About the Book
Patterns of Reflection is the only brief reader to provide engaging, readable selections organized by both rhetorical strategies or patterns and by themes.
This reader contains more than eighty selections of varying length including essays, four of which are annotated student essays, short stories, poems, a cartoon, and six pages of four-color fine art to provide variety and to stimulate thinking. Each chapter is enriched by an introduction which provides specific guidelines for understanding the rhetorical pattern illustrated, by vocabulary studies and detailed questions with each reading, and by topics for writing.
Table of Contents:
* Denotes selections new to this edition. Most chapters end with “Making Connections” and “Topics and Guidelines for Writing.”
Preface.
1. On Reading and Writing.
The Challenges and Rewards of Writing.
Good Reasons for Reading.
Guidelines for Active Reading.
Guided Reading: William Raspberry, An End to Our American Argot?
Looking Ahead.
Getting Started: Richard Wilbur, The Writer.
Joseph Reynolds, I Think (and Write in a Journal), Therefore I Am.
Gail Godwin, The Watcher at the Gates.
Terry McMillan, On Reading and Becoming a Writer.
Kurt Vonnegut, How to Write with Style.
Russell Baker, Little Red Riding Hood Revisited.
2. Using Narration: Growing Up, Growing Wiser.
When to Use Narration.
How to Use Narration.
Getting Started: Reflections on Growing Up.
Luis J. Rodriguez, Always Running.
Elizabeth Wong, The Struggle to Be an All-American Girl.
N. Scott Momaday, The End of My Childhood.
Santha Rama Rau, By Any Other Name.
Gaye Wagner, Death of an Officer.
Sandra Cisneros, Eleven.
3. Using Descriptive Details: Reflecting on People and Places.
When to Use Description.
How to Use Descriptive Details.
Getting Started: Reflections on a Painting.
Six Paintings: Goya, The Third of May, 1808; Vermeer, Young Girl with Water Jug; Bazille, Negro Girl with Peonies; Degas, The Dance Lesson; Picasso, The Three Dancers; Dali, Persistence of Memory.
Tracy Kidder, Mrs. Zajac.
Amy Tan, Lost Lives of Women.
Maya Angelou, Poetic Passage.
Lance Morrow, Africa.
Lauren Springer, The Autumn Garden.
Doris Lessing, My Father.
Kim Lavecchia, A Relaxing Retreat (student essay).
4. Using Comparison and Contrast: Ways of Learning.
When to Use Comparison and Contrast.
How to Use Comparison and Contrast.
Getting Started: Reflections on Expectations of College.
Nancy Masterson Sakamoto, Conversational Ballgames.
E. B. White, Education.
Jonathan Kozol, A Tale of Two Schools.
Diane Ravitch, Girls Are Beneficiaries of Gender Gap.
Judith Viorst, Boys and Girls: Anatomy and Destiny.
Liane Ellison Norman, Pedestrian Students and High-Flying Squirrels.
Linda Pastan, Marks.
Denisse M. Bonilla, The Faded Stain (student essay).
5. Explaining and Illustrating: Examining Media Images.
When to Use Examples.
How to Use Examples.
Getting Started: Thinking about Advertising.
Jack McGarvey, To Be or Not to Be as Defined by TV.
Suzanne Braun Levine, Caution: Children Watching.
Gloria Steinem, Sex, Lies, and Advertising.
Caryl Rivers, The Issue Isn't Sex, It's Violence.
Pico Iyer, In Fact, We're Dumbing Up.
John Skow, Lost in Cyberspace.
Dave Barry, The Barbie Problem.
6. Using Process Analysis: How We Work and Play.
When to Use Process Analysis.
How to Use Process Analysis.
Getting Started: Reflections on Your Favorite Game.
John P. Aigner, Putting Your Job Interview into Rehearsal.
Deborah Tannen, How to Give Orders Like a Man.
Suzette H. Elgin, Improving Your Body Language Skills.
Carol Krucoff, Restoring Recess.
Ernest Hemingway, Camping Out.
Garry Kasparov, The Day I Sensed a New Kind of Intelligence.
Katherine McAlpine, Plus C'est la Même Chose.
7. Using Division and Classification: Examining Human Connections.
When to Use Division and Classification.
How to Use Division and Classification.
Getting Started: Classifying Recent Reading or Viewing.
Judith Viorst, Friends, Good Friends—and Such Good Friends.
Judith Martin, The Roles of Manners.
Franklin E. Zimring, Hot Boxes for Ex-Smokers.
Curt Suplee, The Science and Secrets of Personal Space.
Peter Drucker, There's Three Kinds of Teams.
Ralph Whitehead, Jr., Class Acts: America's Changing Middle Class.
James Thurber, The Secret Life of Walter Mitty.
8. Using Definition: Understanding Ideas and Values.
When to Use Definition.
How to Develop an Extended Definition.
Getting Started: Reflections on E. B. White's Ideas of Democracy.
Margaret Mead and Rhoda Metraux, On Friendship.
John Ciardi, Is Everybody Happy?
K. C. Cole, Entropy.
Robert Keith Miller, Discrimination Is a Virtue.
E.J. Dionne, Jr., Personal Worth.
Alastair Reid, Curiosity.
Kiki Soravacu, Everyday Heroes (student essay).
9. Using Causal Analysis: Examining Social and Political Issues.
When to Use Causal Analysis.
How to Use Causal Analysis.
Getting Started: Reflections on Why You Are in College.
Stephen King, Why We Crave Horror Movies.
Amitai Etzioni, Duty: The Forgotten Virtue.
Robert B. Reich, To Lift All Boats.
Robert J. Samuelson, Enough Blame to Go Around.
Rosalind C. Barnett and Caryl Rivers, Family Values Go to Work.
Keith Ablow, When Parents Are Toxic to Children.
* Linda J. Waite, Social Science Finds: Marriage Matters.
Langston Hughes, Dream Deferred.
10. Using Argument and Persuasion: Preserving the Health of Our World.
The Characteristics of Argument.
Causes of Bad Argument: Logical Fallacies.
How to Use Argument and Persuasion.
Getting Started: Reflections on the Challenges Facing Ourselves, Our Society, Our World.
Richard Rodriguez, Border Hazards: An Obsession to Become Unhealthy.
Ellen Goodman, SUVs: Killer Cars.
David Satcher, Save the Kids, Fight Tobacco.
Molly Ivins, Ban the Things. Ban Them All.
Sarah Brady, Gun Registration: It's Common Sense.
David Ignatius, As Temperatures Rise.
Ian Wilmut, Dolly's False Legacy.
Patti Davis, In the Death of a Friend, a Lesson for the Living.
David M. Ouellette, Blame It on the Media and Other Ways to Dress a Wolf in Sheep's Clothing (student essay).
11. Works for Further Reading and Analysis.
Responses to Reading: Summary, Analysis, Synthesis.
Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour.
George Orwell, A Hanging.
Isaac Asimov, Science and the Sense of Wonder.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments.
Amy Lowell, Patterns.
Bruce Catton, Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts.
Roger Rosenblatt, A Game of Catch.
Ellen Goodman, Learning to Brake for Butterflies.
Topics and Guidelines for Writing.
Glossary.
Index.
Acknowledgments.
