A Step-by-Step Guide to the Xcode Mac OS Development EnvironmentEvery copy of Mac OS X comes with Xcode, the powerful development suite that Apple uses to build applications ranging from Safari to iTunes. But because Xcode is complex and subtle, even experienced Mac programmers rarely take full advantage of it. Now, Mac developer Fritz Anderson has written the definitive introduction and guide to using Xcode to build applications with any Macintosh technology or language. Anderson helps you master Xcode's powerful text editor, industry-standard gcc compiler, graphical interactive debugger, mature UI layout and object linkage editor, and exceptional optimization tools. One step at a time, you'll develop a command-line utility, then use Xcode tools to evolve it into a full-fledged Cocoa application. Anderson provides expert guidance on development frameworks, source code management, Core Data modeling, localization, and much more. Coverage includes Understanding Xcode workflow and the Mac OS X application lifecycle Porting established legacy projects into Xcode Using the Model-View-Controller design pattern to build robust graphical applications Building static libraries and working with Xcode's build system Making the most of bundles and package directories Creating applications compatible with older versions of Mac OS X Creating universal binaries to run on both Intel and PowerPC Macintoshes Adding Spotlight searchability to data files Leveraging Xcode's built-in support for unit testing Using Xcode on makefile-based UNIX development projects Step Into Xcode's breadth, depth, and practical focus make it indispensable to every Mac developer: current Xcode users upgrading to Xcode 2.1, experienced Mac programmers migrating from CodeWarrior, UNIX/Linux programmers moving to Mac OS X, and even novices writing their first programs or scripts.

Table of Contents:
Preface xviiPart I The Life Cycle of a Mac OS X Application 11 Kicking the Tires 31.1 First Run 3 1.2 Hello, World 4 1.3 What Went Where 9 1.4 Summary 10 2 Simple Workflow and Passive Debugging 112.1 Linear Regression 11 2.2 Plan of Action 13 2.3 A Command Line Tool 14 2.4 Build Errors 15 2.5 Simple Debugging 18 2.6 Summary 21 3 Simple Active Debugging 233.1 The Next Step 23 3.2 Active Debugging 24 3.3 Summary 31 4 Compilation: The Basics 334.1 Compiling 33 4.2 Linking 36 4.3 Dynamic Loading 38 4.4 Prebinding 39 4.5 ZeroLink 40 4.6 Summary 42 5 Starting a Cocoa Application 435.1 Plan of Action 43 5.1.1 Program Tasks 43 5.1.2 Model-View-Controller 43 5.2 Starting a New Project 48 5.3 Implementation: Model 50 5.3.1 DataPoint 50 5.3.2 RegressionModel Class 54 5.3.3 Model: Done 58 5.4 Summary 60 6 A Cocoa Application: Views 616.1 Interface Builder 62 6.2 Layout 63 6.3 Sizing 67 6.4 A Split View 71 6.5 Summary 71 7 A Cocoa Application: Controllers 737.1 Still in Interface Builder 73 7.2 NSObjectController: Document 75 7.3 NSObjectController: Model 77 7.4 NSArrayController: DataPoints 78 7.5 Value Binding 80 7.6 Actions and Outlets 81 7.7 MyDocument 82 7.8 Application Properties 84 7.9 Building 87 7.10 Summary 87 8 Property Lists 898.1 Data Types 89 8.2 Property List Files 90 8.2.1 Writing a Property List 90 8.2.2 Examining Property Lists 100 8.3 Other Formats 106 8.3.1 ASCII Property Lists 106 8.3.2 Binary Property Lists 107 8.4 Text Macros 107 8.5 Summary 113 9 Libraries and Dependent Targets 1159.1 Adding a Target 115 9.2 Library Design 116 9.3 Modifying Linear 121 9.4 A Dependent Target 123 9.5 Examining the Library 125 9.6 Running the Library 127 9.7 Summary 128 10 File Packages and Bundles 12910.1 A Simple Package: RTFD 130 10.2 Bundles 132 10.3 Application Bundles 132 10.4 The Info.plist File 134 10.4.1 Keys for All Bundles 135 10.4.2 Keys for Applications 136 10.4.3 Keys for Plug-Ins 138 10.4.4 Keys for Java 139 10.4.5 Keys for Preference Panes 139 10.4.6 Keys for Dashboard Widgets 139 10.5 Summary 140 11 Creating a Custom View 14111.1 Controller 141 11.2 View 143 11.3 The Delegate Design Pattern 146 11.4 The Custom View 149 11.5 Showing the Window 156 11.6 Testing 157 11.7 Debugging a View 159 11.8 Summary 163 12 Dynamic Libraries and Frameworks 16512.1 Adding a Framework Target 166 12.2 Framework Structure 171 12.3 Using the Framework 173 12.4 Where Frameworks Go 175 12.5 Private Frameworks 179 12.6 Prebinding 181 12.7 Summary 182 13 Version Control 18313.1 Setting up a Repository 185 13.2 Controlling Linear 191 13.3 Long Live Linear 194 13.4 Tagging 195 13.5 Summary 198 14 Cross-Development 19914.1 Cross-Development SDKs 199 14.2 Nib Compatibility 203 14.3 NSTableDataSource 205 14.4 Add, Remove, Compute, and Graph Buttons 208 14.5 Run and Archive 211 14.6 A More Sophisticated Approach 212 14.7 Producing a Universal Binary 212 14.7.1 Auditing for Portability 213 14.7.2 Auditing Linear 214 14.7.3 Building Universal 217 14.7.4 Mixing SDKs 218 14.8 Summary 219 15 Using the Data Modeling Tools 22115.1 Data Modeling 221 15.2 Revisiting the Model 224 15.2.1 DataPoint 225 15.2.2 Regression 228 15.2.3 MyDocument 232 15.3 Interface Builder 234 15.4 Build and Run 235 15.5 Adding an Entity 237 15.5.1 Adding to the Data Model 237 15.5.2 Human Interface 238 15.5.3 First Run 240 15.5.4 One More Table 241 15.6 Summary 242 16 Spotlight 24316.1 How Data Gets into Spotlight 243 16.2 Uniform Type Identifiers 246 16.3 The Metadata Plug-In 249 16.3.1 MetaLinear Project Files 249 16.3.2 Packaging the Plug-In 254 16.4 Core Data and Metadata 254 16.5 The Proof of the Pudding 258 16.6 Summary 261 17 Finishing Touches 26317.2 Avoiding Singularity 264 17.3 Localization 266 17.3.1 Credits.rtf 266 17.3.2 MainMenu.nib 267 17.3.3 MyDocument.nib 267 17.3.4 GraphWindow.nib 269 17.3.5 InfoPlist.strings 270 17.3.6 Trying It Out 271 17.3.7 Localizable.strings 272 17.4 Checking Memory Usage 274 17.5 The Release Build Configuration 276 17.6 Dead-Code Stripping 278 17.7 xcodebuild 279 17.8 Summary 281 Part II Xcode Tasks 28318 Navigating an Xcode Project 28518.1 Editor Panes 285 18.1.1 Jumps 285 18.1.2 Code Sense 286 18.1.3 Navigation Bar 287 18.1.4 Editor Modes 289 18.2 Project Find Window 290 18.3 The Favorites Bar 291 18.4 Groups & Files List 292 18.4.1 The Project Group 292 18.4.2 The Targets Group 294 18.4.3 The Executables Group 296 18.4.4 Smart Groups 297 18.4.5 Symbol Smart Group 298 18.5 Class Browser Window 299 18.6 Class Modeler 299 18.7 Project Layout 302 18.7.1 Default Layout 302 18.7.2 All-in-One Layout 303 18.7.3 Condensed Layout 305 18.8 Summary 306 19 Xcode for CodeWarrior Veterans 30719.1 Losses 307 19.1.1 Speed 307 19.1.2 Syntax Coloring 308 19.1.3 Debugging Templates 308 19.1.4 RAD Tools 309 19.2 Make Yourself at Home 309 19.2.1 The Project Window 309 19.2.2 Key Mapping 311 19.2.3 Build Behavior 312 19.2.4 Window Behavior 313 19.3 Converting a CodeWarrior Project 314 19.3.1 Importing the Project 315 19.3.2 Targets and Configurations 315 19.4 Traps in Conversion 319 19.5 Exporting Symbols 320 19.5.1 #pragma export 320 19.5.2 Another Way 322 19.6 Summary 323 20 Xcode for make Veterans 32520.1 Xcode Build Variables 327 20.2 Custom Build Rules 328 20.3 Run Script Build Phase 330 20.4 Under the Hood: A Simple Build 331 20.4.1 Copy Structural Files 332 20.4.2 Copy Bundle Resources 333 20.4.3 Compile Sources 333 20.4.4 Linkage (First Architecture) 336 20.4.5 Compile Sources (Second Architecture) 336 20.4.6 Linkage (Second Architecture) 337 20.4.7 Create Universal Binary 337 20.4.8 Compile Data Models 338 20.4.9 Finishing Touch 339 20.5 The xcode build Tool 339 20.6 Settings Hierarchy 340 20.7 Build Configurations 342 20.8 Summary 344 21 More About Debugging 34521.1 Debugging Techniques 345 21.2 Printing Values 348 21.3 Custom Formatters 349 21.4 Breakpoint Commands 352 21.5 Breakpoint Conditions 354 21.6 Lazy Symbol Loading 355 21.7 Zombies 356 21.7.1 Released-Pointer Aliasing 357 21.7.2 Zombies in Cocoa 359 21.7.3 Zombies in Core Foundation 360 21.8 Summary 361 22 Xcode and Speed 36322.1 Precompiled Headers 363 22.2 Predictive Compilation 364 22.3 Distributed Builds 365 22.4 ZeroLink 366 22.5 Profect Indexing 367 22.6 Summary 368 23 AppleScript Studio 36923.1 An AppleScript Application 369 23.2 Unit Testing 377 23.2.1 Adding OC Unit 378 23.2.2 Test Cases 379 23.2.3 Testing Options 383 23.3 Summary 383 24 A Large Project 38524.1 Graphviz 386 24.2 Preparing the Project 386 24.3 An External Build Project 389 24.4 Debugging a Custom Executable 393 24.5 Performance 396 24.6 A Better Way to Include Files 400 24.6.1 The Script 401 24.6.2 Building the Project Index 404 24.6.3 Compromising with AppleScript 405 24.7 Summary 405 25 Closing Snippets 40725.1 Miscellaneous Traps 407 25.2 Miscellaneous Tips 409 25.3 Documentation 413 25.3.1 The Documentation Window 414 25.3.2 Documentation Updates 416 Appendix A Installing Xcode 417A.1 Apple Developer Connection 419 A.1.1 Downloading from ADC 420 A.2 Setting up the Dock 420 Appendix B Some Build Variables 423B.1 Useful Build Variables 423 B.2 Splitting Build Variables 429 B.3 Source Trees 430 Glossary 433Index 441