Internetworking Protocol (IP) addresses are the unique numeric identifiers required of every device connected to the Internet. They allow for the precise routing of data across very complex worldwide internetworks. The rules for their format and use are governed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) of the The Internet SOCiety (ISOC). In response to the exponential increase in demand for new IP addresses, the IETF has finalized its revision on IP addressing as IP Version 6, also know as IPng (ng = Next Generation). Key hardware vendors such as Cisco and major Internet Service Providers such as America Online have already announced plans to migrate to IP Version 6. IP address allocation within an organization requires a lot of long-term planning. This timely publication addresses the administrator and engineer's need to know how IP 6 impacts their enterprise networks.

Table of Contents:
Preface Why this Book is Necessary Contents of this Book Editor's Acknowledgment Chapter 1 Addressing and Subnetting Basic IP Address Basic Classful Addressing-Structure an Size of Each Type Address Assignment Examples The Purpose of Subnetting The BasicFixed-Length Max What the Mask Does Components of a Mask Binary Determination of Mask Values Decimal Equivalent Mask Values Creating Mask for Various Networking Problems Addresses and Mask Interaction Reserved and Restricted Address Determining the range of Addresses within Subnets Determining Subnet Addresses Given a Single Address and Mask Interpreting Masks Reserved Addresses Summary FAQs Chapter 2 Creating an Addressing Plan for Fixed-Length Mask Networks Introduction Determine Addressing Requirements Review Your Internetwork Design How Many Subnets Do You Need? How Many IP Addresses Are Needed in Each Subnet? Choose the Proper Mask Consult the Tables Obtain IP Addresses From Your Organization's Network Manager From Your ISP From Your Internet Registry Calculate Ranges of IP Addresses for Each Subnet Doing It the Hard Way Worksheets Subnet Calculators Allocate Addresses to Devices Assigning Subnets Assigning Device Addresses Document Your Work Keeping Track of What You've Done Paper Spreadsheets Databases In Any Case Summary FAQs Exercises Subnetting Tables Class A Subnetting Table Class B Subnetting Table Class C Subnetting Table Subnet Assignment Worksheet Chapter 3 Private Addressing and Subnetting Large Networks Introduction Strategies to Conserve Addresses CIDR VLSM Private Addresses Addressing Economics An Appeal Public vs Private Address Spaces Can I Pick My Own? RFC 1918~Private Network Addresses The Three-Address Blocks Considerations Which to Use When Strategy for Subnetting a Class A Private Network The Network The Strategy Address Assignment Results Summary FAQs Exercises Chapter 4 Network Address Translation Introduction Hiding Behind the Router/Firewall What Is NAT? How Does NAT Work? Network Address Translation (Static) How Does Static NAT Work? Double NAT Problems with Static NAT Configuration Examples Network Address Translation (Dynamic) How Does Dynamic NAT Work? Problems with Dynamic NAT Configuration Examples Port Address Translation (PAT) How Does PAT Work? Problems with PAT Configuration Examples What Are the Advantages? What Are the Performance Issues? Proxies and Firewall Capabilities Packet Filters Proxies Stateful Packet Filters Stateful Packet Filter with Rewrite Why a Proxy Server Is Really Not a NAT Shortcomings of SPF Summary FAQs References & Resources RFCs IP Masquerade/Linux Cisco Windows NAT Whitepapers Firewalls Chapter 5 Variable-Length Subnet Masking Introduction Why Are Variable-Length Masks Necessary?. Right-sizing Your Subnets More Addresses or More Useful Addresses? The Importance of Proper Planning Creating and Managing Variable-Length Subnets Analyze Subnet Needs Enumerate Each Subnet and Number of Required Nodes Determine Which Mask to Use in Each Subnet Allocate Addresses Based on Need For Each Subnet Routing Protocols and VI~M Class C VI~M Problem Completing the Class C Problem Template-based Address Assignment Summary FAQs Chapter 6 Routing Issues Introduction Classless Interdomain Routing From Millions to Thousands of Networks ISP Address Assignment Using CIDR Addresses Inside Your Network Contiguous Subnets IGRP EIGRP EIGRP Concepts RIP-1 Requirements Comparison with IGRP Routing Update Impact RIP-2 Requirements OSPF Configuring OSPF Routing Update Impact OSPF Implementation Recommendations BGP Requirements IBGP and EBGP Requirements Loopback Interfaces Summary FAQs Chapter 7 Automatic Assignment of IP Addresses with BOOTP and DHCP Objectives Introduction The Role of Dynamic Address Assignment A Brief History Address Management with These Tools Field Descriptions and Comments BOOTP Process Details The BOOTP Server Database How Does DHCP Work? DHCP-Specific Options Interoperation between DHCP and BOOTP DHCP Address Scopes Comparing BOOTP and DHCP How BOOTP Works DHCP / BOOTP Options BOOTP, DHCP, and Routed Networks The BOOTP Relay Agent The Role of the GIADDR Other Fields Involved BOOTP Implementation Checklist DHCP Implementation Checklist Summary FAQs Chapter 8 Multicast Addressing What Is Multicast? Mapping IP Multicast to the Link Layer Joining the Group IGMP Multicast Routing Protocols Mbone Multicast Addresses Transient and Permanent Addresses Generic Assignments IANA Assignments Scope of Multicast Addresses Using TTL Administrative Scopes IP Stacks and Multicast Why Multicast? Efficiency of Bandwidth Usage and Scaling Discovering Efficient Channel Industry Summary FAQ References Chapter 9 IPv6 Addressing Introduction IPv6 Addressing Basics IPv6 Addressing Scheme Characteristics Version Traffic Class Flow Label Payload Length Next Header More Bits! A More Flexible Hierarchical Organization of Addresses Minimizing the Size of Routing Tables Global Addresses for the Internet and Local Addresses for Intranet IPv6 Benefits Increased IP Address Size Increased Addressing Hierarchy Support Simplified Host Addressing Simpler Autoconfiguration of Addresses Improved Scalability of Multicast Routing The Anycast Address The Need for Further Development The Multihoming Problem The 6Bone Summary FAQ Chapter 10 The IPv6 Header Introduction Expanded Addressing Simplified Header Improved Support for Extension and Option Flow and Flow Labeling Authentication and Privacy IPv6 Header IPv4 Header Extension Headers Hop-by-Hop Option Header Routing Header Fragment Header Authentication Header Encapsulating Security Payload Destination Options Header Upper-Layer Protocol Issues Summary FAQs References Appendix A Address Assignment Introduction Registries Provider-Based Assignments Cost of an IP Address How to Find an IPv4 Address Delegation How to Find an IPv6 Address Delegation Internet Governance Summary Index