The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer`s desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.

Table of Contents:
PREFACE PART I: Materials Modeling and Simulation: Crystal Plasticity, Deformation, and Recrystallization THROUGH-PROCESS MODELING OF MATERIALS FABRICATION: PHILOSOPHY, CURRENT STATE, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Introduction Microstructure Evolution Microstructural Processes Through-Process Modeling Future Directions APPLICATION OF THE GENERALIZED SCHMID LAW IN MULTISCALE MODELS: OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS Introduction Crystal Plasticity Polycrystal Plasticity Models for Single-Phase Materials Plastic Anisotropy of Polycrystalline Materials Experimental Validation Conclusions CRYSTAL PLASTICITY MODELING Introduction Fundamentals Application Examples Conclusions and Outlook MODELING OF SEVERE PLASTIC DEFORMATION: TIME-PROVEN RECIPES AND NEW RESULTS Introduction One-Internal Variable Models Two-Internal Variable Models Three-Internal Variable Models Numerical Simulations of SPD Processes Concluding Remarks PLASTIC ANISOTROPY IN MAGNESIUM ALLOYS - PHENOMENA AND MODELING Deformation Modes and Textures Anisotropy of Stress and Strain Modeling Anisotropic Stress and Strain Concluding Remarks APPLICATION OF STOCHASTIC GEOMETRY TO NUCLEATION AND GROWTH TRANSFORMATIONS Introduction Mathematical Background and Basic Notation Revisiting JMAK Nucleation in Clusters Nucleation on Lower Dimensional Surfaces Analytical Expressions for Transformations Nucleated on Random Planes Random Velocity Simultaneous and Sequential Transformations Final Remarks IMPLEMENTATION OF ANISOTROPIC GRAIN BOUNDARY PROPERTIES IN MESOSCOPIC SIMULATIONS Introduction Overview of Simulation Methods Anisotropy of Grain Boundaries Simulation Approaches Summary PART II: Interfacial Phenomena and their Role in Microstructure Control GRAIN BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS: THEIR EFFECT ON INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA Introduction Experimental Measurement of Grain Boundary Triple Line Energy Impact of Triple Line Tension on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Solids Why do Crystalline Nanoparticles Agglomerate with Low Misorientations? Concluding Remarks PLASTIC DEFORMATION BY GRAIN BOUNDARY MOTION: EXPERIMENTS AND SIMULATIONS Introduction What is the Coupled Grain Boundary Motion? Computer Simulation Methodology Experimental Methodology Multiplicity of Coupling Factors Dynamics of Coupled GB Motion Coupled Motion of Asymmetrical Grain Boundaries Coupled Grain Boundary Motion and Grain Rotation Concluding Remarks GRAIN BOUNDARY MIGRATION INDUCED BY A MAGNETIC FIELD: FUNDAMENTALS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION Introduction Driving Forces for Grain Boundary Migration Magnetically Driven Grain Boundary Motion in Bicrystals Selective Grain Growth in Locally Deformed Zn Single Crystals under a Magnetic Driving Force Impact of a Magnetic Driving Force on Texture and Grain Structure Development in Magnetically Anisotropic Polycrystals Magnetic Field Influence on Texture and Microstructure Evolution in Polycrystals Due to Enhanced Grain Boundary Motion INTERFACE SEGREGATION IN ADVANCED STEELS STUDIED AT THE ATOMIC SCALE Motivation for Analyzing Grain and Phase Boundaries in High-Strength Steels Theory of Equilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation Atom Probe Tomography and Correlated Electron Microscopy on Interfaces in Steels Atomic-Scale Experimental Observation of Grain Boundary Segregation in the Ferrite Phase of Pearlitic Steel Phase Transformation and Nucleation on Chemically Decorated Grain Boundaries Conclusions and Outlook INTERFACE STRUCTURE-DEPENDENT GRAIN GROWTH BEHAVIOR IN POLYCRYSTALS Introduction Fundamentals: Equilibrium Shape of the Interface Grain Growth in Solid - Liquid Two-Phase Systems Grain Growth in Solid-State Single-Phase Systems Concluding Remarks CAPILLARY-MEDIATED INTERFACE ENERGY FIELDS: DETERMINISTIC DENDRITIC BRANCHING Introduction Capillary Energy Fields Capillarity-Mediated Branching Branching Dynamic Solver Results Conclusions PART III: Advanced Experimental Approaches for Microstructure Characterization HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTION EBSD AND ITS MATERIALS APPLICATIONS Introduction: Some History of HR-EBSD HR-EBSD Methods Applications Discussion Conclusions 4D CHARACTERIZATION OF METAL MICROSTRUCTURES Introduction 4D Characterizations by 3DXRD - From Idea to Implementation Examples of Applications Challenges and Suggestions for the Future Success of 3D Materials Science Concluding Remarks CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURES AND A MAGNIFYING GLASS TO INVESTIGATE MATERIALS Introduction Texture Evolution and Exploitation of Related Information in Metal Processing Summary Part IV: Applications: Grain Boundary Engineering and Microstructural Design for Advanced Properties THE ADVENT AND RECENT PROGRESS OF GRAIN BOUNDARY ENGINEERING (GBE): IN FOCUS ON GBE FOR FRACTURE CONTROL THROUGH TEXTURING Introduction Historical Background Basic Concept of Grain Boundary Engineering Characteristic Features of Grain Boundary Microstructures Relation between Texture and Grain Boundary Microstructure Grain Boundary Engineering for Fracture Control through Texturing Conclusion MICROSTRUCTURE AND TEXTURE DESIGN OF NIAL VIA THERMOMECHANICAL PROCESSING Introduction Experimental Microstructure and Texture Development Texture Simulations Mechanical Anisotropy Conclusions DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL METALLIC HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS BY MICROSTRUCTURAL DESIGN Introduction Alloy System Mo-Si-B Alloy System Co-Re-Cr Conclusions INDEX