict Between Whites and Native Americans  Civil War: 1861-1865AbolitionistsWar Breaks OutSociety and Culture: Abraham Lincoln, Thinker, Writer, Orator  Realism in Art and Architecture  Literature   Thematic Parallels: News   CHAPTER 20: “MODERN LIFE”: THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY   Introduction   The Emergence of “Modern Life”   Imperialism and the International Economy  The British Empire   Impressionism  Monet  Manet  Degas  Rodin  Renoir  Cassatt  Whistler   The Symbolist Movement  Symbolist PoetryBaudelaireMallarmeVerlaineRimbaud  Symbolist Theater: MaeterlinckSociety and Culture: Alfred Nobel and the Nobel Prize   Music: Debussy  Society and Culture: The Indonesian Gamelan   Post-Impressionism  Toulouse-Lautrec  Seurat  Cezanne  Gauguin  Van Gogh  Munch   The Birth of Film  Edison  The Lumiere Brothers  Defining Moment: The Invention of the Motion Picture Camera  Melies   Cross-Cultural Influences: The Appeal of Japonisme and the Japanese Woodblock Print   CHAPTER 21: TURN OF THE CENTURY TO WORLD WAR I     Introduction   Society and Politics in the Early Twentieth Century   World War I  The Path to War  The Archduke Assassinated  Defining Moment: The Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand — the Beginning of the End of an era  A New Type of War  The End of the War and Its Aftermath   Developments in Russia  Revolution   Technology, Science, and Psychology  Radioactivity and Atomic Research  The Universe of the Unconscious   Fin de Siecle and the Arts  Art Nouveau  Wilde and Beardsley  Society and Culture: Gilbert and Sullivan: The Savoy Operas  The Bloomsbury Group   European Literature  Developments in Children’s LiteratureLewis CarrollSociety and Culture: Nonsense and the Portmanteau WordRobert Louis StevensonJ. M. Barrie  England and Ireland Hardy and JoyceDetective FictionTheater  FranceTheater   Modernism and the Avant-Garde  Futurism: 1909-1915 Expressionism in Art and Literature: the Avant-Garde in Germany and Russia: (1904-1915)KandinskyMalevichDiaghilevKafkaRilke  The Avant-Garde in Paris: Matisse and PicassoMatisse and the FauvesPicasso   Music and the Avant-Garde in Europe  Ravel  Strauss  Mahler  Schoenberg  Stravinsky   Turn of the Century America  Poetry: Frost, Pound, and H.D.  The Visual Arts  The Amory Show: 1913  Film: D. W. Griffith   Music in the United States   CHAPTER 22: WORLD WAR I THROUGH WORLD WAR II   Introduction   The Political and Economic Aftermath of World War I  The Great Depression in the United States  Communism in Russia  The Rise of Fascism and National SocialismItalyGermanyThe Spanish Civil War   World War II  Defining Moment: The Holocaust  The United States Enters the War: 1941-1945   Technology and Expanding Horizons   Philosophy  Logical positivism  Existentialism   Art and Architecture Between the Wars  The Expansion of the Dada Movement after World War I  Surrealism The International Style: De Stijl  The Prairie Style: Frank Lloyd Wright American Regionalism: Thomas Hart Benton The Jazz Age  The Blues  Swing  Society and Culture Box: The Cotton Club in Harlem  The Jazz Age in Paris   The Harlem Renaissance  James Weldon Johnson  Langston Hughes  Countee Cullen  Zora Neale Hurston  William Grant Still   Literature Between the Wars  American Poets and NovelistsEffects of the War: Hemingway and Cather American Society and Landscape: Dreiser, Lewis, Dos Passos,  Fitzgerald, and SteinbeckModernist Authors: cummings, Eliot, and Faulkner  Major European NovelistsRussia: Mikhail Sholokhov         Great Britain Modernists: Woolf and Joyce Social Commentary: Lawrence and HuxleyGermany: Hesse and RemarqueFrance: Celine, Malraux, and Saint-ExuperyScandinavia: Hamsun, Laxness, and Lagerkvist   Theater Between the Wars  Italy: Pirandello  Germany: Brecht  Spain: Lorca  France: Giraudoux and Anouilh  Ireland: Sean O’Casey  America: Eugene O’Neill   Music and Dance in America  Dance: Martha Graham  The American Musical   George Gershwin  Charles Ives  Aaron Copland   Film  Germany: Leni Riefenstahl  The Soviet Union: Sergei Eisenstein  Spain and France: Bunuel, Cocteau, and Carne  The United StatesThe Western: James CruzeSocial Commentary: Chaplin and WellesMusicals: Vidor and BerkeleyAnimation: Walt DisneyRomance: Gone with the Wind Cross-Cultural Influences: Films in Japan, Akira Kurosawa   CHAPTER 23: 1945 TO 1989 — THE COLD WAR TO DÉTENTE            Introduction   The Cold War Society and Culture Box: Churchill’s “Iron Curtain Speech” The USSRControl of Eastern EuropePerestroika and Glasnost The United StatesThe Korean WarLatin AmericaThe Vietnam WarDétenteDomestic Turmoil  The Civil Rights Movement Defining Moment: Rosas Parks keeps her seat on the bus Society and Culture Box: Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream” speech The Feminist Movement  Israel and Conflict in the Middle East The Emerging Third WorldSouth AfricaIndia and PakistanThe French ColoniesChina   Science and Technology   Philosophy: Structuralism, Post-Structuralism, and Deconstruction  Structuralism  Post-Structuralism and Deconstruction   Art and Architecture  Self-taught: Horace Pippin  The American Scene: Edward Hopper  Abstract Expressionism  Pop Art  Performance  Minimalism  Conceptual Art: Sol LeWitt  Photo-Realism  Earth Art  Feminist Iconography: Judy Chicago  Gender: Robert Mapplethorpe  African-American Appropriation: Robert Caldescott  Graffiti Art: Jean-Michel Basquiat  Video Art: Nam June Paik  Post-Modern Architecture   Literature  France: Camus  Germany: The Holocaust: Frank and Wiesel  The Soviet Union: Pasternak and Solzenitsyn  Great Britain: Orwell and Thomas  The United StatesW. H. AudenJohn HerseyJoseph HellerJ. D. SalingerSylvia PlathThe Beat WritersAfrican-American Themes: Ellison, Baldwin, Walker, and Morrison  Africa and South Africa: Colonial Themes: Lessing and Gordimer  Latin America: Magic Realism: Neruda, Marquez, and Allende  Japan: Kawabata   Theater  France: Satre, Beckett, and Ionesco  The United States: Miller and Albee   Music  Musicals  Dance  Opera  Composers: Shostakovich, Britten, and Cage Popular Music   Film  Italy: Fellini  Sweden: Bergman  India:  Satyajit Ray  France: The New Wave: Rohmer  The United States: Lucas and Spielberg   Thematic Parallels: Heartthrobs of Western History   CHAPTER 24: AFTER 1989    Introduction   Europeand the Collapse of Communism  Yugoslavia  Europe after the Cold War   The United States and the Global Struggle with Terrorism  Defining Moment: September 11, 2001   Asiaand the Developing World   Science and Technology   Art and Architecture  Digital Installation  Altering the Environment  Iconography of Genetic Mutation: Matthew Barney  Cross-cultural Art in America  Modernism in China  Post-modern Architecture after 1989   Music at the Turn of the 21st Century   Literature  Germany: Gunter Grass - Reflections of the 20th century  South Africa: J. M. Coetzee  Canada: Margaret Attwood — Futuristic Feminism  Japan: Oe and Ishiguro  India: Arundhati Roy  China: Ha jin   Theater  The United States: Wilson, Mamet, and Kushner  Great Britain: Stoppard and Churchill   Film  Social CommentaryFilm in China: Zhang YimouTrainspotting: the Drug Culture Osama  Special Effects and Animation Lord of the RingsFinding Nemo   Epilogue: The Spirit of the Humanities