Where did the ideas of heaven and hell come from?
'An engaging but expert guide.' THE TIMES
As strange as it may seem to us now, there was a time when no one thought they would go to heaven or hell after they died. In fact, there is no mention of them in the Old Testament, and Jesus did not believe the souls of the departed were bound for either realm.
In this gripping history of the afterlife, Bart Ehrman reveals how the concepts of heaven and hell developed and took hold, and why they endure to this day. He examines the social, cultural and historical roots of competing views held by Greeks, Jews and Christians, and traces how beliefs changed over time. Ultimately, he shows that many of our ideas about heaven and hell emerged long after Jesus’s time, through the struggle to explain the injustices of the world.
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'There’s no one I’d rather read on what Christians believe, and why they believe it, than Bart Ehrman.' TOM BISSELL, AUTHOR OF APOSTLE
'An impressively readable, clear and wide-ranging study.' SPECTATOR
'This elegant history explores the evolution of the concept of the afterlife in Western thought... presented with engaging clarity.' THE NEW YORKER
Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments
Preface
Chapter One: Guided Tours of Heaven and Hell
Chapter Two: The Fear of Death
Chapter Three: Life After Death Before There Was Life After Death
Chapter Four: Will Justice Be Done? The Rise of Postmortem Rewards and Punishments
Chapter Five: Death After Death in the Hebrew Bible
Chapter Six: Dead Bodies That Return to Life: The Resurrection in Ancient Israel
Chapter Seven: Why Wait for the Resurrection? Life After Death Right After Death
Chapter Eight: Jesus and the Afterlife
Chapter Nine: The Afterlife After Jesus’s Life: Paul the Apostle
Chapter Ten: Altering the Views of Jesus: The Later Gospels
Chapter Eleven: The Afterlife Mysteries of the Book of Revelation
Chapter Twelve: Eternal Life in the Flesh
Chapter Thirteen: Tactile Ecstasy and Torment in the Christian Hereafter
Chapter Fourteen: Who Will Inherit the Blessings? Purgatory, Reincarnation, and Salvation for All
Afterword
Notes
Index
