Updated in its 18th edition, Principles of Public Speaking emphasizes responsibility, orality, Internet technology, and critical thinking as it encourages students to see public speaking as a way to build community in today's diverse world. Within a framework that emphasizes speaker responsibility, critical thinking, listening, and cultural awareness, this classic text uses examples from college, workplace, politics, and social communication to make the study of public speaking relevant, contemporary, and exciting for students. This brief but comprehensive text also offers students the latest in using technology in speechmaking, featuring unique and exciting ways to blend communication and new media.
Table of Contents:
I. Public Speaking in the World of Electronic Culture
1 Speech, Speaking, and Training in Higher Education
Studying Public Speaking
Orality in Social-Political Life
Basic Elements in the Speech-Making Process
Speaking of . . . Apprehension: First-Time Fears
Ethical Responsibilities for Speakers
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Ethics and Public Speaking
Your First Speech
Speaking of . . . Apprehension: Breath Control
2 Getting Started
Selecting and Narrowing Your Subject
Speaking of . . . Skills: Brainstorming to Generate Topics
Determining Your Purposes and Central Idea
Analyzing the Audience and Occasion
Gathering Your Speech Material
Making an Outline
Practicing Aloud
Developing Confident Delivery
Speaking of . . . Skills: Practicing Your Speech
Speaking of . . . Apprehension: State and Trait Apprehension
3 Critical Listening
Hearing and Listening
Barriers to Good Listening
Practical Listening Techniques
Speaking of . . . Skills: Good Note Taking and Active Listening
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Deliberately Misguiding Listeners
Developing Skills for Critical Listening
Listening Workshop
4 Public Speaking and Cultural Challenges
The Nature of Cultural Processes
Understanding Our Multicultural Society
Strategies for Negotiating Cultural Differences
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Adapting to Moral Codes
II. Planning and Preparing Your Speech
5 Understanding Your Audience
Analyzing Your Audience Demographically
Analyzing Your Audience Psychologically
Discovering Demographic and Psychological Factors
Speaking of . . . Skills: Handling Hostile Audiences
Using Audience Analysis in Speech Preparation
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Using Audience Analysis Ethically
A Sample Audience Analysis
6 Finding and Using Supporting Materials
Determining the Kinds of Supporting Materials You’ll Need
Speaking of . . . Skills: How Much Is Enough?
Finding Supporting Materials
Speaking of . . . Ethics: What Is the Ethical Response?
Sources of Supporting Materials
Forms of Supporting Materials
Speaking of . . . Skills: Choosing Supporting Materials
Functions of Supporting Materials
A Word About Plagiarism
Speaking of . . . Skills: Citing Sources
Sample Outline for a Problem-Solution Speech: The Heartbreak of Childhood Obesity
Web Workshop
7 Organizing and Outlining Your Speech
Developing Your Speech Plan
Speech-Centered Patterns of Organization
Audience-Centered Patterns of Organization
Techniques for Creating Associative Coherence in Your Speech
Outlining Your Speech
Speaking of . . . Skills: Memory and Organization
8 Beginning and Ending Your Speech
Capturing and Holding Attention
Beginning Your Speech
Speaking of . . . Skills: How Long Should It Be?
Ending Your Speech
Sample Outline for an Introduction and Conclusion: When Just Saying “No!” Doesn’t Work
III. Presenting Your Speech
9 Wording Your Speech
Using Oral Style
Speaking of . . . Skills: Oral Versus Written Style
Using Language Strategically
Creating an Atmosphere
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Doublespeak
Sample Speech: “On Accepting the Nobel Prize for Literature,” by William Faulkner
10 Delivering Your Speech
Selecting the Method of Delivery
Speaking of . . . Apprehension: Impromptu Speaking
Using Your Voice to Communicate
Speaking of . . . Skills: Vocal Exercises
Using Your Body to Communicate
Speaking of . . . Online Communication
11 Using Visual Media
The Functions of Visual Media
Types of Visual Media
Speaking of . . . Skills: Using Visual Media in Business
Strategies for Selecting and Using Visual Media
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Can Pictures Lie?
Using Microsoft PowerPoint with Your Presentations
IV. Types of Public Speaking
12 Speeches to Inform
Facts, Knowledge, and the Information Age
Types of Informative Speeches
Essential Qualities of Informative Speeches
Speaking of . . . Skills: Choosing a Topic
Speaking of . . . Apprehension: Information Overload
Sample Outline for a Demonstration Speech: Power Tennis Comes with the Western Stroke
Tips for Developing Informative Speeches
Sample Outline: What’s So Special About 1968?
Sample Speech: “The Geisha,” by Joyce Chapman
Information vs. Persuasion
13 Speeches to Persuade
Selecting Motivational Appeals
Speaking of . . . Skills: Basic Human Needs
Speaking of . . . Ethics: Using Fear Appeals
Enhancing Your Credibility
Speaking of . . . Skills: Inoculating Audiences Against Counterpersuasion
Organizing Persuasive Speeches: The Motivated Sequence
Speaking of . . . Skills: Persuading the Diverse Audience
Sample Outline of a Persuasive Speech: Why Iowa Should Build Another Nuclear Reactor
Sample Outline of an Actuative Speech: You’re Never Too Old to Learn—Virtually!
14 Argumentation and Critical Thinking
Rational Thinking and Talking: Argumentation
Evaluating Arguments
Speaking of . . . Skills: Evaluating Arguments
Sample Outline for an Argumentative Speech: The Dangers of Chewing Tobacco
Detecting Fallacies in Reasoning
Tips for Developing Argumentative Speeches
Speaking of . . . Skills: Responding to Counterarguments
15 Speaking in Community Settings
Speeches of Introduction
Sample Introduction: “Introducing a Classmate,” by Randolf Brown
Speeches of Courtesy: Welcomes, Responses, Acceptances, and Toasts
Sample Speech of Courtesy: A Toast to Leo Brecker
Speeches to Entertain
