Despite considerable progress in research and practice in the constructive transformation of intractable conflicts beginning in the 1970s, many terribly destructive conflicts have recently erupted. New circumstances have emerged that have resulted in regressions. The contributions in this book examine many of the new challenges and obstacles to the transformation of intractable conflicts. It also offers an array of new and promising opportunities for constructive transformations. The book brings together analyses of U.S.-based conflicts with those from many regions of the world. International, intra-state, and local conflicts are explored, along with those that have been violent and non-violent. The diversity in disciplines among the authors provides a wide range of theoretical approaches to explaining how a variety of intractable conflicts can be transformed. Case studies of local, national, and transnational conflicts serve to illustrate this new landscape. These analyses are complemented by conceptual discussions relating to new conflict systems, actors, dynamics and strategies. Policy implications of findings are also presented.

Table of Contents:
Introduction Galia Golan, Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Louis Kriesberg, Syracuse University Chapter 2: Gendered Perspective on Intractable Conflicts and Power Sharing Ayelet Harel-Shalev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Chapter 3: Mapping and Monitoring Global Insecurity and the Global Illicit Economy: The Effects of Intractable Conflicts Margaret Hermann, Syracuse University Chapter 4: Unrecognized States: Theory, Cases, and Policy Implications Kristy Buzard, Syracuse University; Benjamin A.T. Graham, University of Southern California; Ben Horne Chapter 5: Transformation of Armed Conflict: Lessons from the Arab-Israeli Conflict Galia Golan, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Chapter 6: Dynamics Contexts of Conflict: Complicated Actors and Settings in Northern Ireland Ronit Berger, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel Chapter 7: Social Media Use and Fear Levels after the Paris 2015 Attacks: A Comparative Study Bernard Enjolras, Institute for Social Research in Oslo, Norway; Shana Kushner Gadarian, Syracuse University; Kari Steen-Johnsen, Institute for Social Research in Oslo, Norway Chapter 8: The Creation of Space for Conflict Change: Context, Society and Leadership in Northern Ireland during the 1990s Nimrod Rosler, Tel Aviv University Chapter 9: Between Ripeness and Necessity: Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and the Tipping Point for External Intervention Timea Spitka, Hebrew University Chapter 10: Global Imbalances, Currency Wars, and U.S. Hegemony Stuart Brown, Syracuse University Chapter 11: Responding to Gun Murders in Syracuse, NY: A Multilevel, Multimodal Interventions Approach Robert Rubinstein, Syracuse University; Sandra D. Lane, Syracuse University; Timothy “Noble” Jennings-Bey, Street Addiction Institute, Inc., Syracuse, NY; Najah Salaam Chapter 12: Intergroup Dialogue, Constructive Conflict and Social Power: Towards Transforming Inequality Diane Swords, Intergroup Dialogue Program, Syracuse University Chapter 13: Transforming Conflicts: Barriers and Overcoming Them Daniel Bar-Tal, Tel Aviv University Chapter 14: Back to the Tribes: Tribes’ Centrality in Iraq’s Inter-community Rapprochement Amatzia Baram, University of Haifa Chapter 15: U.S. and North Korea: A Gordian Conflict Stuart Thorson, Syracuse University; Hyunjin Seo, University of Kansas Chapter 16: Transit Migration, Borders, and Activism: Understanding the Changing Geographies and Temporalities of International Migration Jared Van Ramshorst and Jamie Winders, Syracuse University Chapter 17: Transforming Intractable Conflicts under the Shadow of the Past: The Sunk Cost and Inaction Inertia Effects Lesley Terris, Lauder School of Government, Policy and Diplomacy of the Interdisciplinary Center; Orit E. Tykocinski, Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Chapter 18: Velvet Transformation in South Africa: Mandela, De Klerk, or Something Else Mordechai Tamarkin, Tel Aviv University Chapter 19: The Fractal Nature of Intractable Conflict: Implications for Sustainable Transformation Joshua Fisher and Peter T. Coleman, Columbia University Chapter 20: From Peacebuilding to Constructive Conflict Management: Reconsidering Intervention under Conditions of Intractability Bruce W. Dayton, SIT Graduate Institute, School for International Training Conclusion: Looking Forward Catherine Gerard, Syracuse University and Miriam Elman, Syracuse University