Erik de LangeErik de Lange is Assistant Professor of Transimperial History at Utrecht University, Netherlands, and co-convenor of the Lausanne Project and the Security History Network. His publications include Dangerous Gifts: Imperialism, Security, and Civil ars in the Levant, 1798-1864 (2021), and Intellectual Origins of the Republic: Ahmet Agaoglu and the Genealogy of Liberalism in Turkey (2015). Read More Read Less