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Understanding Morality

Understanding Morality

          
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About the Book

Intended for the introduction to applied ethics course taught at the sophomore/junior level in philosophy departments. Understanding Morality explores issues that are important both to individuals and society as a whole by examining the basic concepts of morality and how they can each be used as a problem-solving tool.  Each chapter contains a presentation and discussion of a topic followed by readings that illustrate the main themes of the chapter. 

Table of Contents:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS   INTRODUCTION               CHAPTER ONE                         The Moral Sense                                     Philosophy and the role of experience                                     The philosophy of morality                                     The moral sense: natural or acquired?                                     Freedom and determinism                                                                     No freedom without knowledge                                     Moral freedom                                     Do we have to be good?                                     Readings 1.      Man’ place in the universe (Russell) 2.      The role of experience in acquiring knowledge (Aristotle)              3.      Why is a thing called ‘holy’? (Plato) 4.      Good is to be done, evil avoided (Plato) 5.      Sentiment as the source of moral distinction (Hume) 6.      The dilemma of determinism (James) 7.      Control of human behavior (Skinner) 8.      Freedom, consciousness and creative life (Bergson) 9.      Truth as freedom (Augustine) 10.  Freedom and necessity in God (Spinoza)                 CHAPTER TWO                         On Making Moral Judgments                                     Meaning of norm                                     Morality: objective or subjective?                                     Morality as objective: some philosophical positions 1.      Kantian: the categorical imperative                          2.      Utilitarian: the greatest happiness principle 3.      Traditional: human nature                                 Morality as subjective: the role of conscience                                 Making a judgment in response to two special questions:                                         1.      Does the end justify the means?                                         2.      May an act be placed if it has two results, one good and the other bad?                                   Readings                                         1. Without God, is everything lawful (Dostoyevsky)                                                                                                    2. The categorical imperative  (Kant)                                         3. What utilitarianism is (Mill)                                            4. Control of oneself (Marcus Aurelius)                                         5. Reason as the standard of morality (Thomas Aquinas)                                         6. The moral primacy of sentiment (Hume)                                         7.  Practical rationality (Philippa Foot)                                         8. Abraham and ‘breaking through the universal (Kierkegaard)               CHAPTER THREE                         The Moral Law                                     ‘Law’ in its various uses                                     Towards a definition of law: Thomas Aquinas                                     More on the natural law                                     Some reflections on moral law in western philosophy                                     Readings 1.      The Manual of Epictetus 2.      The starry heavens above and the4 moral law within (Kant) 3.      On law (Thomas Aquinas) 4.      The moral law and the highest good (Kant) 5.      Following the divine law is the path of justice, virtue and goodness (Plato) 6.      Justice as fairness, 1   (John Rawls)               CHAPTER FOUR                         The Meaning of Life                                     Ask why?                                     The mystery of evil                                     The centrality of the good                                     Love as the highest good of our experience                                     Love and death in Plato’s Apology                                     The in-gathering of all loves                                     Readings 1.      Love and death (Guardini) 2.      Evil: disorder in an ordered world (Hume) 3.      The world is out of joint (Newman) 4.      The problem of evil (Augustine) 5.      Man’s ultimate happiness is not in this life (Thomas Aquinas) 6.      Things said at a funeral (Wislawa Szymborska) 7.      Salvation through love (Victor Frankl) 8.      The death of Socrates (Plato) 9.      Fear of death? (Plato) 10.  The highest love (Plato) 11.  The meaning of happiness (Wittgenstein) 12.  Living for God (Tolstoy) 13.  What is the God I love? (Augustine) 14.  Happiness and man’s good (Aristotle 15.  God, the divine unifying force(Thomas Aquinas) 16. Love and free will (Dante)               CHAPTER FIVE                         Society                                     The meaning of society                                     Characteristics of society                                     The economy                                     Political ethics                                     Professional ethics                                                        Readings 1.      Close and open society (Bergson) 2.      The price of alienation (Camus) 3.      The common good in a constitutional democracy (John Rawls) 4.      On the natural condition of mankind (Hobbes) 5.      The civil society (Aristotle) 6.      Justice as fairness, 2 (John Rawls) 7.      The universal declaration of human rights (United Nations) 8.      Benefits of the profit motive (Adam Smith) 9.      Increasing profits as social responsibility (Milton Friedman) 10.  Economic Justice for All (National Conference of Catholic Bishops) 11.  Economic behavior and moral sentiments (Amartya Sen) 12.  The deficiencies of global capitalism (George Soros) 13.  The philosopher king (Plato) 14.  Wisdom and virtue as the basis of society (Aristotle)     CHAPTER SIX                         Integrity of Life Questions                                     Value and integrity of life                                     Abortion                                     Euthanasia                                     Physician assisted suicide                                     Capital punishment                                     Gun control                                                                                     Readings 1.      Reverence for life (Albert Schweitzer) 2.      Roe v. Wade (Supreme Court) 3.      Charlie’s Ghost (Bill Keller) 4.      “Roe” of Roe v. Wade 5.      Abortion and viability in mid-nineteenth century America (Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz) 6.      On taking one’s life (Thomas More) 7.      The execution of the non-guilty (Helen Prejean)                                     CHAPTER SEVEN                         The Environment                                     Nature and life                                     Strategies for ecology                                     Human-centered ecology                                     Nature-centered ecology                                     Readings 1.      Platform of the deep ecology movement (Arne Naess) 2.      Earth as mother (Robert Sheldrake) 3.      Nature and the moral sense (Wordsworth) 4.      The fate of Gaia, the living earth (J. Lovelock) 5.      St. Francis (G.K. Chesterton) 6.      St. Francis and the wolf of Gubbio 7.      The Canticle of Brother Sun (Francis of  Assisi) 8.      When computers exceed human intelligence (Ray Kurzweil) 9.      Nature and man (Emerson) 10.  Morning in the woods (Thoreau) 11.  Elected solitude (Thoreau) 12.  A fable for tomorrow (Rachel Carson) 13.  Thinking like a mountain (Aldo Leopold)                CHAPTER EIGHT                         War and Peace                                     War v s. peace                                     Personal peace                                     Public peace                                     Can war ever be justified?                                     Just war theory                                     Nuclear warfare                                                            Terrorism and torture                                     Pacifism and conscientious objection                                       Readings 1.      The War God (Stephen Spender) 2.      Dulce et decorum est (Wilfred Owen) 3.      The misery of war (Augustine) 4.      All quiet on the western front (Remarque) 5.      After a battle (Ernie Pyle) 6.      The rape of Nanking (Iris Chang) 7.      Hiroshima and the death of a young woman (Hiroyuki Agawa) 8.      The Unanswering  (Elie Wiesel) 9.      Battle scene: the Trojan War (Homer) 10.  Civil disobedience (Thoreau) 11.  The Challenge of Peace (U.S. Catholic Bishops) 12.  Thou shalt not kill (Hermann Hesse)   CHAPTER NINE                         Sexuality                                     Acknowledging the body                                     Difference and sameness in personal relationships                                     Love and sex                                     Romantic love and marriage                                     Divorce                                     Contraception                                     Readings 1.      Sexuality and its meanings (Margaret Foley) 2.      Learning from the past (August Adam) 3.      Love is personal (Rollo May) 4.      The new life (Dante) 5.      Lover to his love (Song of Songs) 6.      Trying to say ‘I love you” (Virginia Wolff) 7.      Love shared is love gained (Thomas Merton)                  CHAPTER TEN                         Virtue and Vice                                     Discovering virtues                                     The historical face of virtue                                     The cardinal virtues                                     Vices                                     The definition of a good person                                     Readings 1.      A preface to virtue (Andre Comte-Sponville) 2.      Virtue and the highest good (Plato) 3.      Small inhumanities? (Nicolay Gogol) 4.      Practical wisdom (Aristotle) 5.      Moral virtue and the mean (Aristotle) 6.      On different kinds of vice (Thomas Aquinas) 7.      Virtue and happiness (Aristotle) 8.      On the definition of a gentleman (Newman)   SUGGESTONS FOR FURTHER READING   INDEX


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780205835829
  • Publisher: Pearson Education (US)
  • Publisher Imprint: Pearson
  • Depth: 13
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 100 mm
  • Width: 100 mm
  • ISBN-10: 0205835821
  • Publisher Date: 30 Nov 2010
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Height: 100 mm
  • No of Pages: 288
  • Series Title: English
  • Weight: 100 gr


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