Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 90. Chapters: Aegean Sea port cities and towns in Turkey, Black Sea port cities and towns in Turkey, Mediterranean port cities and towns in Turkey, Trabzon, Edremit, Bal kesir, Istanbul, Alanya, zmir, Antalya, Mersin, Ce me, Samsun, Bodrum, Ku adas, skenderun, Giresun, Ayval k, Rize, Datca, Ka, Akcaabat, Akyaka, Mu la, Sinop, Turkey, Marmaris, Amasra, Fethiye, Canakkale, Fatsa, Ordu, Zonguldak, Bart n, Gocek, Yumurtal k, Hopa, Arde en, Gorele, Karata, Dikili, Tirebolu, Unye, Be ikduzu, Cayeli, Alia a, Burhaniye, Akcakoca, Karadeniz Ere li, Gulluk, Gerze, Turkey, Stamboul, Yal kavak, Enez, Vakf kebir. Excerpt: Istanbul (Turkish: ), historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople (see the names of Istanbul for further information) is the largest city of Turkey. According to the address-based birth recording system of the Turkish Statistical Institute, the metropolitan municipality (province) of the city had a population of 13.26 million as of 2010, which is 17.98% of Turkey's population and the largest in Europe before Moscow. The last census data from 2000 puts its proper population at 8.8 million. Istanbul is a megacity, as well as the cultural, economic, and financial centre of Turkey. It is located on the Bosphorus Strait and encompasses the natural harbour known as the Golden Horn, in the northwest of the country. It extends both on the European (Thrace) and on the Asian (Anatolia) sides of the Bosphorus, and is thereby the only metropolis in the world that is situated on two continents. Istanbul is a designated alpha world city. During its long history, Istanbul has served as the capital of the Roman Empire (330-395), the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire (395-1204 and 1261-1453), the Latin Empire (1204-1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453-1922). When the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, Ankara, whi...