Paraneoplastic syndromes, defined in this book as "disorders caused by cancer, but not a direct result of cancer invasion of the affected organ or tissue", once believed to be rare and esoteric neurologic disorders have assumed increasing importance as an explanation of neurologic and other symptoms in patients suffered from occult or controllable cancers. This book attempts a comprehensive review of paraneoplastic syndromes from considering both clinical and pathophysiologic aspects. The book is divided into 4 sections: The first is an overview, classifying the disorders, describing a clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of paraneoplastic syndromes in general and identifying their pathogenesis. The section discusses the clinical findings and treatment of individual paraneoplastic syndromes with chapters dedicated to each of the neurologic syndromes and a chapter discussing nonneurologic syndromes such as endocrine, cutaneous, and rheumatologic paraneoplastic disorders. The third section discusses autoantibodies that characterize individual paraneoplastic syndromes. The final section discusses the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with individual cancers.

Table of Contents:
Contents SECTION 1 OVERVIEW 1. HISTORY DEFINITIONS CLASSIFICATION HISTORY Pathogenesis EPIDEMIOLOGY IMPORTANCE 2. CLINICAL FINDINGS, TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS INTRODUCTION CLINICAL APPROACH The Patient without Known Cancer The Patient with Known Cancer CLUES TO DIAGNOSIS Clinical Findings Laboratory Investigation PATHOLOGY TREATMENT Plasma Exchange (Plasmapheresis) Intravenous Immunoglobulin Rituximab Cyclophosphamide Corticosteroids Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Recommendations PROGNOSIS 3. PATHOGENESIS INTRODUCTION HISTORICAL VIEWS Toxic Substances Competition for Essential Substrate Bullet Opportunistic Infection Immune Mediated CURRENT CONCEPTS OF PATHOGENESIS Unresolved Questions Conclusions ANIMAL MODELS SECTION 2 CLINICAL SYNDROMES 4. BRAIN (CEREBRUM) INTRODUCTION CEREBRAL CORTEX WHITE MATTER DEMYELINATION BLOOD VESSELS (VASCULITIS) HIPPOCAMPUS/LYMBIC ENCEPHALITIS Clinical Findings Laboratory Findings Differential Diagnosis Pathology Pathogenesis Treatment HYPOTHALAMUS BASAL GANGLIA/THALAMUS COGNITIVE/BEHAVIORAL ABNORMALITIES Depression ENCEPHALOMYELITIS 5. BRAIN (CEREBELLUM AND BRAINSTEM) INTRODUCTION BRAINSTEM Opsoclonus/Myoclonus Brainstem Encephalitis CEREBELLUM Clinical Findings Laboratory Findings Pathology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Trea tment Prognosis 6. SPINAL CORD INTRODUCTION TRANSVERSE MYELOPATHY Inflammatory Myelopathy/Myelitis Necrotizing Myelopathy Demyelinating Myelopathy Bullet Neuromyelitis Optica Inflammatory Myelitis FOCAL MYELOPATHY Focal Demyelinating Myelopathy Motor Neuron Disease (ALS) Stiff Person Syndrome MOVEMENT DISORDERS Myoclonus 7. CRANIAL NERVES TASTE AND SMELL VISUAL DISTURBANCES Carcinoma Associated Retinopathy (CAR) Melanoma Associated Retinopathy (MAR) BDUMP Optic Neuropathy Uveitis/Vitreitis Oculomotor Neuropathy Proptosis TRIGEMINAL NEUROPATHY ACOUSTIC/VESTIBULAR NEUROPATHY OTHER CRANIAL NERVES 8. DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA AND PERIPHERAL NERVES INTRODUCTION DORSAL ROOT GANGLION (PSN) Clinical Features Pathology/Pathogenesis Bullet Diagnosis Treatment PERIPHERAL NERVE SYNDROMES Sensory Neuropathy Sensorimotor Neuropathy Guillain-Barré Syndrome Motor Neuropathy Autonomic Neuropathy Bullet Paraproteinemias Leukemia/Lymphoma Vasculitic Neuropathy Focal Neuropathies 9. NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION AND MUSCLE INTRODUCTION NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome Myasthenia Gravis Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability MUSCLE Inflammatory Myopathies (Myositis)Necrotizing Myopathy Polymyalgia Rheumatica Bullet Myotonia 10. SYSTEMIC SYNDROMES (WITH NEUROLOGIC IMPLICATIONS) INTRODUCTION ENDOCRINE SYNDROMES Cushing Syndrome Hypercalcemia SIADH Hypoglycaemia Hyperthyroidism RHEUMATOLOGIC SYNDROMES Arthropathy Fasciitis AUTOIMMUNE SYNDROMES Lupus Scleroderma Raynaud's Syndrome Digital Ischemia Still Disease RHEUMATIC VASCULITIDES OTHER RHEUMATIC DISORDERS Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Erythromelalgia PANNICULITIS DERMATOLOGIC SYNDROMES Skin Hair/Nail Disorders Cutaneous Vascular Disorders Oral BONE DISORDERS Osteomalacia SYSTEMIC DISORDERS Cachexia Fever Vasculopathy Other Organ Disorders SECTION 3 ANTIBODIES 11. NUCLEAR/NUCLEOLAR ANTIBODIES ANTI-HU Antibody Antigen Gene Anti-Hu Syndrome ANTI-RI Antibody Antigen Gene Animal Models Clinical Findings Treatment/Prognosis ANTI-MA (MA-1/MA-2) Antibodies Antigen Gene Clinical Findings Treatment/Prognosis ANNA-3 Anti-Zic SOX (ANTI GLIAL NUCLEAR ANTIBODY) Antibody Antigen 12. CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES INTRODUCTION ANTI-YO Antibody Antigen/gene Clinical Findings Pathology Pathogenesis Treatment/Prognosis ANTI TR Antibody Antigen/Gene Clinical Findings Pathogenesis/Treatment ANTI CRMP 5 (CV2) Antibody Antigen/Gene Clinical Findings ANTI-PCA2 Antibody Antigen/Gene Clinical Findings/Treatment/Prognosis ANTI KINASE ANTIBODIES Anti Protein Kinase C Gamma (PKC Gamma) Anti-BR Serine/Theroine Kinase 2 Anti-adenylate Kinase 5 ANTI-UBIQUITIN CONJUGATING ENZYME (UBE2E1) ANTI-NB 13. SYNAPTIC/CHANNEL ANTIBODIES INTRODUCTION INTRACELLULAR SYNAPTIC ANTIBODIES Anti Amphiphysin Antibodies Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies Anti-Gephrin Antibodies Anti-Synaptotagmin Antibodies Anti-Synaptophysin Antibodies SYNAPTIC RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES Anti-GABA Receptor Antibodies Anti-glutamate Receptor Antibodies Other Glutamate Receptor Antibodies Anti-glycine Receptor Antibodies Anti-ganglionic Acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies ION CHANNEL ANTIBODIES Anti-P/Q Voltage Gated Calcium Channel Antibodies Anti-voltage Gated Potassium Antibodies (Anti-VGKC) ANTI-ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR AND OTHER POST SYNAPTIC RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES Anti-acetylcholine Receptor Anti-muscle Antibodies Anti-neuronal Surface Antibodies 14. ANTI-RETINAL/OPTIC NERVE ANTIBODIES INTRODUCTION CARCINOMA ASSOCIATED RETINOPATHY Anti Recoverin Antibodies Anti-alpha-Enolase Antibodies Anti-alpha-Transducin Antibodies Other Antibodies ISOLATED CONED DYSFUNCTION MELANOMA ASSOCIATED RETINOPATHY ANTIBODIES Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein BILATERAL DIFFUSE MELANOCYTIC PROLIFERATION SECTION 4 CANCERS 15. THORACIC CANCERS INTRODUCTION LUNG CANCER Small Cell Lung Cancer Carcinoid Non-small Cell Lung Cancer THYMUS CANCER (THYMOMA) Paraneoplastic Syndromes Antibodies 16. BREAST/GYNECOLOGIC/TESTICULAR CANCER INTRODUCTION GYNECOLOGIC CANCERS BREAST CANCER TESTICULAR CANCER 17. HEMATOLOGIC CANCERS/MISCELLANEOUS SOLID TUMORS INTRODUCTION LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA Neurologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes Nonneurologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes MELANOMA URINARY TRACT CANCERS Renal Cancers Prostate Cancer Bladder Cancer GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS Colon Cancer Pancreatic/Hepatic Cancer Gastric/Esophageal Cancer HEAD AND NECK CANCER SARCOMAS Index