New edition of the popular textbook, comprehensively updated throughout and now includes a new dedicated website for gas dynamic calculations The thoroughly revised and updated third edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics maintains the focus on gas flows below hypersonic. This targeted approach provides a cohesive and rigorous examination of most practical engineering problems in this gas dynamics flow regime. The conventional one-dimensional flow approach together with the role of temperature-entropy diagrams are highlighted throughout. The authors—noted experts in the field—include a modern computational aid, illustrative charts and tables, and myriad examples of varying degrees of difficulty to aid in the understanding of the material presented. The updated edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics includes new sections on the shock tube, the aerospike nozzle, and the gas dynamic laser. The book contains all equations, tables, and charts necessary to work the problems and exercises in each chapter. This book’s accessible but rigorous style: Offers a comprehensively updated edition that includes new problems and examples Covers fundamentals of gas flows targeting those below hypersonic Presents the one-dimensional flow approach and highlights the role of temperature-entropy diagrams Contains new sections that examine the shock tube, the aerospike nozzle, the gas dynamic laser, and an expanded coverage of rocket propulsion Explores applications of gas dynamics to aircraft and rocket engines Includes behavioral objectives, summaries, and check tests to aid with learning Written for students in mechanical and aerospace engineering and professionals and researchers in the field, the third edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics has been updated to include recent developments in the field and retains all its learning aids. The calculator for gas dynamics calculations is available at www.oscarbiblarz.com/gascalculator

Table of Contents:
Preface to Third Edition xi Preface to Second Edition xiii To the Student xv About the Companion Website xix 1 Definitions and Fundamental Principles 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Units and Notation 2 1.3 Why we use Nondimensional Quantities 8 1.4 Thermodynamic Concepts for Control Mass Analysis 12 Review Questions 21 Review Problems 24 2 Control Volume Analysis—Part I 27 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 Objectives 28 2.3 Flow Dimensionality and Average Velocity 28 2.4 Transformation of a Material Derivative to a Control Volume Approach 31 2.5 Conservation of Mass 37 2.6 Conservation of Energy 39 2.7 Summary 48 Problems 50 Check Test 53 3 Control Volume Analysis—Part II 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Objectives 55 3.3 Comments on Entropy 56 3.4 Pressure-Energy Equation 58 3.5 The Stagnation Concept 60 3.6 Stagnation Pressure-Energy Equation 64 3.7 Consequences of Constant Density 66 3.8 Momentum Equation 71 3.9 Summary 80 Problems 82 Check Test 88 4 Introduction to Compressible Flow 91 4.1 Introduction 91 4.2 Objectives 92 4.3 Sonic Speed and Mach Number 92 4.4 Wave Propagation 98 4.5 Equations for Perfect Gases in Terms of Mach Number 100 4.6 h–s and T–s Diagrams 107 4.7 Summary 108 Problems 109 Check Test 112 5 Varying-Area Adiabatic Flow 115 5.1 Introduction 115 5.2 Objectives 116 5.3 General Fluid with No Losses 117 5.4 Perfect Gases with Losses 123 5.5 The ∗ Reference Concept 127 5.6 Isentropic Table 129 5.7 Nozzle Operation 136 5.8 Nozzle Performance 144 5.9 Diffuser Performance 146 5.10 When γ is not Equal to 1.4 148 5.11 Beyond the Tables 148 5.12 Summary 152 Problems 153 Check Test 157 6 Standing Normal Shocks 159 6.1 Introduction 159 6.2 Objectives 160 6.3 Shock Analysis: General Fluid 160 6.4 Working Equations for Perfect Gases 163 6.5 Normal-Shock Table 167 6.6 Shocks in Nozzles 172 6.7 Supersonic Wind Tunnel Operation 178 6.8 When γ is not Equal to 1.4 180 6.9 (Optional) Beyond the Tables 182 6.10 Summary 183 Problems 184 Check Test 188 7 Moving and Oblique Shocks 191 7.1 Introduction 191 7.2 Objectives 192 7.3 Normal Velocity Superposition: Moving Normal Shocks 192 7.4 Tangential Velocity Superposition: Oblique Shocks 196 7.5 Oblique-Shock Analysis: Perfect Gas 202 7.6 Oblique-Shock Table and Charts 204 7.7 Boundary Condition of Flow Direction 206 7.8 Boundary Condition of Pressure Equilibrium 210 7.9 Conical Shocks 213 7.10 The Shock Tube 216 7.11 (Optional) Beyond the Tables 219 7.12 Summary 221 Problems 222 Check Test 227 8 Prandtl–Meyer Flow 229 8.1 Introduction 229 8.2 Objectives 229 8.3 Argument for Isentropic Turning Flow 230 8.4 Analysis of Prandtl–Meyer Flow 237 8.5 Prandtl–Meyer Function 241 8.6 Overexpanded and Underexpanded Nozzles 244 8.7 Supersonic Airfoils 249 8.8 Aerospike Nozzle 254 8.9 When γ is not Equal to 1.4 256 8.10 (Optional) Beyond the Tables 257 8.11 Summary 258 Problems 259 Check Test 264 9 Fanno Flow 267 9.1 Introduction 267 9.2 Objectives 267 9.3 Analysis for a General Fluid 268 9.4 Working Equations for Perfect Gases 275 9.5 Reference State and Fanno Table 280 9.6 Applications 285 9.7 Correlation with Shocks 290 9.8 Friction Choking 292 9.9 (Optional) How the Left-Hand-Side of Equation (9.40) Arose 296 9.10 When γ is not Equal to 1.4 296 9.11 (Optional) Beyond the Tables 297 9.12 Summary 298 Problems 300 Check Test 305 10 Rayleigh Flow 307 10.1 Introduction 307 10.2 Objectives 308 10.3 Analysis for a General Fluid 309 10.4 Working Equations for Perfect Gases 319 10.5 Reference State and the Rayleigh Table 323 10.6 Applications 326 10.7 Correlation with Shocks 330 10.8 Thermal Choking Due to Heating 334 10.9 When γ is not Equal to 1.4 338 10.10 (Optional) Beyond the Tables 338 10.11 Summary 339 Problems 341 Check Test 347 11 Real Gas Effects 349 11.1 Introduction 349 11.2 Objectives 350 11.3 What’s Really Going on 351 11.4 Semiperfect Gas Behavior and Development of the Gas Tables 354 11.5 Real Gas Behavior, Equations of State and, Compressibility Factors 361 11.6 Variable-γ Variable-Area Flows 365 11.7 Variable-γ Constant-Area Flows 373 11.8 High-Energy Gas Lasers 375 11.9 Summary 377 Problems 380 Check Test 381 12 Propulsion Systems 383 12.1 Introduction 383 12.2 Objectives 384 12.3 Brayton Cycle 384 12.4 Propulsion Engines 394 12.5 General Performance Parameters, Thrust, Power, and Efficiency 412 12.6 Air-Breathing Propulsion Systems Performance Parameters 419 12.7 Air-Breathing Propulsion Systems Incorporating Real Gas Effects 424 12.8 Rocket Propulsion Systems Performance Parameters 426 12.9 Supersonic Diffusers 431 12.10 Summary 434 Problems 435 Check Test 439 Appendices A Summary of the English Engineering (EE) System of Units 441 B Summary of the International System (SI) of Units 445 C Friction-Factor Chart 449 D Oblique-Shock Charts (γ = 1.4) (Two-Dimensional) 451 E Conical-Shock Charts (γ = 1.4) (Three-Dimensional) 455 F Generalized Compressibility Factor Chart 459 G Isentropic Flow Parameters (γ = 1.4) (Including Prandtl–Meyer Function) 461 H Normal-Shock Parameters (γ = 1.4) 473 I Fanno Flow Parameters (γ = 1.4) 483 J Rayleigh Flow Parameters (γ = 1.4) 495 K Properties of Air at Low Pressure 507 L Specific Heats of Air at Low Pressures 517 Selected References 519 Answers to Problems 523 Index 535