This combination rhetoric/reader helps readers develop strategies for critical reading, critical thinking, research, and writing that will help the reader argue clearly and convincingly. It teaches them to identify and develop arguments, to read and form reactions and opinions of their own, to analyze an audience, to seek common ground, and to use a wide, realistic range of techniques to write argument papers that express their individual views and original perspectives on modern issues.

Table of Contents:
Part I: Engaging with Argument for Reading, Writing, and Viewing Images   Chapter 1: A Perspective on Argument What Is Your Current Perspective on Argument? A Definition of Argument Recognizing Traditional and Consensual Argument Recognizing Visual Argument Under What Conditions Does Argument Work Best? Under What Conditions Does Argument Fail? Distinguish between Ethical and Unethical Argument Engaging with Issues How Should You Engage with Issues?   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   AUDREY ROCK-RICHARDSON / Pay Your Own Way! (Then Thank Mom) ABBY ELLIN / The Laptop Ate My Attention Span PRISNA VIRASIN / The Barbie Controversy   Images for Analysis:   Image 1. Blessed Art Thou Image 2. The Tide Is High   Chapter 2: Identifying Your Preferred Argument Style The Adversarial and Consensual Styles of Argument Individual Styles of Argument Influence of Background, Experience, and Role Models Influence of Gender Influence of Culture A Study of the Influence of Students’ Gender and Culture on Their Argument Style Influence of Nationality   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   SHIRLEE TAYLOR HAIZLIP / We Knew What Glory Was RANDALL HAMUD / We’re Fighting Terror, But Killing Freedom CHANG-LIN TIEN / A View from Berkeley ERNEST MARTINEZ / Giving People a Second Chance SUZETTE BREWER / One of Our Own: Training Native Teachers for the 21st Century JUDY BRADY / Why I Want a Wife REIKO HATSUMI / A Simple “Hai” Won’t Do   Images for Analysis: Five Advertisements   Image 1. Mary J. Blige and Her New Car Image 2. Young Man Doing His Banking Image 3. If I Stay on the Rez Image 4. Blood Donor Image 5. Cell Phones in Africa   Chapter 3: The Rhetorical Situation:  Understanding Audience and Context Analyze the Rhetorical Situation When You Read an Argument Analyze the Rhetorical Situation When You View a Visual Image That Makes an Argument Use the Rhetorical Situation When You Write Argument Conducting an Audience Analysis   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   CHRIS PIPER / “A” Is for “Absent” BRENT STAPLES / Driving Down the Highway, Mourning the Death of American Radio PETER APPLEBOME / The Man behind Rosa Parks NEIL A. LEWIS / In the Shadow of Horror, SS Guardians Relax and Frolic   Images for Analysis:   Image 1. Rosa Parks Rides in the Front of the Bus Image 2. Auschwitz victims of Medical Experiments Image 3. Camp Officials at Leisure   Chapter 4: Reading, Thinking, and Writing about Issues Getting Started on a Writing Assignment Read to Develop Arguments for Your Paper Take Notes and Avoid Plagiarism Write Your Paper, Read It, Think about It, and Revise It Organize Your Own Process for Reading, Thinking, and Writing about Issues Practice Your Process by Writing These Papers Submit Your Paper for Peer Review Expressing Multiple Perspectives through Visual Argument   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   JERRY ADLER / The Race for Survival GINA KOLATA / Psst! Ask for Donor 1913 LANCE MORROW / The Year That Changed Everything JEFF D. OPDYKE / Kids and Chores:  All Work and No Pay? PRISNA VIRASIN / The Controversy Behind Barbie MAJOR GENERAL ROBERT SCALES (RET.) / Forget Flag Burning   Images for Analysis:   Image 1. Sperm Donors Image 2. Three Perspectives on the American Flag as a Symbol       Part II: Understanding the Nature of Argument for Reading, Writing, and Viewing Images   Chapter 5: The Essential Parts of an Argument:  The Toulmin Model The Outcomes of Argument: Probability versus Certainty The Parts of an Argument According to the Toulmin Model Value of the Toulmin Model for Reading, Writing, and Viewing Argument   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Images for Analysis:   Image 1. Sense of Community, Advertisement Image 2. “The Price of Oranges” Cartoon   Essays for Analysis:   VIRGINIA HEFFERNAN / Calling Blue: And on That Farm He Had a Cellphone MOHAMED T. DIABY JR. / Toulmin Analysis of “The Price of Oranges” Cartoon RICHARD D. RIEKE AND MALCOLM O. SILLARS / American Value Systems   Chapter 6: Types of Claims Getting a Sense of the Purpose and Parts of an Argument Five Types of Claims Claims and Argument in Real Life Value of the Claims Types and the Claim Questions for Reading, Viewing, and Writing Argument   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   HAYA EL NASSER / Fewer Call Themselves Multiracial EDITORIAL / Brother, Can You Spare a Word? NICHOLAS BAKALAR / Nicotine Addiction Is Quick in Youths, Research Finds MORTIMER B. ZUCKERMAN / What Sets Us Apart KURT WIESENFELD / Making the Grade MICHAEL CRICHTON / Let’s Stop Scaring Ourselves JIM HOLT / Unintelligent Design BARRY SCHWARTZ / When It’s All Too Much DENISE GRADY / War Casualty Total Jumps, But Is Revised after Article IAN URGINA / No Need to Stew: A Few Tips to Cope with Life’s Annoyances PEG TYRE / Bringing Up Adultolescents   Images for Analysis:   Image 1: War Casualties Image 2: Lunch at the United States—Mexico Border Fence Image 3: The Rhône Glacier Image 4. Liberate Your Cool, Advertisement Image 5: Corn Power   Chapter 7: Types of Proof The Traditional Categories of Proof Types of Logical Proof: Logos Proof That Builds Credibility: Ethos Types of Emotional Proof: Pathos Logos, Ethos, and Pathos Communicated Through Language and Style Value of the Proofs for Reading, Writing, and Viewing Argument   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   ANNA QUINDLEN / Undocumented, Indispensable JEFFREY SACHS / Sharing the Wealth THOMAS JEFFERSON / The Declaration of Independence   Images for Analysis:   Image 1: Meet the Philip Morris Generation, Advertisement Image 2: Helping Out Image 3: Who Has the Money, Chart Image 4: Malnutrition in the Congo Image 5: Kenyan Refugees   Chapter 8: The Fallacies and Ethical Argument Fallacies in Logic Fallacies That Affect Character or Ethos Emotional Fallacies Ethics and Morality in Argument   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Images for Analysis: Three Advertisements   Image 1: A Vitamins Ad Image 2: A Body Spray Ad Image 3: An Ad for a Blog   Essay for Analysis:   RUSH LIMBAUGH / The Latest from the Feminist “Front” KELLY DICKERSON / Minor Problems?   Essay with Images for Analysis:   ABRAHAM LINCOLN / The Gettysburg Address Image 1. President Lincoln amid the Crowd at Gettysburg Battlefield Image 2. The Soldiers’ National Monument, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania   Chapter 9: Visual Argument Recognizing Visual Argument Why Visual Argument Is Convincing: Eight Special Features Using Argument Theory to Critique Visual Argument Bias in Visual Argument Sample Analysis of a Visual Argument Special Features of Visual Argument Employed in the Cartoon Argument Theory Used for Analysis of the Cartoon Add Visual Argument to Support Written Argument Create Visual Arguments That Stand Alone   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Images for Analysis:   Image 1. West Bank Barrier Image 2. Crossing Over Image 3. Coming Home to a Destroyed Neighborhood Image 4. Mother and Child Image 5. LeBron James Image 6. At Home Outdoors   Multiple Visual Perspectives on an Issue for Analysis:   Image 1. Adam and God Image 2. Play Ball Image 3. Robot with a Grappler Image 4. Missionary and Child   Cartoon: "Get Out!” for Analysis   Visual Arguments Created by Students:   Student Visual Argument 1. Untitled Artwork Student Visual Argument 2. Never Again Analytical Essay on Never Again Student Visual Argument 3. Farm Town News Analytical Essay on Farm Town News   Chapter 10: Rogerian Argument and Common Ground Achieving Common Ground in Rogerian Argument Rogerian Argument as Strategy Writing Rogerian Argument Variations of Rogerian Argument Unethical and Ethical Rogerian Argument The Advantages and Disadvantages of Rogerian Argument   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Essays for Analysis:   EDWARD O. WILSON / The Future of Life ANGELA A. BOATWRIGHT / Human Cloning: Is It a Viable Option? ERIC HARTMAN / Let Those Who Ride Decide! ELIZABETH NABHAN / Dear Boss   Images for Analysis:   Image 1. Hands Across the World Image 2. Bridging the Gap Image 3. Bipartisanship and What It Can Achieve   Appendix to Chapter 10: Review and Synthesis of the Strategies for Reading, Writing, and Argument Viewing–The Argument Analysis Paper Reading for the Argument Analysis Paper Writing the Argument Analysis Paper Rhetorical Situation for “A Call to Unity: A Letter from Eight White Clergymen” and “Letter from Birmingham Jail” Focus Topics to Help You Analyze the Letters Letters for Analysis A Call for Unity: A Letter from Eight White Clergymen MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. / Letter from Birmingham Jail   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Part III: Writing a Research Paper That Presents an Argument   Chapter 11: The Research Paper:  Clarifying Purpose and Understanding the Audience Understanding the Assignment and Getting Started Writing a Claim and Clarifying Your Purpose Some Preliminary Questions to Help You Develop Your Claim Developing a Research Plan Understanding the Audience Analyzing Your Class as Your Audience Constructing an Unfamiliar Audience Using Information about Your Audience   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Chapter 12: The Research Paper:  Research and Invention Get Organized for Research Locating Sources for Research Evaluate Both Print and Online Sources Create a Bibliography Survey, Skim, and Read Selectively Develop a System for Taking and Organizing Your Notes Two Invention Strategies to Help You Think Creatively about Your Research and Expand Your Own Ideas   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Add Visual Material to the Annotated Bibliography EXAMPLE IMAGE / Welcome Clones of 2012!   Annotated Bibliography ANGELA A. BOATWRIGHT / Human Cloning: An Annotated Bibliography   Chapter 13: The Research Paper:  Organizing, Writing, and Revising Classical Organization of Arguments Classical and Modern Organization Use Organizational Patterns to Help You Think and Organize Incorporate Ideas from Your Exploratory Paper How to Match Patterns and Support to Claims Outline Your Paper and Cross-Reference Your Notes Incorporating Research into Your First Draft Make Revisions and Prepare the Final Copy Present Your Paper Orally to the Class   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Appendix to Chapter 13: How to Document Sources Using MLA and APA Styles MLA: HOW TO CITE SOURCES IN THE BODY OF THE TEXT MLA: HOW TO CITE SOURCES IN THE “WORKS CITED” PAGE MLA: STUDENT PAPER IN MLA STYLE PRISNA VIRASIN / The Big Barbie Controversy QUESTIONS ON THE RESEARCHED POSITION PAPER, MLA STYLE APA: HOW TO CITE SOURCES IN THE BODY OF THE TEXT APA: HOW TO CITE SOURCES IN THE “REFERENCES” PAGE APA: STUDENT PAPER IN APA STYLE DARRELL D. GREER / Alaskan Wolf Management QUESTIONS ON THE RESEARCHED POSITION PAPER, APA STYLE   Part IV: Further Applications:  Argument and Literature   Chapter 14: Argument and Literature Finding and Analyzing Arguments in Literature Writing Arguments about Literature   Review Questions   Exercises and Activities   Literature for Analysis: Poem / LANGSTON HUGHES / Theme for English B Poem / TAYLOR MALI / Totally Like Whatever, You Know? Poem / ROBERT FROST / Mending Wall Short Story / URSULA K. LE GUIN / The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas Graphic Novel / ART SPIEGELMAN / Maus:  A Survivor’s Tale   Synthesis of Chapters 1-14:  Summary Charts   Part V: The Reader Introduction to “The Reader”: Reading and Writing about Issue Areas Purpose of “The Reader” How to Use “The Reader”   Section 1: Issues Concerning Families and Personal Relationships The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Films and Literature Related to Families and Personal Relationships The Rhetorical Situation   A. WHAT IS THE STATUS OF THE TRADITIONAL AMERICAN FAMILY? HOW IS THE FAMILY BEING REDEFINED? MEGAN KELSO / Watergate Sue: Epilogue SARAH YOEST PEDERSON / A Family of a Different Feather LISA TAKEUCHI CULLEN AND LEV GROSSMAN / Fatherhood 2.0 HEATHER CABOT / Loving Late Motherhood SAMMY CAHN AND JIMMY VAN HEUSEN / “Love and Marriage”   B. WHAT CAUSES PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS TO SUCCEED OR FAIL? STEVEN PINKER / Crazy Love READING IMAGES: Movie Madness BELINDA LUSCOMBE / Why We Flirt ANITA JAIN / Is Arranged Marriage Really Any Worse Than Craigslist? JENNIFER 8 LEE / The Man Date JOHN TIERNEY / Hitting It Off, Thanks to Algorithms of Love Questions to Help You Think and Write About Families and Personal Relationships   Section 2: Issues Concerning Modern Technology The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Films and Literature Related to Modern Technology The Rhetorical Situation   A. HOW ARE WEB 2.0 TECHNOLOGIES CHANGING THE WAY WE LIVE AND OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD? BBC NEWS STAFF / “Amateur Culture” Set to Explode ANDREW KEEN / Introduction, The Cult of the Amateur READING IMAGES: DICK LOCHER / “Today’s Technology” KURT SOLLER / Facebook: Why I Love It . . . SARAH KLIFF / Facebook: Why I Hate It . . . ASHLEY JONES / YouTube’s Legal Issues Grow EDWARD TENNER / Searching for Dummies READING IMAGES: Ways of Reading MATTHEW KIRSCHENBAUM / How Reading Is Being Reimagined   B. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS AND DANGERS OF GENETIC ENGINEERING BOTH FOR INDIVIDUALS AND FOR SOCIETY? RAY KURZWEIL / Our Bodies, Our Technologies JEREMY RIFKIN / Ultimate Therapy: Commercial Eugenics in the 21st Century PEGGY ORENSTEIN / Your Gamete, Myself Questions to Help You Think and Write About Modern Technology   Section 3: Issues Concerning Crime and the Treatment of Criminals The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Films and Literature Related to Crime and the Treatment of Criminals The Rhetorical Situation   A. HOW SHOULD WE TREAT CONVICTED CRIMINALS? JAMES GILLIGAN / Reflections from a Life Behind Bars: Build Colleges, Not Prisons MARY WILTENBURG / Shakespeare Behind Bars: Hamlet RAY QUINTANILLA / Dog Training in Women’s Prison READING IMAGES: Methods of Execution ROBERT TANNER / Studies Say Death Penalty Deters Crime THE ECONOMIST STAFF / Revenge Begins to Seem Less Sweet   B. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE WITH YOUNG OFFENDERS? ARISTOTLE / The Characteristics of Youth CLAUDIA WALLIS / Too Young to Die DANIEL R. WEINBERGER / A Brain Too Young for Good Judgment WILLIAM GLABERSON / A Legal Debate in Guantánamo on Boy Fighters ALAN FEUER / Out of Jail, Into Temptation: A Day in a Life Questions to Help You Think and Write About Crime and the Treatment of Criminals   Section 4: Issues Concerning Race, Culture, and Identity The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Films and Literature Related to Race, Culture, and Identity The Rhetorical Situation   A. HOW IMPORTANT IS RACE TO AMERICAN IDENTITY? RICHARD DYER / The Matter of Whiteness READING IMAGES: Racial Role Reversal in William Shakespeare’s Othello EMMA DALY / DNA Test Gives Students Ethnic Shocks MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. / I Have a Dream K. A. DILDAY / Go Back to Black   B. TO WHAT EXTENT DOES INDIVIDUAL IDENTITY DEPEND ON ETHNIC AFFILIATION? YAHLIN CHANG / Asian Identity Crisis DORINNE K. KONDO / On Being a Conceptual Anomaly KATIE HALPER / Digging for Roots at Secular Camp RICHARD RODRIGUEZ / Surnames Reflect Changing Face of America Questions to Help You Think and Write About Race, Culture, and Identity   Section 5: Issues Concerning the Environment The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Film and Literature Related to the Environment The Rhetorical Situation   A. IS GLOBAL WARMING A PROBLEM, AND IF IT IS, WHAT CAN BE DONE ABOUT IT? AL GORE / Introduction, An Inconvenient Truth TOM HARRIS / Al Gore, Global Warming, Inconvenient Truth: Scientists Respond to Gore’s Warning of Climate Catastrophe GREGG EASTERBROOK / Some Convenient Truths BRIAN CLARK / The Butterfly Effect and the Environment: How Tiny Actions Can Save the World   B. HOW CAN WE RESOLVE THE ECONOMY VERSUS ENVIRONMENT DEBATE? GEORGE F. WILL / An Inconvenient Price READING IMAGES:  Coal Mining and the Environment ERIC REECE / Moving Mountains: The Battle for Justice Comes to the Coal Fields of Appalachia READING IMAGES: The Rain Forest STUART PRICE / Carving Up the Congo CLAIRE ANDRE AND MANUEL VELASQUEZ / Ethics and the Spotted Owl Controversy BRIAN WINGFIELD / For Job Market, Green Means Growth READING IMAGES: “Near-Zero Energy Home” Advertisement Questions to Help You Think and Write About the Environment   Section 6: Issues Concerning Immigration The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Film and Literature Related to Immigration The Rhetorical Situation   A. HOW SHOULD WE RESPOND TO THE GLOBAL PROBLEM OF ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION? MARC COOPER / Exodus DANIEL ALTMAN / Shattering Stereotypes about Immigrant Workers PETER WILBY / The Right to Sell Labor EDITORIAL, “SIGNS OF THE TIMES” / Migration: The Larger Picture   B. DO GOOD FENCES MAKE GOOD NEIGHBORS WHEN DEFINING NATIONAL BORDERS? JONAH GOLDBERG / To Wall or Not to Wall KEVIN G. HALL / Low-Tech Fence Cuts Down on Problems STAFF WRITER, MCCLATCHY NEWSPAPERS / Most of Town’s Residents Say They Support Solution READING IMAGES: What Is American? MIGUEL BUSTILLO / Town Against the Wall   C. WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY? ARIAN CAMPO-FLORES / America’s Divide JAE RAN KIM / The Great American Melting Pot? LYNN AHRENS / The Great American Melting Pot READING IMAGES:  American Ideals JAMES MONTAGUE / They Just Won’t Mix Questions to Help You Think and Write About Immigration   Section 7: Issues Concerning War and Peace The Issues Web Sites for Further Exploration and Research Films and Literature Related to War and Peace The Rhetorical Situation   A. IS WAR INEVITABLE? HOW DOES WAR BECOME INTEGRAL TO SOCIETY? WILLIAM JAMES / The Moral Equivalent of War READING IMAGES: War Memorials and Martial Character MARGARET MEAD / Warfare: An Invention–Not a Biological Necessity CHRIS HEDGES / War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning HAMZA HENDAWI / Iraqi Kids Play Make-Believe War Games READING IMAGES: KHALID MOHAMMED / Seeking Shelter Where He Can Find It JOAN RYAN / Army’s War Game Recruits Kids   B. HOW DO PEOPLE JUSTIFY WAR? WILLIAM J. BENNETT / Why We Fight GERARD F. POWERS / Our Moral Duty in Iraq HAIM WATZMAN / When You Have To Shoot First   C. WHAT MIGHT HELP ESTABLISH PEACE? RICHARD RHODES / Living with the Bomb ROBERT HIRSCHFIELD / Battle Stories Bring Former Enemies Together SUSAN NEIMAN / To Resist Hitler and Survive MICHAEL WALZER / The Politics of Rescue Questions to Help You Think and Write About War and Peace   Credits Topic Index Author-Title Index       Brief Contents:   Part I: Engaging with Argument for Reading, Writing, and Viewing Images 1 A Perspective on Argument 2 Identifying Your Preferred Argument Style 3 The Rhetorical Situation: Understanding Audience and Context 4 Reading, Thinking, and Writing About Issues   Part II: Understanding the Nature of Argument for Reading, Writing, and Viewing Images 5 The Essential Parts of an Argument: The Toulmin Model 6 Types of Claims 7 Types of Proof 8 The Fallacies and Ethical Argument 9 Visual Argument 10 Rogerian Argument and Common Ground Appendix to Chapter 10: Review and Synthesis of the Strategies for Reading and Writing Argument   Part III: Writing a Research Paper That Presents an Argument 11 The Research Paper: Clarifying Purpose and Understanding the Audience 12 The Research Paper: Research and Invention 13 The Research Paper: Organizing, Writing, and Revising Appendix to Chapter 13: How to Document Sources Using MLA and APA Styles   Part IV: Further Applications: Argument and Literature 14 Argument and Literature   Synthesis of Chapters 1—14: Summary Charts   Part V: The Reader Section 1 Issues Concerning Families and Personal Relationships Section 2 Issues Concerning Modern Technology Section 3 Issues Concerning Crime and the Treatment of Criminals Section 4 Issues Concerning Race, Culture, and Identity Section 5 Issues Concerning the Environment Section 6 Issues Concerning Immigration Section 7 Issues Concerning War and Peace