Underwater Acoustic Modeling and Simulation, Fourth Edition continues to provide the most authoritative overview of currently available propagation, noise, reverberation, and sonar-performance models. This fourth edition of a bestseller discusses the fundamental processes involved in simulating the performance of underwater acoustic systems and emphasizes the importance of applying the proper modeling resources to simulate the behavior of sound in virtual ocean environments. New to the Fourth Edition Extensive new material that addresses recent advances in inverse techniques and marine-mammal protection Problem sets in each chapter Updated and expanded inventories of available models Designed for readers with an understanding of underwater acoustics but who are unfamiliar with the various aspects of modeling, the book includes sufficient mathematical derivations to demonstrate model formulations and provides guidelines for selecting and using the models. Examples of each type of model illustrate model formulations, model assumptions, and algorithm efficiency. Simulation case studies are also included to demonstrate practical applications. Providing a thorough source of information on modeling resources, this book examines the translation of our physical understanding of sound in the sea into mathematical models that simulate acoustic propagation, noise, and reverberation in the ocean. The text shows how these models are used to predict and diagnose the performance of complex sonar systems operating in the undersea environment.

Table of Contents:
Introduction Background Measurements and Prediction Developments in Modeling Advances in Simulation Operational Challenges Inverse Acoustic Sensing of the Oceans Standard Definitions Acoustical Oceanography Background Physical and Chemical Properties Sound Speed Boundaries Dynamic Features Biologics Propagation I: Observations and Physical Models Background Nature of Measurements Basic Concepts Sea-Surface Boundary Sea-Floor Boundary Attenuation and Absorption in Sea Water Surface Ducts Deep Sound Channel Convergence Zones Reliable Acoustic Path Shallow-Water Ducts Arctic Half-Channel Coherence Propagation II: Mathematical Models (Part One) Background Theoretical Basis for Propagation Modeling Ray-Theory Models Normal-Mode Models Multipath Expansion Models Fast-Field Models Parabolic Equation Models The RAYMODE Model: A Specific Example Numerical Model Summaries Propagation II: Mathematical Models (Part Two) Background Surface Duct Models Shallow-Water Duct Models Arctic Models Data Support Requirements Special Applications and Inverse Techniques Background Stochastic Modeling Broadband Modeling Matched Field Processing Transmutation Approaches Nonlinear Acoustics and Chaos Three-Dimensional Modeling Ocean Fronts, Eddies, and Internal Waves Coupled Ocean-Acoustic Modeling Acoustic Tomography Phase Conjugation and Time-Reversal Mirrors Deductive Geoacoustic Inversion Prediction Uncertainties in Complex Environments Rapid Environmental Assessments Underwater Acoustic Networks and Vehicles Marine-Mammal Protection Through-the-Sensor Parameter Estimation Seismo-Acoustic Inversion Noise I: Observations and Physical Models Background Noise Sources and Spectra Depth Dependence Directionality Surf Noise Arctic Ambient Noise Acoustic Daylight Geoacoustic Inversion Acoustic Rain Gauges Noise II: Mathematical Models Background Theoretical Basis for Noise Modeling Ambient-Noise Models The RANDI Model: A Specific Example The Noise Notch Beam-Noise Statistics Models Data Support Requirements Numerical Model Summaries Reverberation I: Observations and Physical Models Background Volume Reverberation Boundary Reverberation Inversion Techniques Reverberation II: Mathematical Models Background Theoretical Basis for Reverberation Modeling Cell-Scattering Models The REVMOD Model: A Specific Example Bistatic Reverberation Point-Scattering Models Numerical Model Summaries Sonar Performance Models Background Sonar Equations The NISSM Model: A Specific Example Model Operating Systems Advanced Signal Processing Issues Data Sources and Availability Numerical Model Summaries Model Evaluation Background Past Evaluation Efforts Analytical Benchmark Solutions Quantitative Accuracy Assessments The POSSM Experience: A Specific Example Evaluation Guidelines Documentation Standards Simulation Background Hierarchical Levels Simulation Infrastructure High-Level Architecture Testbeds Applications References Appendix A: Abbreviations and Acronyms Appendix B: Glossary of Terms Appendix C: Web Sites Appendix D: Problem Sets Index