The study of the chimpanzee, one of the human species’ closest relatives, has led scientists to exciting discoveries about evolution, behavior, and cognition over the past half century. In this book, rising and veteran scholars take a fascinating comparative approach to the culture, behavior, and cognition of both wild and captive chimpanzees. By seeking new perspectives in how the chimpanzee compares to other species, the scientists featured offer a richer understanding of the ways in which chimpanzees’ unique experiences shape their behavior. They also demonstrate how different methodologies provide different insights, how various cultural experiences influence our perspectives of chimpanzees, and how different ecologies in which chimpanzees live affect how they express themselves.   After a foreword by Jane Goodall, the book features sections that examine chimpanzee life histories and developmental milestones, behavior, methods of study, animal communication, cooperation, communication, and tool use. The book ends with chapters that consider how we can apply contemporary knowledge of chimpanzees to enhance their care and conservation. Collectively, these chapters remind us of the importance of considering the social, ecological, and cognitive context of chimpanzee behavior, and how these contexts shape our comprehension of chimpanzees. Only by leveraging these powerful perspectives do we stand a chance at improving how we understand, care for, and protect this species.

Table of Contents:
Foreword J. Goodall Preface: Understanding Chimpanzees in Context L. M. Hopper and S. R. Ross Acknowledgments Part 1: Life Histories and Developmental Milestones 1: Ecological Risk and the Evolution of Great Ape Life Histories C. D. Knott and F. S. Harwell 2: Growing Up: Comparing Ontogeny of Bonobos and Chimpanzees V. Behringer, J. M. G. Stevens, T. Deschner, and G. Hohmann 3: Dolphins and Chimpanzees: A Case for Convergence? J. Mann, M. A. Stanton, and C. M. Murray Part 2: A Social Species 4: Social Behavior and Social Tolerance in Chimpanzees and Bonobos J. P. Taglialatela, S. A. Skiba, R. E. Evans, S. Bogart, and N. G. Schwob 5: Endurance and Flexibility of Close Social Relationships: Comparing Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebusatys atys) R. M. Wittig, A. Mielke, J. Lester, and C. Crockford 6: Urinary Androgens, Dominance Hierarchies, and Social Group Structure among Wild Male Mountain Gorillas S. Rosenbaum, R. Santymire, and T. S. Stoinski Part 3: Studying Chimpanzees 7: Methods to Study Chimpanzee Social Learning from a Comparative Perspective L. M. Hopper and A. J. Carter 8: Automated Methods and the Technological Context of Chimpanzee Research C. F. Martin and I. Adachi 9: The Establishment of Sanctuaries for Former Laboratory Chimpanzees: Challenges, Successes, and Cross-Cultural Context S. Hirata, N. Morimura, K. Watanuki, and S. R. Ross Part 4: Communication 10: Gestural Communication in the Great Apes: Tracing the Origins of Language C. Hobaiter 11: Flexibility in Great Ape Vocal Production S. W. Townsend, S. K. Watson, and K. E. Slocombe 12: Vocal Communication in Chimpanzees and Bonobos: A Window into the Social World Z. Clay Part 5: Cooperation 13: Cooperation and Communication in Great Apes S. Duguid, M. Allritz, A. de las Heras, S. Nolte, and J. Call 14: The Evolution of Cooperation in Dyads and in Groups: Comparing Chimpanzees and Bonobos in the Wild and in the Laboratory S. Yamamoto 15: Putting Chimpanzee Cooperation in Context G. L. Vale and S. F. Brosnan 16: A Comparison of Cooperative Cognition in Corvids, Chimpanzees, and Other Animals J. J. M. Massen, W. A. A. Schaake, and T. Bugnyar Part 6: Tool Use, Cognition, and Culture 17: Extractive Foraging in an Extreme Environment: Tool and Proto-tool Use by Chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal J. D. Pruetz, S. L. Bogart, and S. Lindshield 18: Cultural Transmission in Dispersing Primates L. V. Luncz and E. van de Waal 19: On the Origin of Cumulative Culture: Consideration of the Role of Copying in Culture-Dependent Traits and a Reappraisal of the Zone of Latent Solutions Hypothesis C. Tennie, L. M. Hopper, and C. P. van Schaik 20: Cognitive Control and Metacognition in Chimpanzees M. J. Beran, B. M. Perdue, and A. E. Parrish Part 7: Caring for Chimpanzees 21: Chimpanzees in US Zoos, Sanctuaries, and Research Facilities: A Survey-Based Comparison of Atypical Behaviors M. A. Bloomsmith, A. W. Clay, S. R. Ross, S. P. Lambeth, C. K. Lutz, S. D. Breaux, R. Pietsch, A. Fultz, M. L. Lammey, S. L. Jacobson, and J. E. Perlman 22: When Is “Natural” Better? The Welfare Implications of Limiting Reproduction in Captive Chimpanzees K. A. Cronin and S. R. Ross 23: How Chimpanzee Personality and Video Studies Can Inform Management and Care of the Species: A Case Study E. S. Herrelko, S. J. Vick, and H. M. Buchanan-Smith 24: Chimpanzee Welfare in the Context of Science, Policy, and Practice S. R. Ross Part 8: Conserving Chimpanzees 25: Chimpanzee Conservation: What We Know, What We Do Not Know, and Ways Forward C. A. Chapman, K. Valenta, S. Bortolamiol, S. K. Mugume, and M. Yao 26: Holistic Approach for Conservation of Chimpanzees in Kibale National Park, Uganda J. A. Hartel, E. Otali, Z. Machanda, R. W. Wrangham, and E. Ross 27: Forest Certification and the High Conservation Value Concept: Protecting Great Apes in the Sangha Trinational Landscape in an Era of Industrial Logging D. B. Morgan, W. Winston, C. E. Ayina, W. Mayoukou, E. V. Lonsdorf, and C. M. Sanz   List of Contributors Index