For Freshman-level writing courses, such as Freshman Composition, English Composition, First-Year Writing, or Expository Writing. The only argument text that emphasizes style throughout.  Presenting a holistic view of content and style, this all-in-one argument rhetoric, reader, research guide and handbook helps students analyze and evaluate what they read, argue persuasively, and communicate more clearly than they ever have before.  Students discover, internalize and apply at increasing levels of sophistication the impact of persuasive appeals (logos, pathos and ethos), the principles of critical thinking and the hallmarks of effective style through more than 200 embedded, guided activities directed at their own papers.  

Table of Contents:
CHAPTER 1 Communication and Persuasion: Logos, Pathos, Ethos                                                                 Noticing and Thinking                                                                                                                      The process of thinking             The paradigm shift       Communicating Clearly and Effectively             Specific evidence Writing an Opinion Essay             Finding your subject       Writing Persuasively The Persuasive Appeals             Logos       Pathos        Ethos       Thesis Statements             Evaluating your thesis statement             Guide for thesis statements in persuasive essays Engaging Your Audience             Titles      Introductions      Conclusions       Guide for Evaluating Writing   INTERCHAPTER 1 Style and Voice Diction             Monosyllabic words       Multisyllabic words             Pretentious writing Other Features of Diction             Specific or general       Concrete or abstract             Literal or figurative      Avoid cliches        Precise words       Language and Thought       Voice             Features of objective writing       The writing situation and voice       Tone       Analyzing attitude toward readers       Analyzing attitudes toward subject and self       Sentence Tools             Simple sentences      Joining complete thoughts: coordination             Using semicolons to join complete thoughts       Solving Two Common Sentence Problems             Comma splices and run-on sentences   CHAPTER 2 Arguments and Controversies Critical Reading and Writing:   Agree, Disagree or Maybe Both Reading Tools             Asking questions        Noticing insights        Noticing assumptions                   Noticing overgeneralizations       Analyzing and Evaluating Two Essays on a Controversy             Analysis and evaluation of Mitch Albom’s essay             Different ways to present other arguments             Analysis and evaluation of Thomas Sowell’s essay             Features of outlining         Features of summarizing       Kinds of Evidence for Arguing: Examples, Reasons,       Authorities, Statistics             Using examples          Using reasons             Using authorities        Using statistics       Writing an Essay about a Local Issue                            Writing a Report to Analyze and Evaluate an Argument             Guidelines for a report analyzing and evaluating an argument       Five Essays on Controversial Issues for a Report     National service        Women in combat         College or pro sports                          Donating organs          Stem cell research       Writing an Essay with Sources about a Controversy Guidelines for writing an essay about a controversy Organizing an essay about a controversy Rogerian argument     Advantages of presenting other arguments first                    Guidelines for organizing an essay about a controversy                          Readings on Controversial Issues: Three Case Studies                                                                         Cheating for Success       Same Sex Marriage       Affirmative Action   INTERCHAPTER 2 Voice and Emphasis       Diction and Repetition             Repeating words for emphasis      Alliteration Sentence Tools             Joining complete and incomplete thoughts: subordination              Colons and dashes and voice         Underlining (italics) and voice             Parentheses and voice       Fine-tuning Sentences                                             Sentence fragments: pros and cons          Conciseness             Omit needless words I             Omit needless words II   CHAPTER 3  Strategies of Argumentation       Arguing by Induction and Deduction       Arguing by Illustration Arguing by Narration and Description       Arguing by Refutation       Arguing from Comparison             Organizing comparison: block and alternate patterns       Arguing from Contraries             Using contradictions and paradoxes             Paradox and tolerance for ambiguity        Either/or thinking       Arguing from Analogy             Explaining the mind       Arguing from Classification       Arguing from Cause and Effect       Arguing from Definition             Digging for roots of words Definition Essay Using Various Strategies of Argumentation Analyzing and Evaluating an Essay Using the Toulmin Strategy to Argue             Kinds of arguments--kinds of claims       Warrants              Guidelines for increasing the credibility of your arguments       Toulmin and the Psychology of Argument              Uncovering hidden values, beliefs, attitudes       Using the Toulmin Strategy to Analyze and Evaluate an Argument       Essays to Analyze and Evaluate with the Toulmin Strategy   INTERCHAPTER 3 Strategies of Repetition       Sentence Tools             Parallelism          Anaphora          Epistrophe        The Power of Threes in Sentences             Using threes in sentences: rising order or not       Varying Sentence Beginnings: Three Ways             Using -ing phrases       Using -ed or -en phrases      Using To phrases   CHAPTER 4 Problems in Reasoning       Finding the Facts        Implications, Assumptions, and Inferences         Fallacies        Problems of Insufficient Evidence              Overgeneralizing        Card stacking         Ad ignorantium              Post hoc ergo propter hoc        Problems Based on Irrelevant Information             Ad Baculum         Ad hominem         Fallacy of opposition              Genetic Fallacy        Guilt by association        Ad misericordiam              Ad Populum        Bandwagon        Plain folks and snob appeal              Ad Verecundiam        Red herring        Weak opponent             Tu quoque          Oversimplification  Problems of Ambiguity              Amphibole        Begging the question        Equivocation              Loaded language          False analogy        Problems of Faulty Reasoning              False dilemma (either/or thinking)       Non sequitur              Rationalization       Reductio ad absurdum       Slippery slope        Reading and Writing Activities        INTERCHAPTER 4 Style and Contraries Sentence Tools       Antithesis        Antithesis and balanced sentences                               Loose and periodic sentences       Fine Tuning Sentences              False starts       Active and passive verbs      CHAPTER 5 Visual Arguments      Photographs             News photographs     Guidelines for analyzing and evaluating images             Staged images       Documentary photographs                   Fotolog: A new photo phenomenon             Student essays analyzing and evaluating photographs             Like a photograph, a painting       Advertisements             Commercial ads       Special considerations for analyzing and evaluating ads                      Ads for social causes      Student essays analyzing and evaluating advertisements       Cartoons                Cartoons and creativity         Creativity and humor             Serious cartoons         Editorial cartoons             Special considerations for analyzing and evaluating cartoons             Student essays analyzing and evaluating cartoons       Film                                                                        Writing about a film        Guidelines for writing a film review             Organizing your film review       Finding and synthesizing sources             Special considerations for using sources in a film review             Student film reviews   INTERCHAPTER 5 Analyzing Style       Tools of Style        Guidelines for Writing an Essay Analyzing and Evaluating Style              Analyzing and Evaluating the Style of a Passage        Analyzing and Evaluating the Style of an Essay or a Speech        Essays for Analysis and Evaluation   CHAPTER 6 Critical Thinking about Poetry, Fiction, and Literary Nonfiction       Reading and Writing about Poetry              The language of poetry        Elements of poetry             Diction       Imagery         Figures of speech: metaphors,             similes, and symbols       Tone          Speaker                       Sound patterns        Structure         Line breaks       Reading Notebook        Writing an Essay about a Poem        Guidelines for writing an essay about a poem        Student Essay Analyzing and Evaluating a Poem       Poems to Consider for Writing an Essay        Reading and Writing about Fiction              Elements of fiction         Plot and conflict        Character             Point of view        Setting           Moral issues       Writing an Essay about a Story              Guidelines for writing an essay about a story       Stories to Consider for Writing an Essay        Reading and Writing about Literary Nonfiction        Writing about a Literary Nonfiction Essay    CHAPTER 7 Library Strategies       Research Writing Options              The informational report         The argument paper       Modern Research          Start in the Library               Preliminary reading           Locating your research question       Strategy One: Finding Background Material                The general encyclopedias       Specialized encyclopedias             Critical thinking in a research notebook       Strategy Two: Looking for Books             Bibliographies         Online databases and bookstores             The Library of Congress online      Other online sources             The public access catalog       Strategy Three: Look for Articles             Readers’ Guide to Periodical Literature     Newspaper online archives             FirstSearch and ProQuest      To use popular sources or not             Professional, technical, and specialty journals        Strategy Four: Look for Reports, Other Specialized Information               Government documents, reports        Statistical information               Biographical sources online         Book reviews         Strategy Five: Use Electronic Sources and Microform Readers       The Working Bibliography       Writing a Research Proposal               Giving the background research      Describing your project               Explaining your methods and procedures               Anticipating problems and requirements in your project               Discussing the significance of your project              Listing your works cited or references     CHAPTER 8 Evaluating Evidence       Research and the Internet       Evaluation and the Internet              Millions of hits         Print out Internet material         What Is a Reliable Site?               Evaluating Web sites        Criteria for Web sites       Who Is the Author?             Identifying authors        Caution on the Internet               Authority         The establishment bias: an exception             Guidelines for evaluating authors       Reliable Information: On the Net and Off                Context          Timely data         Documentation and credibility                Hoaxes, jokes, conspiracies, and frauds                Guidelines for reliable information       Understanding Evidence             Active reading         Questioning evidence       Primary and Secondary Evidence               A problem solving approach to research       The weight of evidence               Magazines and journals        Researchers’ rule         Examining testimony                Considering the evidence itself        Defining your terms                Occam’s razor: the rule of simplicity       Remaining impartial                Remaining objective         Determining relevance         Significance                     Claim           Persuasion       Judging probability                      Evaluating statistical data          Problems of questionnaires       Evaluating the Data: A Test Case             Summing up the evidence   CHAPTER 9 Documentation       How Much Documentation?         Research Problems to Avoid               The string of pearls      Underresearched paper                Overworking the data       Underdocumentation       Plagiarism         Summarizing and Paraphrasing       Parenthetical References           What to Document               Direct quotations       Words and ideas from a source               Paraphrases and restatements       Discussing the same source             Source within a source       Content notes         What Not to Document               Common knowledge         In-Text Rules               Use author’s name and signal phrase             Use name and title for more than one work by same author                         Use shortened titles         Use page numbers         Bibliography               Authors’ names       Titles          Place of publication               Shorten publishers’ names         Copyright date         Basic Work Cited Model, Book (MLA)        Basic Work Cited Model, Periodical (MLA)         Books: MLA Works Cited Models              One author       More than one book by same author               Author of one book, coauthor of another     Two or more authors                Committee or group author       Book with editor(s)               Essay, chapter, or selection in anthology, edited work                Translation        Multi-volume work       Part(s) of multi-volume work               Reprint of older work        Edition       Introduction, preface, foreword              Bible, sacred works        Anonymous works        Dictionary           Periodicals: MLA Works Cited Models              Weekly magazine article       Magazine article, no author given               Monthly magazine article       Newspaper article               Newspaper article, unsigned         Editorial, signed and unsigned              Letter to the editor        Book review        Film review             Music review        Professional, technical, or specialty journal,             each issue starting with page 1       Professional, technical, or specialty             journal,  pages numbered  continuously throughout year              Titles and quotes within titles         Other Sources               Handout or unpublished essay      Lecture, speech, public address               Film      Video recording: television or film       Play, performance              Musical performance       Musical composition       Recording               Individual selection from a recording       Television show               Work of art         Poem published separately          Poem in a collection               Letter, personal          Letter(s), published          Personal interview              Telephone interview           Published interview               A chart, diagram, map, or table       A cartoon        An advertisement         Electronic Sources                Article from a magazine        Article from an online newspaper                 Article from an online professional or technical journal                Online book        Part of an online book                   Online government publication        CD-ROM             Work from an online database       Name and Date Method of Documentation: APA Style         Guidelines for References in Your Text: APA Style               Extended discussion          Two or more authors         No author             Author (committee or group) with long name             Two authors with same name        Same author, same year                      Multiple references          References List in APA Style         Basic Reference Form, Book (APA)              Basic Reference Form, Periodicals (APA)        Books: Reference List Models, APA Style One author        More than one book by same author               Author of one book, co-author of another               Two or more authors       Committee or group author                Book with editor(s)        Chapter or section in an edited work               Translation        Multi-volume work               Part(s) of multi-volume work       Unsigned work                Reprint of older work          Edition               Introduction, preface, foreword         Dictionary         Periodicals: Reference List Models, APA Style               Weekly magazine article       Magazine article, no author given               Monthly magazine article        Newspaper article              Newspaper article, unsigned        Editorial, signed and unsigned             Letter to the editor        Book review        Film review             Music review       Professional, technical, or specialty journal,             each issue starting with page 1        Professional, technical, or                                             specialty journal, pages numbered continuously throughout volume               Titles and quotes within titles        Other Sources:Reference List Models, APA Style               Handout or unpublished essay       Lecture, speech, public address               Film       Video or DVD: film or television       Television show               Play, performance         Recording        Individual selection from             a recording        Work of art        Poem published separately               Poem in a collection        Letter, personal        Letter(s), published               Personal interview          Published interview               A chart, diagram, map, or table       A cartoon      An advertisement         Electronic Sources: Reference List Models, APA Style               Internet articles based on a print source          Article from             a professional or technical journal        Article from an online             journal, no print source        Article from a magazine                Article from an online newspaper       Online book                 Online government publication          Work from an online database    CHAPTER 10 Writing Your Research Paper       Researchers as Writers        Writing an Informational Report              A model informational report       Organizing Informational Reports             Guide for organizing informational reports       Writing an Argument Paper  Shaping your thesis       Discovering order              Working through your project       The Formal Outline                                     Revising the preliminary outline       The Formal Outline Model         The Abstract           Title, Introduction, Conclusion       Organizing Your Paper                Chronological       Order of importance       Making concessions        Writing Clear Paragraphs               Use unifying devices Works Cited or References              The bibliography rule       A Model Argument Paper        Typing Your Paper    MLA guidelines        APA guidelines             Example title page based on APA guidelines             APA page models after title page       Illustrations and Tables     A CONCISE HANDBOOK ON GRAMMAR, MECHANICS, AND USAGE       Sentences               What is a sentence?       Finding the subject of a sentence                Subject and verb agreement problems             Pronoun agreement problems       Clauses, dependent and independent             Who and whom         Appropriate verb tenses        Lie and lay             Revise faulty parallelism         Dangling or misplaced modifiers             Avoid sexist language                   Punctuation               Period        Comma splices and run-on sentences             Comma       Semicolons and a complex series               For more on semicolons, see Interchapter 1             Colons and dashes--see Interchapter 2       Exclamation mark               Parentheses      Brackets      Use “Sic” to indicate errors in quotes              Quotation marks: how to quote from sources                   Copying and quoting        Question marks       Ellipsis       Slash         Mechanics                Apostrophe       Hyphen       Underlining (Italics)               Capitalization       Abbreviations and numbers         Glossary of Usage