Examines current and prospective challenges surrounding global challenges of education, energy, healthcare, security, and resilience
This book discusses issues in large-scale systems in the United States and around the world. The authors examine the challenges of education, energy, healthcare, national security, and urban resilience. The book covers challenges in education including America's use of educational funds, standardized testing, and the use of classroom technology. On the topic of energy, this book examines debates on climate, the current and future developments of the nuclear power industry, the benefits and cost decline of natural gases, and the promise of renewable energy. The authors also discuss national security, focusing on the issues of nuclear weapons, terrorism and cyber security. Urban resilience is addressed in the context of natural threats such as hurricanes and floods.
- Studies the usage of a globalized benchmark for both student and pedagogical performance
- Covers topics such as surveillance, operational capabilities, movement of resources, and the pros and cons of globalization
- Examines big data, evolving medical methodologies and effects on the medical educational curriculum, and the positive effects of electronic records in healthcare data
Perspectives on Complex Global Challenges: Education, Energy Healthcare, Security, and Resilience serves as a reference for government officials, personnel in security, business executives and system engineers.
Table of Contents:
Contributors xiii
Introduction and Overview 1
Elisabeth Paté-Cornell, William B. Rouse, and Charles M. Vest
Can America Still Compete? 17
Norman R. Augustine
Section I Education 21
1 Introduction 23
Overview of Contributions 28
References 30
2 K-12 Education Reform in the United States 33
Craig R. Barrett
Great Teachers 35
High Expectations 36
Tension in the System 36
Intelligent use of Technology in the Classroom 37
Make Education Relevant for the Student 38
3 Secure America’s Economic Future by Investing in Young Children 41
Deborah J. Stipek
Reference 43
Recommended Readings 43
4 The Future of Teaching in the United States 45
Linda Darling-Hammond
References 48
5 The Conundrum of Controlling College Costs 49
Lawrence S. Bacow
References 52
6 Military Education 53
William J. Perry
Section II Energy 59
7 Introduction 61
Energy Demand 62
The Electric Grid 64
Nuclear Power 65
Renewable Energy 66
Role of Consumers 67
Overview of Contributions 69
References 71
8 The Future of the US Electric Grid 73
Richard Schmalensee
System Organization 73
Bulk Power 74
Distribution 76
Cybersecurity 78
Concluding Observations 78
9 The Revolution in Natural Gas 81
John Deutch
10 The Future of Nuclear Power in the United States 85
Richard A. Meserve
11 Renewable Energy: Balancing Risk and Reward 89
Richard H. Truly and Michal C. Moore
Section III Healthcare 93
12 Introduction 95
Driving Forces 96
Complexity of Decision Making 98
Value and Healthcare Delivery 98
Overview of Contributions 100
References 102
13 How to Move Toward Value-Based Healthcare? 105
Denis A. Cortese and Robert K. Smoldt
Recommended Readings 107
14 Delivering on the Promise to Reduce the Cost of Healthcare with Electronic Health Records 109
William W. Stead
Recommended Readings 112
15 Big Data in Health and Healthcare: Hopes and Fears for the Future 113
Elizabeth A. McGlynn
16 Medical Education: One Size Does not Fit All 117
Lloyd B. Minor and Michael M.E. Johns
Section IV Security 121
17 Introduction 123
Emergence of Non-State Powers and Terrorist Groups 123
Resizing the US Nuclear Arsenal 124
Cybersecurity 125
Intelligence 126
Biological Weapons 126
US Defense Budget 127
Overview of Contributions 128
References 132
18 Vigilance in an Evolving Terrorism Landscape 133
Michael E. Leiter
19 The Market’s Role in Improving Cybersecurity 139
Herbert Lin
References 144
20 On Nuclear Weapons 145
George P. Shultz
21 The Nuclear Security Challenge: It is International 147
Siegfried S. Hecker
22 Nuclear Weapon Reductions Must be Part of Strategic Analysis 151
Henry A. Kissinger and Brent Scowcroft
23 Maintaining us Leadership in Science Technology and Innovation for National Security 155
Jacques S. Gansler
Section V Resilience 159
24 Introduction 161
Framework for Urban Resilience 162
Potential Approaches 163
Overview of Contributions 164
References 167
25 Urban Resilience: How Cities need to Adapt to Unanticipated and Sudden Change 169
Michael Batty
References 171
26 Buying Down Risks and Investing in Resilience 173
Richard Reed
References 177
27 Resilience from the Perspective of a Chief Urban Designer 179
Alexandros Washburn
28 Engineering for Resilience: Ten Commandments of the Dutch Approach 183
Theo Toonen
System of Systems 186
Public Expertise 187
Crowded House 188
Co-Governance 188
Clear Direction 189
Executive Leadership 190
International Bat Strategy 191
Implementation Democracy 191
Shared Service 193
Checks and Balances 193
References 194
Conclusions 195
Index 197
