This anthology of black writers traces the evolution of African-American perspectives throughout American history, from the early years of slavery to the end of the 20th century. The essays, manifestos, interviews, and documents assembled here, contextualized with critical commentaries from Marable and Mullings, introduce the reader to the character and important controversies of each period of black history. The selections represent a broad spectrum of ideology. Conservative, radical, nationalistic, and integrationist approaches can be found in almost every period, yet there have been striking shifts in the evolution of social thought and activism. The editors judiciously illustrate how both continuity and change affected the African-American community in terms of its internal divisions, class structure, migration, social problems, leadership, and protest movements. They also show how gender, spirituality, literature, music, and connections to Africa and the Caribbean played a prominent role in black life and history. To view the companion study guide, please click here http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com/ISBN/0742527093

Table of Contents:
Chapter 1 Introduction Resistance, Reform, and Renewal in the Black Experience Chapter 3 "The Interesting Nature of the Life of Olaudah Equiano," Olaudah Equiano, 1789 Part 3 Foundations: Slavery and Abolitionism, 1789-1861 Chapter 4 "Thus Doth Ethiopia Stretch Forth Her Hand From Slavery, to Freedom and Equality," Prince Hall, 1797 Chapter 5 The Founding of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Richard Allen, 1816 Chapter 6 David Walker's "Appeal", 1829-1830 Chapter 7 The Statement of Nat Turner, 1831 Chapter 8 Slaves Are Prohibited to Read and Write by Law, 1831 Chapter 9 "What If I Am A Woman?" Maria W. Stewart, 1833 Chapter 10 A Slave Denied the Rights to Marry, Letter of Milo Thompson, Slave, 1834 Chapter 11 Solomon Northrup Describes a New Orleans Slave Auction, 1841 Chapter 12 Cinque and the Amistad Revolt, 1841 Chapter 13 "Let Your Motto Be Resistance!," Henry Highland Garner, 1843 Chapter 14 "A'n't I a Woman?" Sojourner Truth, 1851 Chapter 15 Frederick Douglass: What to the Slave is the Fourth of July, 1852 Chapter 18 The Spirituals: Go down Moses and Didn't My Lord Deliver Daniel Chapter 19 "No Rights That a White Man is Bound to Respect": The Dred Scott Case and Its Aftermath Chapter 20 "Whenever the Colored Man Is Elevated, It Will Be by His Own Exertions," John S. Rock, 1858 Part 21 Reconstruction and Reaction: The Aftermath of Slavery and the Dawn of Segregation, 1891-1915 Chapter 22 Frederick Douglass: What the Black Man Wants, 1865 Chapter 23 Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, Pioneering Black Feminist Chapter 23 Henry McNeal Turner, Black Christian Nationalist Part 24 Black Urban Workers During Reconstruction Chapter 24 "Labor and Conflict Are in Deadly Conflict" T. Thomas Fortune, 1886 Chapter 25 Edward Wilmot Blyden and African Disapora Chapter 26 Paul Laurence Dunbar: I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Part 27 From Plantation to Ghetto: The Great Migration, Harlem Renaissance, and World War, 1915-1954 Chapter 28 Booker T. Washington and the Politics of Accommodation Chapter 29 Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Crusader for Justice Chapter 30 William Edward Burghardt Du Bois Chapter 31 The Niagra Movement, 1905 Chapter 32 Black Conflict Over World War I Chapter 33 Black Bolsheviks: Cyril V. Briggs and Claude McKay Chapter 34 Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance Chapter 35 Alice Moore Dunbar-Nelson, The Negro Woman and the Ballot, 1927 Chapter 36 James Weldon Johnson, Harlem in the 1920s Chapter 37 Black Workers in the Great Depression Chapter 38 The Scottsboro Trials, 1930 Chapter 39 Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. and the Fight for Black Employment in Harlem Chapter 40 Black Women Workers During the Great Depression Chapter 41 Southern Negro Youth Conference, 1939 Chapter 42 A. Philip Randolph and the Negro March on Washington Movement, 1941 Chapter 43 Paul Robeson: The Negro Artist Looks Ahead Chapter 44 Thurgood Marshall, The Brown Decision and the Struggle for School Desegregation Chapter 45 Rosa Parks, Jo Ann Robinson, and the Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955-1956 Chapter 46 Roy Wilkins and the NAACP Chapter 47 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and the Sit-in Movement, 1960 Chapter 48 Freedom Songs, 1960s Chapter 49 Fannie Lou Hamer: The Special Plight and the Role of Black Women Chapter 50 Elijah Muhammad and the Nation of Islam Chapter 51 Malcolm X and the Revolutionary Black Nationalism Chapter 52 Martin Luther King, Jr.: To Atone For Our Sins and Errors in Vietnam, 1967 Part 53 We Shall Overcome: The Second Reconstruction, 1954-1975 Chapter 54 "We Need Group-Centered Leadership," Ella Baker Chapter 55 Martin Luther King, Jr., and Nonviolence Chapter 56 "The Revolution Is at Hand," John R. Lewis, 1963 Chapter 57 "The Salvation of American Negroes Lies in Socialism," W. E. B. Du Bois Chapter 58 "SNCC Position Paper: Women in the Movement" Chapter 59 Black Power Chapter 60 "CORE Endorses Black Power," Floyd McKissick, 1967 Chapter 61 "The People Have to Have the Power," Fred Hampton Chapter 62 The National Black Political Convention, Gary, Indiana, March, 1972 Chapter 63 "My Sight is Gone But My Vision Remains," Henry Winston Chapter 64 "We Would Have to Fight the World," Henry Winston Chapter 65 "Women in Prison: How We Are," Assata Shakur, 1978 Chapter 66 The Movement Against Apartheid: Jesse Jackson and Randall Robinson Chapter 67 "Keep Hope Alive," Jesse Jackson, 1988 Chapter 68 The Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas Controversy, 1991 Chapter 69 "Black Anti-Semitism," Henry Louis Gates, Jr., 1992 Chapter 70 "Crime-Causes and Cures," Jarvis Tyner, 1994 Chapter 71 "Let Justice Roll Down Like Waters," African-American Prisoners in Sing Sing, 1998 Part 72 The Future in the Present: Contemporary African-American Thought, 1975 to the Present Chapter 73 Huey P. Newton and the Black Panther Party for Self-defense Chapter 74 Angela Y. Davis, I Am a Revolutionary Black Woman, 1970 Chapter 75 The League of Revolutionary Black Workers: Out Thing is DRUM. Chapter 76 Attica: The Fury of Those Who are Oppressed, 1971 Chapter 77 Amiri Baraka: There is No Revolution without the People, 1972 Chapter 78 Combahee River Collective Statement, 1977 Chapter 79 Harold Washington: It's Our Turn, 1983 Chapter 80 Audre Lorde, I Am You Sister, 1984 Chapter 81 Bell Hooks, Shaping Feminist Theory Chapter 82 William Julius Wilson, The Ghetto Underclass, 1987 Chapter 83 Molefi Asante, Afrocentrism, 1991 Chapter 84 Cornel West, Race Matters Chapter 85 Louis Farrakhan, The Million Man March, 1995 Chapter 86 Mumia Abu-Jamal, A Voice from Death Row Chapter 87 Black Radical Congress, 1998 Chapter 88 "The Democratic Idea is Humanity" Alexander Crummell, 1888 Chapter 89 "A Voice From the South" Anna Julia Cooper, 1892 Chapter 90 The National Association of Colored Women: Mary Church Terrell and Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin Chapter 91 William Monroe Trotter and the Boston Guardian Chapter 92 Race and the Southern Worker Chapter 93 Hubert Henry Harrison, Black Revolutionary Nationalist Chapter 94 "If We Must Die," Claude McKay, 1919 Chapter 95 Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association Chapter 96 "Women As Leaders," Amy Euphemia Jacques Garvey, 1925 Chapter 97 "You Cannot Kill the Working Class," Angelo Herndon, 1933 Chapter 98 Hosea Hudson, Black Communist Activist Chapter 99 "Breaking the Bars to Brotherhood," Mary McLeod Bethune, 1935 Chapter 100 Charles Hamilton Houston and the War Effort among African Americans, 1944 Chapter 101 "An End to the Neglect of the Problems of the Negro Woman!" Claudia Jones, 1949