In the late Qing period, from the Opium War to the 1911 revolution, China absorbed the initial impact of Western arms, manufactures, science and culture, in that order. This volume of essays deals with the reception of Western literature, on the evidence of translations made. Having to overcome Chinese assumptions of cultural superiority, the perception that the West had a literature worth notice grew only gradually. It was not until the very end of the 19th century that a translation of a Western novel (La dame aux camélias) achieved popular acclaim. But this opened the floodgates: in the first decade of the 20th century, more translated fiction was published than original fiction. The core essays in this collection deal with aspects of this influx according to division of territory. Some take key works (e.g. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Byron’s “The Isles of Greece”), some sample genres (science fiction, detective fiction, fables, political novels), the common attention being to the adjustments made by translators to suit the prevailing aesthetic, cultural and social norms, and/or the current needs and preoccupations of the receiving public. A broad overview of translation activities is given in the introduction. To present the subject in its true guise, that of a major cultural shift, supporting papers are included to fill in the background and to describe some of the effects of this foreign invasion on native literature. A rounded picture emerges that will be intelligible to readers who have no specialized knowledge of China.

Table of Contents:
1. Dates, persons, terms, p1; 2. Introduction (by Pollard, David E.), p5; 3. Background; 4. Degrees of familiarity with the west in late Qing society (by Yuezhi, Xiong), p25; 5. A statistical survey of translated fiction 1840-1920 (by Teruo, Tarumoto), p37; 6. From petitions to fiction: Visions of the future propagated in early modern China (by Xiaoming, Wang), p43; 7. Translated works; 8. LIberal versions: late Qing approaches to translating aesop's fables (by Chan, Leo Tak-hung), p57; 9. Lord Byron's "The isles of Greece": first translations (by Chi Yu, Chu), p79; 10. "The sole purpose is to express my political views": Liang Qichao and the translation and writing of political novels in the late Qing (by Wong, Lawrence Wang-chi), p105; 11. The discourse of occidentalism? Wei Yi and Lin Shu's treatment of religious material in their translation of Uncle Tom's Cabin (by Cheung, Martha P.Y.), p127; 12. Giving texts a context: Chinese translations of classical English detective stories 1896-1916 (by Hung, Eva), p151; 13. Jules Verne, Science fiction and related matters (by Pollard, David E.), p177; 14. Making waves; 15. From popular science to science fiction: An investigation of 'flying machines' (by Pingyuan, Chen), p209; 16. Ms Picha and Mrs Stowe (by Xiaohong, Xia), p241; 17. Wang Guowei as translator of values (by Sun, Cecile Chu-chin), p253; 18. The influence of translated fiction on chinese romantic fiction (by Jin, Yuan), p283; 19. Translating modernity (by Wang, David D.W.), p303; 20. Name index, p331