Functionalized nanomaterials have extremely useful properties, which can outperform their conventional counterparts because of their superior chemical, physical, and mechanical properties and exceptional formability. They are being used for the development and innovation in a range of industrial sectors. However, the use of functionalized nanomaterials is still in its infancy in many industrial settings. Functionalized nanomaterials have the potential to create cheaper and more effective consumer products and industrial processes. However, they also could have adverse effects on the environment, human health, and safety, and their sustainability is questionable, if used incorrectly. This book discusses the opportunities and challenges of using functionalized nanomaterials in a variety of major industrial sectors. Handbook of Functionalized Nanomaterials for Industrial Applications provides a concise summary of the major applications of functionalized nanomaterials in industry today. It covers the enhancements in industrial techniques and processes, due to functionalized nanomaterials, showing how they substantially improve the performance of existing procedures, and how they can deliver exciting consumer products more cheaply. Emphasis is given to greener approaches, leading to more sustainable products and devices. The legal, economical, and toxicity aspects of functionalized nanomaterials are also discussed in detail.

Table of Contents:
List of contributors Preface Section 1 Different kinds of functionalized nanomaterial for industrial use nanomaterials 1. Functionalization of nanomaterials for industrial applications: recent and future perspectives Sukanchan Palit and Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The vision of the study 1.3 Nanotrends in industrial development 1.4 Potential of nanomaterials 1.5 What are functionalized nanomaterials? 1.6 The use of functionalized nanomaterials in industry 1.7 Current research on nanomaterials 1.8 Recent scientific research in the field of functionalized nanomaterials 1.9 The scientific vision of energy and environmental sustainability 1.10 Recent research in environmental protection and industrial ecology 1.11 Integrated water resource management and human factor engineering 1.12 Groundwater remediation and nanotechnology 1.13 Future research trends in nanotechnology and nanomaterials 1.14 Conclusion and future perspectives References Further reading 2. Mixed-matrix membranes incorporated with functionalized nanomaterials for water applications Woon-Chan Chong, Chai-Hoon Koo and Woei-Jye Lau 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Mixed-matrix membranes incorporated with carbon-based nanomaterials 2.3 Mixed-matrix membranes incorporated with titania-based nanomaterials 2.4 Mixed-matrix membranes incorporated with other nanomaterials 2.5 Adsorptive mixed-matrix membranes for heavy-metal removal 2.6 Conclusion and future remarks References Section 2 Functionalized nanomaterial for catalysis industry 3. Photocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction for energy conversion and storage of functional nanomaterials K. Kaviyarasu, C. Maria Magdalane, A. Raja, N. Matinise, N. Mayedwa, N. Mongwaketsi, Douglas Letsholathebe, G.T. Mola, Naif AbdullahAl-Dhabi, Mariadhas Valan Arasu, G. Ramalingam, S.B. Mohamed, Abdulgalim B. Isaev, K. Kanimozhi, A.K.H. Bashir, J. Kennedy and M. Maaza 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Conclusion References 4. Functionalized metal-based nanoelectrocatalysts for water splitting R.M.P.I. Rajakaruna and I.R. Ariyarathna 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Functionalized nanoelectrocatalysts for HER 4.3 OER catalysts 4.4 Bifunctional electrocatalysts 4.5 Summary References 5. Functionalized nanographene for catalysis Santosh Bahadur Singh and Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain 5.1 Nanographene: an introduction 5.2 Functionalization of nanographene 5.3 Catalytic properties and applications of functionalized nanographene 5.4 Industrial, environmental, and health issues of nanographene 5.5 Conclusions and future aspects References Section 3 Functionalized nanomaterials for biomedical, pharmaceutical, agriculture, and agri-food industry Section Functionalized nanomaterial and biology 6. Biocompatible nanodelivery systems for the delivery of bioactive compounds H. Turasan and J.L. Kokini 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Fabrication methods of biopolymer-based nanodelivery systems 6.3 Conclusions References 7. Biopolymer-based nanomaterials for food, nutrition, and healthcare sectors: an overview on their properties, functions, and applications Mohammad Reza Kasaai 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Sources, structure, and characteristics 7.3 Preparation of biopolymer-based nanomaterials 7.4 Applications of biopolymer-based nanomaterials 7.5 Conclusions 7.6 Future perspectives Funding Conflict of interests References Further reading 8. Surface functionalization of PLGA nanoparticles for drug delivery Joana A.D. Sequeira, Irina Pereira, Anto´ nio J. Ribeiro, Francisco Veiga and Ana Cl´audia Santos 8.1 Introduction: background and driving forces 8.2 Active targeting by surface functionalization of PLGA nanoparticles 8.3 Noncovalent functionalization of PLGA nanoparticles 8.4 Nucleic acid-functionalized PLGA 8.5 Concluding remarks Acknowledgements References 9. Biomedical-related applications of functionalized nanomaterials Mafalda R. Almeida, M´ arcia C. Neves, Sergio Morales-Torres, Mara G. Freire, Joaquim L. Faria, Vale´ ria C. Santos-Ebinuma, Cl´audia G. Silva and Ana P.M. Tavares 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Functionalized nanoparticles in the biopharmaceutical sector 9.3 Types and synthesis procedures of functionalized nanomaterials 9.4 Immobilization of functionalized nanomaterials in membranes 9.5 Functionalized nanoparticles as drug delivery systems 9.6 Conclusions and future trends Acknowledgments References 10. Functionalized nanomaterials for biomedical and agriculture industries P. Chandra Kanth, Sandeep Kumar Verma and Nidhi Gour 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Strategies for functionalization of nanomaterials 10.3 Functionalized nanomaterials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications 10.4 Application of functionalized nanomaterials in agriculture and agroindustry 10.5 Conclusion References Further reading Section 4 Functionalized Nanomaterials for Electronics, Electrical and Energy Industry 11. Functionalized nanomaterials for electronics and electrical and energy industries Shrabani De and Rashmi Madhuri 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Industrial applications 11.3 Conclusion Author declaration References Section 5 Functionalized nanomaterial in environmental industry 12. Functionalization of graphene oxide with metal oxide nanomaterials: synthesis and applications for the removal of inorganic, toxic, environmental pollutants from water Shraban Ku Sahoo and G. Hota 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Preparation of metal oxides functionalized GO nanocomposites 12.3 Removal of inorganic pollutants from water using metal oxide-functionalized GO_nanosubstrates 12.4 Conclusions References 13. Remediation of organic pollutants by potential functionalized nanomaterials Manviri Rani and Uma Shanker 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Environmental concern of organic pollutants 13.3 Green synthesis in FNMs 13.4 Necessity of functionalization of NMs for remediation of organic contaminants 13.5 Working mechanism of FNPs 13.6 Importance of green synthesis in FNMs 13.7 Organic dyes 13.8 Degradation of OP pesticides by FNMs 13.9 Toxicity and functionalized nanoparticles 13.10 Conclusions and future perspectives References Further Reading 14. Implications of surface coatings on engineered nanomaterials for environmental systems: status quo, challenges, and perspectives Ndeke Musee, Samuel Leareng, Lemme Kebaabetswe, Gosaitse Tubatsi, Ntombikayise Mahaye and Melusi Thwala 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Implications of coatings for engineered nanomaterial transformation in environmental systems 14.3 Influence of engineered nanomaterial coatings on cellular organisms toxicity 14.4 Molecular approaches to toxicity of engineered nanomaterials: effects of coatings 14.5 Concluding remarks and perspectives References 15. Functionalized halloysite nanotubes: an "ecofriendly" nanomaterial in environmental industry Gaurav Pandey, Maithri Tharmavaram and Deepak Rawtani 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Functionalization techniques for halloysite nanotubes 15.3 Applications of functionalized halloysite nanotubes in environmental industry 15.4 Conclusion and future prospects References 16. Functionalized nanomaterials for chemical sensor applications Sing Muk Ng 16.1 Introduction 16.2 General characteristics of NMs for chemical-sensing applications 16.3 The engineering aspects for functionalization of NMs 16.4 Sensing applications 16.5 Summary and future perspectives References 17. Porous nanocomposites for water treatment: past, present, and future Xiaolin Zhang, Zhixian Li, Ziniu Deng and Bingcai Pan 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Nanocomposite adsorbents 17.3 Nanocomposite membranes for water purification 17.4 Nanocomposite catalysts 17.5 Summary and perspectives References 18. Impact of functionalized nanomaterials toward the environmental remediation: challenges and future needs Aashima and S.K. Mehta 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Implementation of functionalized nanomaterial: water pollution remediation 18.3 Implementation of functionalized nanomaterial: air pollution remediation 18.4 Implementation of functionalized nanomaterial: soil pollution remediation 18.5 Conclusion 18.6 Future scope and challenges 18.7 Acknowledgment References Section 6 Functionalized nanomaterial in surfaces and coatings (consumer products) 19. Natural-based consumer health nanoproducts: medicines, cosmetics, and food supplements Ana Henriques Mota, Alexandra Sousa, Mariana Figueira, Mariana Amaral, Bruno Sousa, Joa˜o Rocha, Elias Fattal, Anto´ nio Jose´ Almeida and Catarina Pinto Reis 19.1 Natural sources 19.2 Nanotechnology in medicines 19.3 Nanoproducts in food supplements 19.4 Natural products, nanotechnology, and skin 19.5 Conclusions References Section 7 Functionalized nanomaterial in textiles industry 20. Functional nanofibers: fabrication, functionalization, and potential applications Nabil A. Ibrahim, Moustafa M.G. Fouda and Basma M. Eid 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Electrospinning 20.3 Fabrication steps 20.4 Polymers used in electrospun NFs 20.5 Functional NFs 20.6 Potential applications 20.7 Future trends Abbreviations References 21. Nanoengineered textiles: from advanced functional nanomaterials to groundbreaking high-performance clothing Clara Pereira, Andre´ M. Pereira, Cristina Freire, Taˆnia V. Pinto, Rui S. Costa and Joana S. Teixeira 21.1 Nanotechnology on textiles 21.2 Nanoengineered textiles: functionalization processes 21.3 Functional nanomaterials from production to textile applications 21.4 Future trends and prospects Acknowledgments References Section 8 Functionalized nanomaterial in cosmetics industry 22. Functional nanomaterials for the cosmetics industry Suman Singh_, Satish Kumar Pandey_ and Neelam Vishwakarma 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Cosmetics: performance enhancement using nanotechnology 22.3 Nanocosmetics: types and applications 22.4 Classification of nanocosmetics on the basis of formulation technologies 22.5 Nanocosmetics: some popular categories 22.6 Nanotechnology for UV protection 22.7 Formulation and manufacturing aspects 22.8 Guidance documents on nanomaterials in cosmetics 22.9 Safety assurance 22.10 Impurity profiling 22.11 Evaluation of nanomaterial toxicology 22.12 Toxicity testing 22.13 Conclusions Acknowledgment References 23. Naturally derived pyroxene nanomaterials: an ore for wide applications Gerardo Vitale, Ghada Nafie, Afif Hethnawi and Nashaat N. Nassar 23.1 Introduction 23.2 Synthesis of iron_silicate-based nanomaterials by the hydrothermal method 23.3 Conclusions References 24. Nanomaterial-based cosmeceuticals Pravin Shende, Drashti Patel and Anjali Takke 24.1 Introduction 24.2 Nanomaterials in cosmeceuticals 24.3 Classification of nanocosmeceuticals 24.4 Penetration of nanoparticles 24.5 Toxicity of nanocosmeceuticals 24.6 Safety of nanocosmeceuticals 24.7 Regulations of nanocosmeceuticals 24.8 Conclusions and future perspectives References Further reading Section 9 Functionalized nanomaterials for aerospace, vehicle and sports industry 25. Functionalized nanomaterials for the aerospace, vehicle, and sports industries Sadaf Abbasi, M.H. Peerzada, Sabzoi Nizamuddin and Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak 25.1 Introduction 25.2 Types of nanomaterials 25.3 Properties of functional nanomaterials 25.4 Applications of functional nanomaterials 25.5 Benefits and challenges 25.6 Conclusion References Section 10 Functionalized nanomaterial in construction industry 26. Nanomaterials for enhancement of thermal energy storage in building and industrial applications Teng Xiong and Kwok Wei Shah 26.1 Introduction 26.2 Nanometal enhancer 26.3 Nanometal oxide enhancer 26.4 Nanocarbon enhancer 26.5 Conclusions References 27. Application of functionalized nanomaterials in asphalt road construction materials Henglong Zhang, Chongzheng Zhu, Chuanwen Wei, Haihui Duan and Jianying Yu 27.1 Introduction 27.2 Application of organic layered silicate in asphalt 27.3 Application of surface modification inorganic nanoparticles in asphalt 27.4 Applications of multidimensional nanomaterials in asphalt 27.5 Future trends in research of functionalized nanomaterialmodified asphalt References Section 11 Functionalized Nanomaterial in Wood & Paper-Related Applications 28. Functional Rubber_Clay Nanotube Composites With Sustained Release of Protective Agents Ye Fu, Liqun Zhang and Yuri Lvov 28.1 Introduction 28.2 Encapsulation and sustained release of chemical agents 28.3 Functional halloysite_rubber nanocomposites 28.4 Conclusions References Section 12 Environmental, Legal, Health and Safety Issues of Functionalized Nanomaterials 29. Handbook of surface-functionalized nanomaterials: safety and legal aspects Neil John Hunt 29.1 Introduction 29.2 Different types of surface modification 29.3 Effect of surface on biological mechanisms 29.4 Substance-specific examples 29.5 Allotropes of carbon 29.6 Polymeric nanomaterials 29.7 Quantum dots 29.8 Inorganic elements and oxides 29.9 Regulatory and legal issues that impact surface-functionalized nanomaterials 29.10 Current REACH situation with nanomaterials 29.11 Board of appeal review 29.12 Amendments to the annexes of REACH (2019) 29.13 Other EU regulations 29.14 Other national regulations that impact nanomaterials 29.15 Conclusion References Further reading 30. Functional nanomaterials: selected legal and regulatory issues Md. Ershadul Karim 30.1 Introduction 30.2 Functional nanomaterials: an overview 30.3 Functionalized nanomaterials: applications, human health, and environmental concerns 30.4 Functionalized nanomaterials: legal and regulatory aspects 30.5 Functionalized nanomaterials: highlights of legal and regulatory initiatives 30.6 Discussion 30.7 Conclusion References 31. Functional nanomaterials: selected occupational health and safety concerns Md. Ershadul Karim 31.1 Introduction 31.2 ENMs and OHS concerns 31.3 ENMs and OHS laws: an overview 31.4 Initiatives taken by the stakeholders 31.5 Evaluation 31.6 Conclusion References Index Contents xv