New edition helps students make the bridge from concepts to problem-solving The Fourth Edition of Structural Concrete: Theory and Design brings this text fully up to date while maintaining its acclaimed easy-to-follow, logical approach. Working with the text's numerous step-by-step examples, students quickly grasp the principles and techniques of analyzing and designing reinforced and prestressed concrete elements. Moreover, the authors' emphasis on a top quality, economical approach helps students design concrete structures and members with confidence. Fully updated and revised, the Fourth Edition features: Latest coverage reflecting the ACI 318-08 code Seismic design chapter incorporates the latest of the International Building Code (IBC 2006) AASHTO method for predicting concrete creep and shrinkage New chapter dedicated to the design of curved beams SI unit examples, equivalent conversion factors from customary units to SI units, and SI unit design tables Practical problems in each chapter enable students to apply and assess their knowledge as they advance through the text.The text's companion Web site gives students more opportunities to apply their knowledge, with such features as MS Excel spreadsheets that offer an interactive environment for evaluating different design aspects of concrete members. This text is an outgrowth of the two authors' lecture notes, reflecting more than twenty-five years of both classroom teaching and industrial experience. It is structured to cover a two-course sequence on the design of reinforced concrete structures as well as provide a comprehensive up-to-date reference for practicing engineers.

Table of Contents:
Preface Notation. Conversion Factors. 1. Introduction. 1.1 Structural Concrete. 1.2 Historical Background. 1.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Reinforced Concrete. 1.4 Codes of Practice. 1.5 Design Philosophy and Concepts. 1.6 Units of Measurement. 1.7 Loads. 1.8 Safety Provisions. 1.9 Structural Concrete Elements. 1.10 Structural Concrete Design. 1.11 Accuracy of Calculations. 1.12 Concrete High-Rise Buildings. References. 2. Properties of Reinforced Concrete. 2.1 Factors Affecting the Strength of Concrete. 2.2 Compressive Strength. 2.3 Stress-Strain Curves of Concrete. 2.4 Tensile Strength of Concrete. 2.5 Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture) of Concrete. 2.6 Shear Strength. 2.7 Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete. 2.8 Poisson's Ratio. 2.9 Shear Modulus. 2.10 Modular Ratio. 2.11 Volume Changes of Concrete. 2.12 Creep. 2.13 Models for Predicting the Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete. 2.14 Unit Weight of Concrete. 2.15 Fire Resistance. 2.16 High-Performance Concrete. 2.17 Lightweight Concrete. 2.18 Fibrous Concrete. 2.19 Steel Reinforcement. Summary. References. Problems. 3. Flexural Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Assumptions. 3.3 Behavior of Simply Supported Reinforced Concrete Beam Loaded to Failure. 3.4 Types of Flexural Failure and Strain Limits 3.5 Load Factors. 3.6 Strength-Reduction Factor -. 3.7 Significance of Analysis and Design Expressions. 3.8 Equivalent Compressive Stress Distribution 3.9 Singly Reinforced Rectangular Section in Bending. 3.10 Lower Limit or Minimum Percentage of Steel. 3.11 Adequacy of Sections. 3.12 Bundled Bars. 3.13 Sections in the Transition Region. 3.14 Rectangular Sections with Compression Reinforcement 3.15 Analysis of T- and I-Sections. 3.16 Dimensions of Isolated T-Shaped Sections. 3.17 Inverted L-Shaped Sections. 3.18 Sections of Other Shapes. 3.19 Analysis of Sections Using Tables. 3.20 Additional Examples. 3.21 Examples Using SI Units. Summary. References. Problems. 4. Flexural Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Rectangular Sections with Reinforcement Only. 4.3 Spacing of Reinforcement and Concrete Cover. 4.4 Rectangular Sections with Compression Reinforcement. 4.5 Design of T-Sections. 4.6 Additional Examples. 4.7 Examples Using SI Units. Summary. Problems. 5. Alternative Design Methods. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Load Factors. 5.3 Strength-Reduction Factor,. 5.4 Rectangular Sections with Tension Reinforcement. 5.5 Rectangular Sections with Compression Reinforcement. 5.6 Design of T-Sections. 5.7 Strut and Tie Method. References. 6. Deflection and Control of Cracking. 6.1 Deflection of Structural Concrete Members. 6.2 Instantaneous Deflection. 6.3 Long-Time Deflection. 6.4 Allowable Deflection. 6.5 Deflection Due to Combinations of Loads. 6.6 Cracks in Flexural Members. 6.7 ACI Code Requirements. Summary. References. Problems. 7. Development Length of Reinforcing Bars. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Development of Bond Stresses. 7.3 Development Length in Tension. 7.4 Development Length in Compression. 7.5 Summary of the Computation of ld in Tension. 7.6 Critical Sections in Flexural Members. 7.7 Standard Hooks (ACI Code, Sections 12.5 and 7.1). 7.8 Splices of Reinforcement. 7.9 Moment-Resistance Diagram (Bar Cutoff Points). Summary. References. Problems. 8. Shear and Diagonal Tension. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Shear Stresses in Concrete Beams. 8.3 Behavior of Beams Without Shear Reinforcement. 8.4 Moment Effect on Shear Strength. 8.5 Beams with Shear Reinforcement. 8.6 ACI Code Shear Design Requirements. 8.7 Design of Vertical Stirrups. 8.8 Design Summary. 8.9 Shear Force Due to Live Loads. 8.10 Shear Stresses in Members of Variable Depth. 8.11 Deep Flexural Members. 8.12 Examples Using SI Units. Summary. References. Problems. 9. One-Way Slabs. 9.1 Types of Slabs. 9.2 Design of One-Way Solid Slabs. 9.3 Design Limitations According to the ACI Code. 9.4 Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement. 9.5 Reinforcement Details. 9.6 Distribution of Loads from One-Way Slabs to Supporting Beams. 9.7 One-Way Joist Floor System. Summary. References. Problems. 10. Axially Loaded Columns. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Types of Columns. 10.3 Behavior of Axially Loaded Columns. 10.4 ACI Code Limitations. 10.5 Spiral Reinforcement. 10.6 Design Equations. 10.7 Axial Tension. 10.8 Long Columns. Summary. References. Problems. 11. Members in Compression and Bending. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Design Assumptions for Columns. 11.3 Load-Moment Interaction Diagram. 11.4 Safety Provisions. 11.5 Balanced Condition-Rectangular Sections. 11.6 Column Sections Under Eccentric Loading. 11.7 Strength of Columns for Tension Failure. 11.8 Strength of Columns for Compression Failure. 11.9 Interaction Diagram Example. 11.10 Rectangular Columns with Side Bars. 11.11 Load Capacity of Circular Columns. 11.12 Analysis and Design of Columns Using Charts. 11.13 Design of Columns Under Eccentric Loading. 11.14 Biaxial Bending. 11.15 Circular Columns with Uniform Reinforcement Under Biaxial Bending. 11.16 Square and Rectangular Columns Under Biaxial Bending. 11.17 Parme Load Contour Method. 11.18 Equation of Failure Surface. 11.19 SI Examples. Summary. References. Problems. 12. Slender Columns. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Effective Column Length (Klu). 12.3 Effective Length Factor (K). 12.4 Member Stiffness (EI). 12.5 Limitation of the Slenderness Ratio (Klu /r). 12.6 Moment-Magnifier Design Method. Summary. References. Problems. 13. Footings. 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Types of Footings. 13.3 Distribution of Soil Pressure. 13.4 Design Considerations. 13.5 Plain Concrete Footings. 13.6 Combined Footings 13.7 Footings Under Eccentric Column Loads. 13.8 Footings Under Biaxial Moment. 13.9 Slabs on Ground. 13.10 Footings on Piles 13.11 SI Equations. Summary. References. Problems. 14. Retaining Walls. 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Types of Retaining Walls. 14.3 Forces on Retaining Walls. 14.4 Active and Passive Soil Pressures. 14.5 Effect of Surcharge. 14.6 Friction on the Retaining Wall Base. 14.7 Stability Against Overturning. 14.8 Proportions of Retaining Walls. 14.9 Design Requirements. 14.10 Drainage. 14.11 Basement Walls. Summary. References. Problems. 15. Design for Torsion. 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Torsional Moments in Beams. 15.3 Torsional Stresses. 15.4 Torsional Moment in Rectangular Sections. 15.5 Combined Shear and Torsion. 15.6 Torsion Theories for Concrete Members. 15.7 Torsional Strength of Plain Concrete Members. 15.8 Torsion in Reinforced Concrete Members (ACI Code Procedure). 15.9 Summary of ACI Code Procedures. Summary References. Problems. 16. Continuous Beams and Frames. 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 Maximum Moments in Continuous Beams. 16.3 Building Frames. 16.4 Portal Frames. 16.5 General Frames. 16.6 Design of Frame Hinges. 16.7 Introduction to Limit Design. 16.8 The Collapse Mechanism. 16.9 Principles of Limit Design. 16.10 Upper and Lower Bounds of Load Factors. 16.11 Limit Analysis. 16.12 Rotation of Plastic Hinges. 16.13 Summary of Limit Design Procedure. 16.14 Moment Redistribution of Negative Moments in Continuous Beams. Summary. References. Problems. 17. Design of Two-Way Slabs. 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Types of Two-Way Slabs. 17.3 Economical Choice of Concrete Floor Systems. 17.4 Design Concepts. 17.5 Column and Middle Strips 17.6 Minimum Slab Thickness to Control Deflection. 17.7 Shear Strength of Slabs. 17.8 Analysis of Two-Way Slabs by the Direct Design Method. 17.9 Design Moments in Columns. 17.10 Transfer of Unbalanced Moments to Columns. 17.11 Waffle Slabs. 17.12 Equivalent Frame Method. Summary. References. Problems. 18. Stairs. 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Types of Stairs. 18.3 Examples. Summary. References. Problems. 19. Introduction to Prestressed Concrete. 19.1 Prestressed Concrete. 19.2 Materials and Serviceability Requirements. 19.3 Loss of Prestress. 19.4 Analysis of Flexural Members. 19.5 Design of Flexural Members. 19.6 Cracking Moment. 19.7 Deflection. 19.8 Design for Shear. 19.9 Preliminary Design of Prestressed Concrete Flexural Members. 19.10 End-Block Stresses. Summary. References. Problems. 20. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures. 20.1 Introduction. 20.2 Seismic Design Category. 20.3 Analysis Procedures. 20.4 Load Combinations. 20.5 Special Requirements in Design of Structures Subjected to the Earthquake Loads. Codes and Design References. Problems. 21. Beams Curved in Plan 21.1 Introduction . 21.2 Uniformly Loaded Circular Beams . 21.3 Semicircular Beam Fixed at End Supports . 21.4 Fixed-End Semicircular Beam Under Uniform Loading . 21.5 Circular Beam Subjected to Uniform Loading. 21.6 Circular Beam Subjected to a Concentrated Load at Midspan . 21.7 V-Shaped Beams Subjected to Uniform Loading . 21.8 V-Shaped Beams Subjected to a Concentrated Load at the Centerline of the Beam . Appendix A: Design Tables (U.S. Customary Units). Appendix B: Design Tables (SI Units). Appendix C: Structural AIDS. Index