Bridging the gap between theory and application, this reference demonstrates the operational mechanisms, modeling, and simulation of equipment for the combustion and gasification of solid fuels. Solid Fuels Combustion and Gasification: Modeling, Simulation, and Equipment Operation clearly illustrates procedures to improve and optimize the design of future units and the operation of existing industrial systems with recommendations and guidelines from a seasoned professional in the field. Supplies an abundance of examples, models, and exercises for step-by-step instruction on the modeling and simulation of combustion and gasification machinery Of critical importance to the industrial and design engineer, Solid Fuels Combustion and Gasification… Clearly displays methods to build computer simulation programs that will effectively predict equipment performance Offers methods to formulate sound mathematical models for boilers, gasifiers, furnaces, and incinerators Shows how to interpret simulation results for the best design and operation of combustion and gasification equipment Describes key aspects of solid and gas combustion phenomena Provides detailed discussions of the basic and auxiliary equations used in specific projection models Includes applications of moving and fluidized beds Marcio L. de Souza-Santos is Professor of Mechanical Engineering, State University at Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. The author of numerous professional publications, he holds several patents and is a member of the American Chemical Society, the Brazilian Society of Chemical Engineering, and the advisory committees of several national and international meetings on energy. An experienced consultant, he has worked for respected organizations such as the Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, Illinois. He received the B.Sc. (1973) and M.Sc. (1981) degrees in chemical engineering from the University of São Paulo, Brazil, and the Ph.D. (1987) in chemical engineering from the University of Sheffield, England.

Table of Contents:
Basic Remarks on Modeling and Simulation Experiment and Simulation A Classification for Mathematical Models Exercises Solid Fuels Introduction Physical Properties Chemical Properties Thermal Treatment Gasification and Combustion Exercises Equipment and Processes Introduction Elements of Gas-Solid Systems Moving Bed Fluidized Bed Suspension or Pneumatic Transport Some Aspects Related to Fuels Basic Calculations Introduction Computation of Some Basic Parameters Tips on Calculations Observations Exercises Zero-Dimensional Models Introduction Basic Equations Species Balance and Exiting Composition Useful Relations Summary for 0D-S Model Flame Temperature Exercises Introduction to One-Dimensional, Steady-State Models Definitions Fundamental Equations Final Comments Exercises Moving-Bed Combustion and Gasification Model Introduction The Model Exercises Chemical Reactions Homogeneous/Heterogeneous Reactions Numbering of Chemical Components A System of Chemical Reactions Stoichiometry Kinetics Final Notes Exercises Heterogeneous Reactions Introduction General Form of the Problem Generalized Treatment Other Heterogeneous Reactions Exercises Drying and Devolatilization Drying Devolatilization Exercises Auxiliary Equations and Basic Calculations Introduction Total Production Rates Thiele Modulus Diffusivities Reactivity Core Dimensions Heat and Mass Transfer Coefficients Energy-Related Parameters A Few Immediate Applications Pressure Losses Exercises Moving-Bed Simulation Program and Results Introduction From Modeling to Simulation Program Samples of Results Exercises Fluidized-Bed Combustion and Gasification Model Introduction The Mathematical Model Boundary Conditions Exercises Fluidization Dynamics Introduction Splitting of Gas Injected into a Bed Bubble Characteristics and Behavior Circulation of Solid Particles Entrainment and Elutriation Particle Size Distribution Recycling of Particles Segregation Areas and Volumes at Freeboard Section Mass and Volume Fractions of Solids Further Studies Exercises Auxiliary Parameters Related to Fluidized-Bed Processes Introduction Mass Transfers Heat Transfers Parameters Related to Reaction Rates Fluidized-Bed Simulation Program and Results The Block Diagram Samples of Results Exercises Appendix A: The Fundamental Equations of Transport Phenomena Appendix B: Notes on Thermodynamics Heat and Work Chemical Equilibrium Equation Specific Heat Correction for Departure from Ideal Behavior Generalized 0D-S Models Heat Values Representative Formation Enthalpy of a Solid Fuel Appendix C: Possible Improvements on Modeling Heterogeneous Reactions General Mass Balance for a Particle Generalized Energy Balance for a Particle Appendix D: Improvements on Various Aspects Rate of Particles Circulation in the Fluidized Bed Improvements on the Fluidized-Bed Equipment Simulator (FBES) Appendix E: Basics of Turbulent Flow Momentum Transfer Heat and Mass Transfers Reaction Kinetics Appendix F: Classifications of Modeling for Bubbling Fluidized-Bed Equipment Main Aspects Appendix G: Basic Techniques of Kinetics Determination References Index